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1.
川东北地区中三叠统雷口坡组四段古岩溶作用与储层分布 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
四川盆地东北部雷口坡组四段中的油气突破显示了其重要的油气地质意义。本文通过岩芯观察、薄片鉴定、测井和录井资料以及包裹体、碳氧同位素和锶同位素等分析测试资料的综合分析,在雷口坡组顶部不整合面剥蚀残余地层雷四段中识别出了同生岩溶、表生岩溶和埋藏岩溶三种类型的古岩溶作用,认为它们是控制川东北地区雷口坡组四段储层形成的关键要素。同生岩溶作用控制了早期储层的形成和分布,平面展布具有局限性,受到高能滩相带展布的控制。表生岩溶作用是该储层形成的关键作用,与其有关的储层在垂向上主要局限于不整合面以下90m的深度范围内。根据风化壳岩溶的垂向与横向发育特征,认为其储层在垂向上主要分布于地表岩溶带呈碎屑支持的角砾灰岩和云岩、垂直渗流带半充填的高角度溶缝以及中小型溶蚀孔洞和水平岩溶带半充填的中小型溶蚀孔洞、溶缝、洞顶破裂缝和河成角砾中,平面上主要发育于岩溶斜坡区,又以岩溶残丘为最有利微地貌单元。埋藏岩溶与热液及有机酸溶蚀碳酸盐矿物有关,是储层优化改造的关键因素。 相似文献
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蜀南地区茅口组古岩溶地貌与缝洞系统发育关系研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
蜀南地区茅口组古岩溶地貌形态对缝洞系统的发育起着控制作用。在恢复茅口组古地貌的基础上,根据上二叠统在区域上的分布厚度、风化壳表面侵蚀特征和茅口组地层保存程度,将茅口组顶部古岩溶面划分为岩溶台地、岩溶坡地(又分为西部陡坡带和北东部缓坡带)和岩溶盆地3个二级地貌单元;研究了各地貌单元和缝洞系统发育关系。结果表明:岩溶台地岩溶水以垂向渗流为主,风化剥蚀强烈,形成垂向的溶缝、溶洞常被泥质等充填,横向连通性弱;岩溶陡坡、岩溶台地和岩溶陡坡过渡带岩溶作用最强,溶孔、溶洞发育,且充填程度低,缝洞系统最为发育,是有利的勘探区带;岩溶缓坡水流速度慢,岩溶作用周期长,溶蚀空间易受充填,不利于缝洞保存;岩溶盆地岩溶发育最弱,储集性能差,是不利的勘探区带。 相似文献
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川西地区中三叠统雷口坡组古岩溶储层特征及发育主控因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《海相油气地质》2013,(2):8-14
受中三叠世末印支运动早期的影响,川西地区中三叠统碳酸盐岩普遍受到剥蚀和岩溶作用。通过多口井和多个露头剖面的岩心、岩屑观察分析和地球化学分析表明,该区中三叠统雷口坡组顶,古表生岩溶特征明显。古岩溶作用为雷口坡组顶储层的发育创造了条件,雷口坡组上部发育了一套岩溶孔隙型储层,主要分布于四段上亚段,在新场地区储层段累计厚度达38～75m,岩性主要为微—粉晶白云岩、灰质白云岩、白云质灰岩、(藻)砂屑白云岩及(藻)砂屑灰岩等,以Ⅱ—Ⅲ类储层为主。认为该套储层的发育主要受岩性组合、微古地貌及埋藏期岩溶作用控制。 相似文献
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川西坳陷中段三叠系雷口坡组—马鞍塘组油气地质条件及有利勘探目标分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
川西地区三叠系发育马鞍塘组滩相裂缝-孔隙型储层、雷口坡组顶部不整合面岩溶缝洞型储层以及雷口坡组台地边缘滩和台内滩相孔隙型储层等多套多种类型的碳酸盐岩储层,油气地质条件良好。认为川西坳陷中段孝新—合丰构造带主要以雷口坡组台内滩、不整合面岩溶储层及马鞍塘组滩相储层为主要勘探目标层系,其中孝泉、新场构造是近期该构造带最有利的勘探目标。坳陷西缘构造带主要以雷口坡组台缘滩及马鞍塘组浅滩相储层为主要勘探目标层系,圈闭面积较大的安县、鸭子河、大邑构造是该构造带风险勘探的有利目标。坳陷东坡构造带主要以雷口坡组台内滩相及不整合面岩溶储层为目标。 相似文献
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塔河油田中下奥陶统岩溶缝洞方解石碳、氧、锶同位素地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨塔河油田中下奥陶统古岩溶产物的地球化学特征以及评价不同期次古岩溶作用的影响区域, 系统分析了中下奥陶统岩溶缝洞方解石的碳、氧、锶同位素.不同产状的方解石碳、氧同位素具有明显的大气水岩溶特征, 早期岩溶产物以富集13C和低87Sr/86Sr比值为特征, 而海西早期岩溶产物以δ13C分布较宽和高87Sr/86Sr比值为特征, 两者的δ18O值分布均较宽.桑塔木组覆盖区比北部地区富集13C, 来自围岩的13C比重加大, 另一个原因是早期岩溶产物的δ13C值较高; 桑塔木组覆盖区岩溶产物具有高87Sr/86Sr比值特征, 说明有壳源锶的注入, 主要是受海西早期岩溶作用的影响, 并且高87Sr/86Sr比值特征比北部地区低, 其原因是来源于围岩的重溶锶比重加大.δ13C和87Sr/86Sr在区域上的变化, 结合区域地质背景, 表明海西早期岩溶对北部地区和桑塔木组覆盖区均有重要的影响, 是塔河油田中下奥陶统碳酸盐岩的主岩溶期, 也是其储层的主要形成时期. 相似文献
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为探讨锶同位素在古岩溶研究中的应用,系统分析了塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系岩溶缝洞方解石的87Sr/86Sr值。研究结果表明,加里东中期岩溶形成的方解石以低87Sr/86Sr值为特征,其锶同位素组成主要由围岩的重溶锶控制。而海西早期岩溶形成的方解石则以高87Sr/86Sr值为特征,锶同位素组成主要由壳源锶和重溶锶控制;同时,不同产状的方解石锶同位素比值也不相同,渗流岩溶带的方解石比潜流岩溶带富集87Sr,主要受控于岩溶系统的渗流机制和水岩反应。在平面上,桑塔木组覆盖区比北部地区富集87Sr,其主要原因是来源于围岩的重溶锶比重加大。87Sr/86Sr值在区域上的变化,结合区域地质背景,表明海西早期岩溶对北部地区和桑塔木组覆盖区均有重要的影响,是奥陶系岩溶缝洞型储层的主要形成时期。另外,极低的锶同位素比值可能与幔源锶有关,早二叠纪末的火山活动是提供幔源锶的主要时期。通过塔河油田奥陶系古岩溶作用的实例研究,锶同位素具有良好的流体示踪能力,在划分古岩溶期次方面具有明显的优势。 相似文献
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四川盆地东北部元坝地区雷口坡组四段中的油气突破显示了其重要的油气地质意义。通过对野外露头、岩心、薄片、阴极发光、钻井、录井、测井和地震资料的综合分析,认为研究区发育地表残积相、洞穴垮塌堆积相、地下暗河搬运充填相、基岩溶蚀破裂相、基岩溶蚀相和基岩溶蚀交代相6种岩溶相类型。根据不同岩溶带的水动力作用特征,由上而下将其分为地表岩溶带、垂直渗流带、水平潜流带和深部岩溶带。以上部地层印模法为主并结合雷口坡组的残余地层分布、风化壳厚度发育情况恢复古岩溶地貌,进一步刻画元坝地区的微地貌情况,认为岩溶斜坡为最有利的储层发育地貌单元,其中以中上斜坡更优,岩溶残丘为最有利的储层发育微地貌单元。古岩溶对雷口坡组四段储层的形成具有重要的作用,有利储层的平面和纵向发育、分布受古岩溶作用特征的控制。 相似文献
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渝北—川东地区黄龙组古岩溶储层稳定同位素地球化学特征 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
石炭系黄龙组碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层是渝北—川东地区最重要的天然气储集类型之一。依据岩溶岩的结构特征,将黄龙组岩溶岩系划分为弱溶蚀岩溶岩、中等溶蚀多孔状岩溶岩、强溶蚀角砾状岩溶岩和强溶蚀交代的次生灰质岩溶岩等4种岩溶岩类型,和淡水方解石与白云石两种胶结物类型。以基质岩为对比参照物,对各类岩溶岩和胶结物的碳、氧、锶稳定同位素分析对比研究结果表明,不同成因类型、溶蚀强度、结构和成分的岩溶岩与胶结物的碳、氧、锶稳定同位素地球化学特征各异,其形成、演化和分布规律明显受古地理背景、流体性质、流体来源以及同位素分馏效应控制。依据岩溶岩系的结构和地球化学特征的差异性,可总结出4个主要特征:(1)伴随岩溶强度加大,δ13C表现向低值方向弱偏移,而δ18O负偏移较强烈;(2)87Sr/86Sr比值出现由渗流-活跃潜流带的正偏移,至静滞潜流带转化为强烈负偏移的演化趋势;(3)对应古岩溶系碳、氧、锶稳定同位素演化,古岩溶储层的物性出现由差变好至重新变差的对应变化关系;(4)淡水白云石结晶沉淀过程中可能具有对87Sr有很强"捕获"能力的锶同位素正偏移分馏效应。 相似文献
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研究古岩溶发育特征及古地貌恢复对于华北煤田岩溶水害防治具有重要指导意义。以华北板块南缘淮南舜耕山奥陶系古岩溶为对象，采用野外地质踏勘、分段剖面测量以及残余厚度法等工作方法，揭露了古岩溶发育特征和恢复基岩面剖面起伏形态，并结合现代岩溶理论，从形成条件的角度剖析不同岩溶带的空间变化规律。本文认为马家沟组主要发育大型岩溶缝洞，内部充填物少，而萧县组沿层面发育层间岩溶，充填岩溶角砾，且内部充填方解石由东向西逐渐增多。舜耕山奥陶系古岩溶发育程度自东向西、自上至下逐步减弱。该地区奥陶系古地貌呈东高西低，可划分为残丘、缓坡、陡坡和洼地等4个三级岩溶地貌单元。通过对古岩溶地质条件、古水流径流方式以及古岩溶发育特征等因素的考察与分析，古岩溶地貌从上至下可分为表层岩溶带、垂向渗流带、水平潜流带和深部缓流带。其中，残丘和缓坡的表层岩溶带和垂向渗流带岩溶最为发育，在沉积层面间常发育成大型岩溶缝洞，且在地下水流发生改变时，易形成岩溶塌陷。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献