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运用FLAC3D软件中的Mohr-Coulomb本构模型对北京市某高层住宅楼基坑工程进行了数值模拟分析,对基坑开挖、失稳破坏、边坡支护进行了评价,并对模拟结果与实测结果进行了对比,分析了基坑变形、失稳破坏和支护过程。研究表明,FLAC3D软件中的Mohr-Coulomb本构模型能够方便、准确地模拟基坑开挖、边坡的大位移失稳破坏、边坡的支护过程,其计算结果安全可靠。分析结果也证实了FLAC3D在基坑工程数值模拟方面具有良好的适应性。 相似文献
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运用快速拉格朗日元(FLAC3D)数值法,考虑土钉的加固作用及土钉与土体的相互作用,模拟土钉支护施工过程.选择能够反映开挖特点的土的本构关系、开挖支护模拟过程及双弹簧土钉单元,建立数值分析模型.分析了基底、基坑壁土体的变形响应及土钉在开挖、使用阶段的力学响应.结果表明:①开挖引起基坑壁变形,并导致拉伸与剪切破坏;对于拉伸破坏,应使土钉长度超过滑移面;对于剪切破坏,可增大土钉在剪出口位置的密度;②开挖完毕后,各层土钉轴力沿长度方向的分布不均匀,土钉轴力最大值位置可表征潜在滑动面的位置.FLAC3D能够对基坑分步开挖及支护进行模拟,建立的数值模型能够反映土钉支护基坑的真实情况,为基坑土钉支护技术的设计与施工提供指导. 相似文献
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基坑开挖引起的坑壁侧移、基坑隆起、墙体破坏是工程重要灾害问题。因此,选择恰当的支护形式是确保工程安全、提高工程质量、降低工程造价的关键。本文以某广场基坑支护项目为例,采用双排桩-锚杆复合支护形式,通过现场原位测试获得土体各项物理参数,应用FLAC~(3D)有限差分软件模拟基坑开挖,得到各开挖深度下支护结构的水平位移变化规律,通过数值计算结果与工程监测数据对比分析,验证了数值模型的合理性,对基坑支护方案的优化具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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采用模型试验与离散元模拟的方法,对均质岩体中隧道开挖后围岩的变形破坏过程进行了研究,并对围岩变形破坏过程中围岩应力及地表位移的变化规律进行了分析,模型试验结果与数值模拟结果取得了较好的一致性。研究结果表明：隧道开挖后,拱顶处围岩变形明显并出现裂缝,围岩破坏从拱顶开始,进而呈渐进式向上发展,最终形成稳定的塌落拱;开挖后,隧道围岩径向应力减小,隧道周边一定范围内围岩切向应力减小,且随隧道变形破坏的发展,围岩切向应力减小的区域逐渐扩大;隧道塌方后,拱底垂直应力增加,开挖结束至塌方开始期间地表位移增量最大,塌方期间地表位移增量最小。 相似文献
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城市地铁施工中由于周边环境复杂,基坑开挖引起的土层扰动,可能会造成建筑物及地下管线破坏,甚至引起基坑失稳。以某地铁深基坑工程为背景,借助FLAC3D,建立了基坑开挖计算模型。现场实测与模型计算结果表明,计算值和实测值基本吻合,采用的计算模型可以近似模拟实际开挖过程。通过改变模型参数,研究了围护桩刚度、锚索倾角及锚索位置对围护体系受力和变形的影响,得出一些有益的结论,为保证城市深基坑开挖周边环境及围护结构安全,提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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以兰花路地铁车站基坑开挖工程为研究对象,利用FLAC3D有限差分元软件建立了围岩应力三维计算模型,采用数值分析和现场试验相结合的手段,对距基坑边缘不同距离、开挖深度不同深度及随时间变化土体水平位移变化规律展开研究。研究表明：由数值模拟结果分析,位于基坑边缘距离10 m之内的土体为高影响区,位于基坑边缘距离10m之外的土体为缓影响区;根据现场试验可得,随着时间的往后推移,相对应的开挖深度逐渐增大,水平位移值逐渐增大,且在前期增长速度较快,其中为凸字形曲线的为正常曲线,较为安全。结合数值模拟结果及现场检测结果,获得基坑开挖过程周边土体时间和空间范围内土体变形规律,为工程作业过程提供降低土体坍塌等安全隐患的范围。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献