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1.
潘建强  孔佑华 《矿物学报》1993,13(4):293-302
通过对我国64个二八面体含铝蒙皂石矿物化学及晶体化学数据的统计分析,研究了它们的矿物化学及晶体化学的基本特征,并得出八面体组分是影响蒙皂石矿物学及物理化学性质的主要因素,在此基础上,利用AlAl-AlFe-AlMg三角图划分了我国二八面体含铝蒙皂石的晶体化学类型,并对原分类图进行了模式化处理,使AlAl-AlFe-AlMg图更具实际意义,蒙皂石的阳离子交换容量与晶体化学模型有对应性,并受八面体三价  相似文献   

2.
双波长分光光度法同时测定岩石及合金中低含量铁和铝   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究了Fe^2+-亚硝基R盐及Al^3+-铝试剂显色体系。在pH5.5条件下,在波长800 ̄740nm处用亚硝基R盐测定铁;在波长565 ̄530nm处用铝试剂测量铝,可消除相互间的干扰,故可在一份溶液中同时进行铁、铝的测定。  相似文献   

3.
研究了用甲壳素富集铬天菁S-Al的柱前显色分光光度法。在酸性条件下,甲壳素吸附铬天菁S和铝的络阴离子,其富集倍数高达100倍。经用NH3.H2O、HAc和丙酮依次洗脱并定容后,在545nm 处测定显色溶吸光度,线性范围在0-1mg/LAl。方法快速,可以用于环境中样中痕量Al的测定。  相似文献   

4.
长江河田及其上海岸带水体沉积物中磷的存在形态   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
刘敏  陆敏 《地学前缘》2000,7(B08):94-98
讨论了磷的5种存在形态及其分布规律。河口及岸带水体沉积物中磷主要是以有机磷(OP)和无机磷(IP)形式存在的,有机磷是有机质的组成部分,无机磷又可分为可溶性磷(DP)、铁结合磷(Fe-P)、铝结合磷(Al-P)、铝结合磷(Al-P)、钙结合磷(Ca-P)。研究发现,沉积物中总磷含量水平在692.79~1570.99μg/g之间,无机磷含量在220.02~928.33μg/g之间,占总磷含量的31.8%~60.5~,而有机磷含量在394.89~642.66μg/g之间,为总磷含量的39.5%~68.2%。在分析水体喾物中各形态磷的含量和变化的基础上,对磷在时空上的变化,与有机碳、总氮的关系以及污水输入影响等进行了初步的论述,并提出沉积物中铁结合磷(Fe-P)和铝结合磷(Al-P)可作为判断污染的指标之一。  相似文献   

5.
研究了用甲壳素富集铬天菁S-Al的柱前显色分光光度法。在酸性条件下,甲壳素吸附铬天菁S和铝的络阴离子,其富集倍数高达100倍。经用NH_3·H_2O、HAc和丙酮依次洗脱并定容后,在545nm处测定显色溶液吸光度,线性范围在0~1mg/LAl。方法快速,可以用于环境水样中痕量Al的测定。  相似文献   

6.
酸性条件下红壤中铝的活化及环境意义   总被引:8,自引:4,他引:8  
利用动态反复浸提模拟实验研究了4种红壤中固相铝的活化过程。结果表明,红壤酸化程度与土壤表面变换性铝呈正相关关系。当高强度外源H^ 输入土壤后,有机铝和无机铝均可活化。浸提初期以弱键合的有机铝活化为主,当浸提到一定程度时,弱键合有机铝亏损,无机铝活化的相对重要性显示出来。20次浸提后,宁海红壤,嵊县红壤及永春红壤的铝总活化量中无机铝占主要部分。当土壤酸化到一定程度时(如屯溪红壤)有机铝和无机铝均亏损,铝的活化量很低。酸性条件下弱键合有机铝的快速活化产生高浓度的可溶性铝以及随后的快速亏损都将对生态环境产生重要影响。  相似文献   

7.
把从大西洋洋中脊采集的无斜长石的尖晶石二辉橄缆岩和方辉橄缆岩中的单斜辉石的Na-Al^IV和Al^VI浓度与陆下和前大洋的无斜长石的尖晶石橄榄岩的数据进行了比较。单斜辉石的Al2O3含量在洋底橄缆岩组和陆下橄缆岩组中的同一范围内发生变化,从高铝至贫铝。然而,洋底橄缆岩中单斜辉石的Na含量(0.02 ̄0.6wt%Na2O)和Al^VI/Al^IV比值(0.3 ̄1)都低于陆下橄缆岩单斜辉石的Na含量(  相似文献   

8.
等离子体发射光谱法测定大气颗粒物中的无机元素   总被引:14,自引:4,他引:10  
建立了用等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)测定大气颗粒物中无机元素的分析方法,包括样品消解体系的选择,仪器的操作条件及采样滤膜的选择,产对自行采样分析测得的无机元素数据作了初步的讨论。实验结果表明:采用HNO3-HClO4消解体系,操作方便,样品消解较完全;选用石英滤膜查减低空白值,保证测定质量以及同时在一张滤膜上测定大气颗粒物中的有机碳、元素碳及无机元素;内标法可有效降低由于仪器漂移等因素对测定  相似文献   

9.
研究了在阳离子表面活性剂CTMAB存在下,Al(Ⅲ)与3,5_二溴_4_偶氮变色酸苯基荧光酮(DBACPF)的显色反应条件和光度性质。在pH60的HAc_NaAc缓冲介质中,Al(Ⅲ)与试剂形成1∶2的红色配合物,最大吸收峰位于560nm处,表观摩尔吸光系数为125×105L·mol-1·cm-1,Al(Ⅲ)的质量浓度为0~02mg/L时符合比尔定律。拟定方法用于铝黄铜及石灰石样品中铝的测定,结果与标准值相符。  相似文献   

10.
张立飞 《岩石学报》1997,13(3):406-417
利用矿物内部一致性热力学数据,建立了在CaO-Al2O3-MgO-SiO2-H2O体系中含钙铝榴石的葡萄石-绿纤石变质相平衡,确立了在葡萄石-绿纤石-钙铝榴石-绿帘石-绿泥石-石英组合中出现绿纤石-钙铝榴石共生、葡萄石-绿纤石共生、葡萄石-绿帘石共生和绿泥石-绿帘石-钙铝榴石共生的PT区间及其意义。根据该相平衡计算了新疆萨尔托海蛇绿岩中变基性岩石的葡萄石-绿纤石相变质PT条件为T=325℃~335℃,P=0.45~0.475GPa。并讨论了Fe3+=Al替代对于形成钙铝榴石-绿纤石共生的影响。本文的研究表明,葡萄石-绿纤石-钙铝榴石-绿帘石-绿泥石-石英共生组合是葡萄石-绿纤石相中偏高压组合,钙铝榴石-绿纤石共生与绿纤石-阳起石相一样代表着葡萄石-绿纤石相中较高压相,钙铝榴石在葡萄石-绿纤石相中是可以稳定存在的。  相似文献   

11.
本文用含铝矿石生产硫酸铝。在反复试验的基础上所拟定的最佳工艺流程,经建厂投产质量达标。并对工艺条件和影响质量因素进行了有效的探索。  相似文献   

12.
分光光度法测定铝的进展   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
分光光度法以仪器价廉、操作简单、快速等优点而具有广泛的实用价值,成为测定铝常用的分析方法。除原有显色体系的应用扩展外,新显色剂及新的铝光度分析体系的建立,以及各种新型分析测试技术的发展促进了铝的光度分析技术灵敏度提高、选择性增强。文章综述了国内近年来(2000-2004年)普通分光光度法、动力学分光光度法、固相及析相富集分光光度法、导数分光光度法用于测定铝的研究进展。引用文献32篇。  相似文献   

13.
方正东  汪敦佳 《矿物学报》2004,24(3):257-260
研究了铝土矿与硫酸进行加压反应制造硫酸铝的生产工艺,确立了最优工艺操作条件。当采用适当的矿粉粒度、硫酸浓度、原料配比、反应压力进行生产时,反应平稳,铝士矿的铝溶出率高。适当的矿渣洗涤次数可以使铝土矿的铝利用率得到提高。将本研究成果应用于生产实际,充分利用了矿产资源,节约了能源,从而降低了生产成本,达到了节能降耗的目的。  相似文献   

14.
Single crystals of CaAl4Si2O11 were synthesised at 1,500?°C and 14 GPa in a multi-anvil press, and the structure of the phase determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at room conditions. The structure-type is that of the “hexagonal barium ferrites”. The space group of the average structure is P6 3 /mmc and the cell parameters are a?=?5.4223(4) Å, c?=?12.7041(6) Å, V?=?323.28(5) Å3, with Z?=?2, and its density is 3.905?g?cm?3, which is reasonable for a high-pressure alumino-silicate phase. The 22 oxygen and two calcium atoms within the unit-cell form an approximate hexagonal-close-packed array. Ten of the twelve octahedral interstices within this array that have only oxygen atoms for apices are filled with Si and/or Al. M1 octahedra share edges to form a spinel-like sheet of octahedra. The average bond length ?=?1.833 Å suggests mixed occupancy by Si and Al. The M1 octahedral sheets are linked by shared corners to pairs of face-sharing M2 octahedra containing Al, with ?= 1.918 Å. The remaining two cations of the unit-cell contents statistically occupy four tetrahedrally-coordinated interstices, which occur as face-sharing pairs. The average bond length for these sites (1.742 Å) suggests that they are occupied by Al, although Si occupancy cannot be excluded by the data. It is proposed that only one interstice of each pair is locally occupied, with the possibility of some short-range ordering of such occupancies. Complete long-range order leading to the acentric space group P6 3 mc is excluded by the data, as is the possibility of the average structure being comprised of merohedral (0?0?0?1) twins of P6 3 mc symmetry.  相似文献   

15.
高岭石与碱剂作用后反应液中硅铝元素变化规律研究   总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1  
陈忠  沈明道 《矿物岩石》1997,17(3):53-58
本文系统地研究了高岭石与碱剂间的作用对反应后的液相参数进行全面测定,以查清温度,反应时间,碱性驱替剂的种类浓度等因素与液相参数和固相参数的关系。提出高岭石的非一致性溶蚀趋势,并探讨高岭石与碱性驱替剂的作用机理,丰富了化学驱油过程中化学剂与矿物作用方面的基础理论。  相似文献   

16.
广西两种三水铝石铝土矿成矿的差异性   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8  
广西2种岩溶型三水铝石铝土矿都是含三水锅石和针铁矿的大型矿床,但二者成矿过程通异。平果式铝土矿是在晚白垩世至老第三纪湿热海洋性气候下,硬水锅石被泥石流搬运至异地,经受了年积温104℃,降水量近2.0m/a的强烈大气降水淋滤。生成三水锅石贵港式原地残积矿床的更新世成矿期气温和降水量均低于前者,低水活度导致铁矿物中的赤铁矿的高含量。热力学稳定性图解显示:平果式三水铝石-针铁矿组合稳定在t=27℃,a(H2O)≥0.88的高铝体系中;贵港式针铁矿-赤铁矿组合稳定在t=22℃,a(H2O)=0.724的低铝体系中。均不含软水铝石。  相似文献   

17.
This study introduces an alkaline leaching technique for the simultaneous analysis of biogenic silica and aluminium in sediments. Measuring aluminium facilitates the discrimination between silica from the biogenic (BSiO2) and the non-biogenic fraction, because it originates almost solely from the lithogenic phase. The method was tested using fine-grained silicagel, standard clay minerals, artificial sediments, and natural samples ranging from fresh diatoms to aged sediment from different depositional settings. To determine the BSiO2 content, four different models each describing the dissolution curves, but of increasing complexity, were applied and for each different type of sample the optimum model was selected on the basis of F-test statistics. For mixtures of silicagel and clay minerals, the contribution of Si from the dissolution of clay was negligible compared to Si originating from silicagel. For natural samples with high clay content, complex dissolution curves were observed and single-phase first order dissolution was the exception. This deviation from `ideal' behavior could only be recognized because of high-resolution sampling, especially in the first 20 minutes of the experiment. For most of the samples, the distinction between the biogenic silica fraction and the silica originating from dissolution of clays could be made on the basis of the Si/Al ratios and reactivity constants of the dissolving phases calculated with the models. Clay minerals typically dissolve slowly at a Si/Al ratio close to 1–2, depending on the type of clay mineral. In contrast, biogenic silica displays a wide range of reactivities and Si/Al ratios. Fresh biogenic silica from the water column usually has a high reactivity and a low Al content. Aged biogenic silica from the sediments has a lower reactivity, but Si/Al ratios as low as 5 were found. The method as described here therefore presents an accurate method to analyze biogenic silica in marine sediments with a relatively high clay mineral content.  相似文献   

18.
为了回收大洋粘土制备白炭黑后残液中的Al3 ,并获得氧化铝超细粉体,实验选用NH3.H2O为沉淀剂,在常温下采用沉淀法使残液中Al3 以氢氧化铝形式沉淀并去除其它杂质离子,然后将得到的沉淀在1200℃灼烧,保温1h。利用IR和XRD测试了产物的物相组成和结构,证实实验可以获得纯度较高的α-Al2O3;而SEM和粒度分析结果显示产物粒度细小,部分颗粒可以达到纳米级;BET结果显示Al2O3的比表面积可达32m2/g。根据氧化铝结构和性能等优选的实验条件为大洋粘土的进一步开发利用提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

19.
Summary The complexation of aluminium(III) and silicon(IV) was studied in a simplified seawater medium (0.6 M Na(Cl)) at 25 °C. The measurements were performed as potentiometric titrations using a hydrogen electrode with OH ions being generated coulometrically. The total concentrations of Si(IV) and Al(III) respectively [Si tot ] and [Al t ot], and −log[H +] were varied within the limits 0.3 < [Si tot ] < 2.5 mM, 0.5 < [Al tot ] < 2.6 mM, and 2 ≤ -log[H +] ≤ 4.2. Within these ranges of concentration, evidence is given for the formation of an AlSiO(OH) 3 2+ complex with a formation constant log β1,1-1 = −2.75 ± 0.1 defined by the reaction Al 3++Si (OH)4AlOSi(OH) 3 2+ +H + An extrapolation of this value to I=0 gives log β1,1-1 = −2.30. The calculated value of logK (Al 3++SiO(OH) 3 AlOSi(OH) 3 2+ ) = 6.72 (I=0.6 M) can be compared with corresponding constants for the formation of AlF 2+ and AlOH 2+ , which are equal to 6.16 and 8.20. Obviously, the stability of these Al(III) complexes decreases within the series OH >SiO(OH) 3  > F   相似文献   

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