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江苏省东海地区位于苏鲁造山带的西南缘,区内广泛出露片麻状碱性花岗岩.本文对东海地区磨山、虎山和房山片麻状碱性花岗岩的产状、岩石结构构造、碱性铁镁矿物、元素地球化学和锆石成因及SHRIMP定年等综合研究结果表明：该类岩石具有高硅、富碱、富铁贫镁和含碱性铁镁矿物等特征,说明其为碱性花岗岩;岩体还保留有沉积岩特有的层理（走向北东、倾向南东等一致的产状）,长石等造岩矿物显示在固相条件下结晶的特征,以及继承锫石大部分是不同时代的岩浆或变质锆石碎屑等,均证实其原岩是沉积岩.SHRIMP定年对变质锆石的边部获得两组206Pb-238U加权平均年龄,分别为224.7±9.4 Ma和209.4±2.5～212±3.5Ma,反映了东海片麻状碱性花岗岩成岩时间属于印支期,相当于晚三叠世,变质锆石的核部206Pb-238U年龄变化于866～248 Ma,反映原岩时代不会早于晚古生代. 相似文献
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西秦岭大草滩群的形成时代和构造意义探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大草滩群a岩组中最年轻的一组锆石206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为404.9±4.8 Ma（MSWD=0.11）,b岩组中最年轻的锆石206Pb/238U年龄值为385±5 Ma,c岩组样品中最年轻的锆石206Pb/238U年龄值为375±6 Ma,这一结果将大草滩群的最大沉积时代有效地限定在405~375 Ma之间。结合生物化石组合资料,大草滩群的时代归属于晚泥盆世。根据岩石组合、沉积相、构造变形、形成时代和物源分析等资料综合研究表明,晚泥盆世大草滩群河湖相粗粒碎屑岩形成时的大地构造背景是位于安第斯型活动大陆边缘的弧前拉张—裂陷盆地,作为北秦岭微陆（+岩浆弧）与华北大陆西南缘碰撞的沉积响应,是碰撞造山作用以后南部洋壳持续俯冲阶段同火山—岩浆活动的弧前沉积体系。 相似文献
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为了确定海州式磷矿含矿地层的沉积时代，本文对苏北地区含磷岩系及相关地层的5件样品进行锆石U- Pb定年分析测试。结果表明，锦屏镇刘志州山云台组的1件白云母二长片麻岩的岩浆锆石的206Pb/238U表面年龄介于846~761 Ma之间，平均年龄为790. 5±5. 1 Ma；锦屏磷矿区锦屏组的 1件绿帘石白云母片岩的碎屑锆石206Pb/238U表面年龄介于835~761 Ma之间，指示其沉积物源主要为新元古代岩浆岩，形成年龄晚于最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄761±16 Ma；刘集地区锦屏组的1件黑云斜长片麻岩的碎屑锆石206Pb/238U表面年龄集中于~2. 5 Ga、~1. 9 Ga和~804 Ma三个峰值，形成年龄晚于最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄777±11 Ma；锦屏镇朐山的1件片麻状花岗岩的岩浆锆石206Pb/238U表面年龄介于820~778 Ma之间，平均年龄803. 3±3. 8 Ma；太和地区的1件片麻状花岗岩的岩浆锆石206Pb/238U表面年龄介于832~794 Ma之间，平均年龄805. 6±6. 2 Ma。据锆石年代学研究，认为云台组及朐山、太和片麻状花岗岩的形成时代均为新元古代。 相似文献
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新疆东部哈尔里克山片麻状黑云母花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其地质意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
新疆东部哈尔里克山出露大量闪长岩和花岗岩岩体,在小铺一带,岩体发育片麻状构造,其围岩为一套变质岩系.对小铺西侧片麻状黑云母花岗岩锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年研究,获得(311±9)Ma的206Pb/238U表面年龄.结合岩体及锆石的矿物学特征,该年龄被解释为片麻状黑云母花岗岩岩体的侵位年龄.结合前人的研究资料,笔者推测该片麻状黑云母花岗岩形成于弧后伸展构造环境,其片麻状构造的发育与伸展作用有密切关系,小铺一带变质作用的下限年龄为(311±9)Ma. 相似文献
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黑龙江东部马家街群的岩石地球化学特征及其沉积时代 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
位于黑龙江省东部的马家街群主体岩性为变泥质岩,对其进行主量和痕量元素分析,SiO2含量为61.5%~77.68%,Al2O3含量为9.74%~21.08%,K2O含量为2.73%~6.34%,Na2O含量为0.1%~2.66%,（La/Yb）N=6.55~10.79,Eu/*Eu=0.45~0.64,（Gd/Yb）N=1.28~1.94,表明马家街群物源主要来自长英质岩石组成的后太古宙上陆壳,并具有大陆岛弧性质。通过对马家街群下伏基底片麻岩进行锆石LAICPMS UPb定年,11颗锆石的定年结果显示,206Pb/238U年龄为499~508Ma,加权平均年龄为504±2Ma（n=11,MSWD=0.44）;定年的锆石晶形较好,具震荡生长环带,属典型的岩浆成因,因此504±2Ma这一年龄代表了花岗片麻岩原岩形成时代,而变质时代则应更晚,表明沉积在基底片麻岩之上的马家街群形成时代在晚寒武世之后。马家街群的地球化学特征及其下伏片麻岩年代学的特点,反映了物源区可能来自于泛非期佳木斯地块与相邻地块拼合而成的稳定陆块。 相似文献
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秦岭岩群（杂岩）中侵入体的年代学、地球化学特征及其对古生代构造运动的启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
秦岭岩群（杂岩）是北秦岭构造带主要的构造岩石单元之一,对研究华北板块和扬子板块之间的构造演化具有重要意义。本文对秦岭岩群杂岩中的4个侵入体（包括片麻状变辉长岩、糜棱岩化花岗岩、片麻状石英闪长岩和片麻状花岗岩）进行了地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素分析,以探讨北秦岭在古生代的岩浆作用。结果表明4个样品富集LREE,亏损HREE;片麻状变辉长岩的锆石年龄集中在481Ma~471Ma,糜棱岩化花岗岩锆石年龄具有486Ma的强峰,代表早古生代岩浆热事件;片麻状石英闪长岩和片麻状花岗岩的锆石年龄分别在417Ma~384Ma之间和400Ma~388Ma之间,代表秦岭岩群（杂岩）在晚古生代早期经历的岩浆活动事件。片麻状变辉长岩的εHf(t)值在-5.64~-3.32之间,代表其原岩来自古老地壳;片麻状石英闪长岩和片麻状花岗岩的εHf(t)值均为正值,分别在7.62~11.84和7.50~10.70之间变化,表明其原岩来自亏损地幔。 相似文献
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甘肃北山火石山哈尔根头口布花岗岩年代学、地球化学及其地质意义 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
首次利用锆石LAICPMS UPb法测得甘肃火石山东北部侵位于长城系、蓟县系以及志留系中的哈尔根头口布花岗岩形成于中泥盆世早期（同位素年龄为387.6±8.2Ma）,同时发现该花岗岩体内存在晚蓟县世产物（继承性锆石年龄1172±7Ma）。哈尔根头口布花岗岩体主要由钾长花岗岩、二长花岗岩、花岗岩组成,岩石具有高硅（SiO2含量为70.28％~79.4%）、富碱（Na2O＋K2O为6.52%~9.11%）、低铝（Al2O3含量为8.82%~14.05%）、低Sr（含量为40~150×10-6,平均为101.5×10-6）的特征、岩石的δ<3.3、A/CNK值为0.8~1.1,为钙碱性准铝质到弱过铝质岩石;稀土元素具有明显的LREE富集(LREE/HREE=2.89~16.4, LaN/YbN= 1.82~25.18)和Eu亏损,相对富集Rb、Th、Ce和Sm,而亏损Ta、Nb、Zr、Hf。综合分析认为该花岗岩为A型花岗岩,产于构造挤压向构造伸展转换的地质背景之中。 相似文献
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北秦岭西段岩湾加里东期碰撞型侵入体形成时代及地球化学特征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
北秦岭造山带西段商丹断裂带北侧岩湾一带分布的含石榴石二长花岗岩以含富铝的石榴石、白云母等矿物为特征,属含白云母过铝质花岗岩类（MPG）;SiO2含量为73.39%~74.4%,Na2O/K2O小于1,A/CNK（分子比）为1.07~1.18,里特曼指数（δ）为2.02~2.15,CIPW标准矿物中出现刚玉（C）,具强过铝质钙碱性岩石系列的地球化学特征,为典型的“S”型花岗岩;稀土总量为121×10-6~151×10-6,轻重稀土比值为14.91~21,δEu为0.55~0.74,为δEu负异常明显的右倾型稀土分配模式;大离子亲石元素洋脊花岗岩标准化形式及各类构造环境判别图解均显示其形成于同碰撞环境,为大陆碰撞的地球动力学背景。岩体的LAICPMS锆石UPb年龄为414.3±1.9Ma,属末志留世晚期,该侵入体应是早古生代晚期加里东运动碰撞造山过程的产物,其形成时代（414.3±1.9Ma）结合同一地区红花铺俯冲型侵入体出现相近的变质锆石的年龄（413.5±1.3Ma）,较精确地约束了北秦岭西段加里东运动碰撞造山的时限。 相似文献
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滇西腾冲地块片麻状花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
报道了滇西腾冲地块片麻状花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄。区域地质和岩相特征表明,片麻状花岗岩为岩浆成因,并经历了后期深熔作用。24颗锆石测得24个年龄数据中,1颗继承锆石的206Pb/238U年龄为537.5±5.6Ma,2颗岩浆锆石的206Pb/238U平均年龄为456Ma,3颗深熔锆石的206Pb/238U平均年龄为117Ma,18颗深熔锆石的Robust (Median) 206Pb/238U年龄为66.2+7/-4Ma。上述结果表明,花岗岩形成于早古生代,而后在白垩纪发生深熔作用,可能是特提斯演化过程中的岩浆响应。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献