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1.
东昆仑阿牙克库木湖北巴什尔希花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及其地质意义 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
巴什尔希岩体分布在东昆仑西段白干湖断裂和阿尔金断裂之间,岩性主要为二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩,其中二长花岗岩与白干湖钨、锡多金属矿床关系密切。对锆石内部结构、阴极发光图像特征和Th/U比值的研究表明,二长花岗岩中的锆石为岩浆锆石。锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb同位素分析结果显示,二长花岗岩形成年龄为(458.0±9.0)Ma。结合前人对巴什尔希钾长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb定年(432.3±0.8)Ma,初步认为该岩体为晚奥陶世—早志留世侵入体。元素地球化学特征显示,巴什尔希花岗岩为弱准铝质或弱过铝质A型花岗岩,是东昆仑地区加里东期局部弧后盆地拉张过程中,地幔底侵导致地壳物质熔融的产物。 相似文献
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祁漫塔格西段白干湖钨锡矿区巴什尔希花岗岩序列及构造环境 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
祁漫塔格西段白干湖钨锡矿区的巴什尔希花岗岩由二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩组成,岩石序列由早到晚包括6个单元,其侵位时代约为458~432 M a;构造环境判别显示巴什尔希花岗岩形成于后造山构造环境;通过讨论,认为阿尔金断裂南侧的奥陶纪—早志留世偏铝质—过铝质A2(PA)型花岗岩区是钨锡矿的重点找矿靶区。 相似文献
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东昆仑白干湖钨锡矿床成矿岩体岩石学、年代学和地球化学 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
白干湖钨锡矿田是近年来在我国西部地区新发现的一个具超大型远景规模的矿田,由白干湖、柯可卡尔德、巴什尔希和阿瓦尔四个矿床组成。矿床与加里东期巴什尔希岩浆序列具有密切联系,但对其岩石成因及与成矿关系尚有争议。本文选取白干湖矿床与成矿有关的花岗岩开展了岩石学、年代学和地球化学研究。镜下鉴定其为正长花岗岩。LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为413.6±2.4Ma(MSWD=0.36,n=30)。结合前人资料,认为巴什尔希岩浆序列形成于后碰撞构造环境,岩体年龄集中于中志留世-早泥盆世(ca.433~413Ma),具有S型花岗岩和A型花岗岩伴生的特点。其中白干湖正长花岗岩含有原生锰铝榴石和白云母等过铝质矿物,A/CNK和A/NK分布范围分别为1.07~1.11和1.45~1.49,锆石饱和温度和高场强元素含量相对较低,属于弱过铝质高钾钙碱性S型花岗岩,形成于巴什尔希岩浆序列岩浆活动晚期,与区内钨锡成矿关系密切,矿区内下步找矿应对隐伏或岩枝状产出的正长花岗岩更加重视。而巴什尔希岩浆序列中的二长花岗岩和碱长花岗岩含有角闪石和黑云母等暗色矿物并主要呈他形晶充填于长石和石英晶隙,K2O含量为5.25%~6.29%,属于钾玄岩系列,A/CNK为0.92~1.02,其锆石饱和温度(866~917℃)、全碱含量(8.30%~9.69%)、稀土总量(200×10-6~413×10-6)和Zr、Nb、Ce、Y等高场强元素含量(Zr+Nb+Ce+Y=556×10-6~1006×10-6)都明显偏高,为准铝质或弱过铝质A型花岗岩,在该区及外围可能具有形成与A型花岗岩有关的稀有稀土金属矿床的潜力。 相似文献
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东昆仑祁漫塔格晚志留世——早泥盆世花岗岩:年代学、地球化学及形成环境 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
东昆仑祁漫塔格构造—岩浆岩带发育大量与加里东期造山有关的花岗岩,对其进行研究不仅能为祁漫塔格早古生代构造演化提供新信息,而且对探讨整个东昆仑造山带的动力学演化过程具有重要的意义。本文报道祁漫塔格东部那棱郭勒河东黑云母二长花岗岩及祁漫塔格乌兰乌珠尔钾长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学数据,并对研究区晚志留世—早泥盆世花岗岩成因及其构造意义进行探讨。本区的黑云母二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为420.6±2.6Ma、421.2±1.9Ma。祁漫塔格晚志留世—早泥盆世花岗岩类整体属高钾钙碱性准铝—过铝质花岗岩,稀土配分曲线为轻稀土元素相对富集、重稀土元素相对平坦、中等负铕异常,微量元素表现为大离子亲石元素Rb、Th相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Sr、P、Ti亏损的特征;该时期为后碰撞构造环境,岩石成因类型以高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩为主,但同时出露同时期S型花岗岩,推测在同碰撞挤压造山作用向后碰撞区域拉伸构造体制(约420Ma)的转换时期,产生了具有A型花岗岩特征的花岗岩、高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩及过铝质花岗岩。 相似文献
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采用LA-ICP-MS方法对青藏高原祁漫塔格山西部枯草沟地区花岗岩和闪长岩进行锆石U-Pb测年,获得405.7±1.3Ma、420.8±1.6Ma、423.9±1.5Ma和421.0±1.7Ma四个年龄,属于晚志留世—早泥盆世。这些锆石具有高Th/U值,是典型的岩浆锆石,其结晶年龄代表岩石形成年龄。综合统计目前已有锆石U-Pb年龄数据表明,该地区主要存在2期岩浆活动:350~500Ma和200~350Ma,分别对应早古生代和晚古生代—早中生代。祁漫塔格早古生代岩浆活动年龄数量占统计的60%以上,为主要岩浆活动期,主要分布于祁漫塔格北部和西部。东昆仑晚古生代—早中生代的岩浆约占古生代以来岩浆总量的77%以上,为东昆仑主要岩浆活动期。祁漫塔格晚古生代—早中生代岩浆活动主要分布于其东南部,靠近东昆仑山,暗示其可能受东昆仑主要岩浆活动的影响。以上结果暗示,早古生代期间祁漫塔格洋的活动性强于东昆仑洋的活动性,祁漫塔格和东昆仑可能自晚古生代以来才逐步形成统一的造山带。 相似文献
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东昆仑祁漫塔格构造—岩浆岩带发育大量与加里东期造山有关的花岗岩,对其进行研究不仅能为祁漫塔格早古生代构造演化提供新信息,而且对探讨整个东昆仑造山带的动力学演化过程具有重要的意义。本文报道祁漫塔格东部那棱郭勒河东黑云母二长花岗岩及祁漫塔格乌兰乌珠尔钾长花岗岩的锆石U Pb年龄和地球化学数据,并对研究区晚志留世—早泥盆世花岗岩成因及其构造意义进行探讨。本区的黑云母二长花岗岩、钾长花岗岩的LA ICP MS锆石U Pb年龄分别为4206 ±26Ma、4212 ±19Ma。祁漫塔格晚志留世—早泥盆世花岗岩类整体属高钾钙碱性准铝—过铝质花岗岩,稀土配分曲线为轻稀土元素相对富集、重稀土元素相对平坦、中等负铕异常, 微量元素表现为大离子亲石元素Rb、Th相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Sr、P、Ti亏损的特征;该时期为后碰撞构造环境,岩石成因类型以高钾钙碱性 I 型花岗岩为主,但同时出露同时期S型花岗岩,推测在同碰撞挤压造山作用向后碰撞区域拉伸构造体制（约420Ma）的转换时期,产生了具有A型花岗岩特征的花岗岩、高钾钙碱性 I 型花岗岩及过铝质花岗岩。 相似文献
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牛苦头矿床和卡而却卡矿床是青海祁漫塔格地区重要的多金属矿床。利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法测得牛苦头矿床花岗闪长岩成岩年龄为394.0±1.3Ma,卡而却卡矿床B区黑云母二长花岗岩的成岩年龄为406.4±4.2Ma。这些年龄与区内野马泉、乌兰乌珠尔及夏日哈木矿床成矿岩体的形成时代范围基本一致,说明青海祁漫塔格地区早、中泥盆世可能发生了大规模的岩浆作用和与之有关的成矿作用。结合区域地质特征和已发表的地质年代学及岩石地球化学数据可知,青海祁漫塔格地区早、中泥盆世处于后碰撞伸展的构造背景,暗示早、中泥盆世可能是青海祁漫塔格地区又一个重要的多金属成矿期。 相似文献
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祁漫塔格是青海省内一个重要的多金属成矿区。近年来,新发现了多处与花岗岩有关的钨、锡、铜、多金属矿床。本文报道了祁漫塔格西段苏鲁格萨依花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年数据,15颗岩浆锆石给出的206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为(450±5.5)Ma,代表了花岗岩的结晶年龄。结合区域地质背景,认为该岩体形成于祁漫塔格洋由俯冲向碰撞转换的构造背景下。 相似文献
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东昆仑喀雅克登塔格晚泥盆世花岗闪长岩的发现与地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
东昆仑西部祁漫塔格喀雅克登塔格地区地质研究程度低,特别是未曾有晚泥盆世侵入岩的报道或记录。本次工作识别出晚泥盆世花岗闪长岩的存在,经LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年,其形成时代为(380.52±0.92)Ma,即晚泥盆世。这一发现打破了东昆仑造山带加里东造山旋回幔源岩浆底侵作用发生在早泥盆世(408Ma)—中泥盆世(386Ma)的认识,进而将幔源岩浆底侵作用一直延续至晚泥盆世380Ma,为细化东昆仑西部祁漫塔格加里东造山旋回晚泥盆世的构造背景奠定了基础;喀雅克登塔格晚泥盆世花岗闪长岩产于祁漫塔格加里东造山带后造山伸展崩塌的晚期阶段幔源岩浆底侵作用的构造背景。 相似文献
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北秦岭太白花岗岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
北秦岭太白岩体位于商丹构造带北侧。野外侵入关系和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年显示,该岩体由早志留世的五里峡岩体、晚三叠世的红崖河岩体和早白垩世的下板寺岩体组成。五里峡岩体的主要岩石类型为片麻状黑云母二长花岗岩,锆石U-Pb年龄为（431±2） Ma;红崖河岩体的主要岩石类型为黑云母二长花岗岩,锆石U-Pb年龄为（214±2） Ma;下板寺岩体为粗粒黑云母花岗岩,锆石U-Pb年龄为（130±1） Ma,表明太白岩体是由3个不同时代岩体组成的侵入复合杂岩体。结合区域构造背景和前人的研究成果,得出早志留世五里峡岩体可能与秦岭微板块沿商丹缝合带俯冲碰撞有关;晚三叠世红崖河岩体与秦岭早中生代主期岩浆作用一致,是华北地块与扬子地块碰撞的产物;燕山期的下板寺花岗岩属于板内岩浆作用。研究显示,今后应注意大岩体的解体,其可能隐含着不可忽视的构造-岩浆作用信息。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献