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1.
中国东部新生代玄武岩及其地幔包体的氧逸度   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  
地幔环境的氧逸度与温度和压力一样，是控制许多地幔过程的一个重要参数。本文计算了中国东部几个具有代表性地区的玄武岩和尖晶石二辉橄榄岩的氧逸度，尖晶石二辉橄榄岩的氧逸度变化不大，均位于１ｏｇ（ｆｏ２）＝ｌｏｇ（ｆｏ２ＦＭＱ）＋０．０左右，而各地区玄武岩的氧逸度却变化很大，其平均值从尚志地区的ｌｏｇ（ｆｏ２ＦＭＱ＋０．６到长白山地区的ｌｏｇ（ｆｏ２ＦＭＱ）＋３．３左右（其中东北地区钾质玄武岩的氧逸度比除尚志以外其它地区的低），并且总体具有比地幔橄榄岩高得多的氧逸度。推测钾质玄武岩和尚志地区破性玄武岩的氧逸度比中国东部其它地区玄武岩的氧逸度低的可能原因是，前二个地区的玄武岩来源于更深部的（金云母）石榴石二辉橄榄岩，而其它地区的玄武岩来源于略浅部的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩。  相似文献   

2.
由尖晶石相橄榄岩包体中的矿物化学成分，采用新近校准的ＦＦＭ地质氧逸度计和地质温－压计，计算包体的平衡氧逸度，Δｌｏｇ（ｆＯ２）ＦＭＱ＝－３．３２－０．１２，它反映了扬子地块东段大陆岩石圈地幔的氧化还原状态。两种氧逸度计计算结果相差在０．５ｌｏｇｆＯ２单位内。  相似文献   

3.
董振信  陈立辉 《岩石学报》1999,15(4):607-615
通过对我国东部北起黑龙江省南至海南省３１个产地的新生代碱性玄武岩中橄榄岩类 （纯橄岩、方辉橄榄岩及二辉橄榄岩） 包体和辉石岩类包体中的１６０ 多个尖晶石电子探针分析数据, 论述了尖晶石的Ｃｒ－Ａｌ, Ｆｅ－Ｍｇ, Ｎｉ－Ｍｇ 主元素及有关比值和端员组分之间的关系, 分析研究了不同岩类包体中尖晶石的颜色、成分及成因之间的联系。并利用所分析的有关橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石共生矿物的电子探针分析数据, 采用新的、较合理的Ｂｒｅｙ－Ｋｏｈｌｅｒ温度计及Ｋｏｈｌｅｒ－Ｂｒｅｙ 压力计和Ｂａｌｌｈａｕｓ ｅｔａｌ． 氧逸度计算方法进行了计算, 探讨了尖晶石成分与其形成温度、压力和氧逸度状态的关系, 指出了尖晶石成分所反映的地幔亏损程度及部分熔融程度的变化规律及尖晶石 （相） 稳定的温度、压力和氧逸度范围。  相似文献   

4.
在温度为１１３０－１４５０℃，压力为０．４－２．０ＧＰａ条件下，实验研究了地幔橄榄岩部分熔融及相转变（尖晶石相→斜长石相）过程中的固相化学成分演变。在部分熔融中，随熔融度的增大，橄榄石的Ｍｇ／（Ｍｇ＋Ｆｅ）＾尖晶石和斜方辉石的Ｍｇ／（Ｍｇ＋Ｆｅ）及Ｃｒ／（Ｃｒ＋Ａｌ）逐渐增大；而橄榄石中的Ｃａ含量增至单斜辉石消失后逐渐降低；尖晶石中的Ｔｉ以较低的含量（ＴｉＯ２〈０．１５％）保持不变或稍有降低；斜方  相似文献   

5.
刘金霖  李怀滨  王建  张云峰 《岩石学报》2021,37(7):2073-2085
在大兴安岭北部的诺敏和科洛地区的新生代玄武岩中发现了尖晶石相的橄榄岩包体。地幔橄榄岩中橄榄石的Mg~#说明了研究区上地幔具有部分难熔的特点。在橄榄石含量与Fo图解中,有一部分橄榄岩包体落在太古代和元古代的地幔区域,揭示了研究区的岩石圈地幔存在古老岩石圈地幔的残余。研究区方辉橄榄岩与二辉橄榄岩有显示高氧逸度值FMQ+1.95～3.01,这与一般情况下相对还原的古老岩石圈地幔的低氧逸度值形成鲜明对比,可能为古生代的古亚洲洋以及中生代的古太平洋相继俯冲到了兴蒙造山带之下,导致当时岩石圈地幔的氧化所致。在地幔包体的反应边中发现了富钾熔体(K20 1%-6%),这被认为研究区地幔经历了多期富钾流体活动,富钾流体的来源可能与俯冲再循环的壳源物质有关。  相似文献   

6.
报道了Ｌｕ－Ｈｆ同位素体系在地幔端元的地球化学研究中的部分最新应用成果。大量的大洋玄武岩Ｌｕ－Ｈｆ同位素研究表明：具亏损地幔端元（ＤＭＭ）来源的洋中脊玄武岩岩浆部分熔融的初熔区位于石留石稳定场深度,即深度为８０￣９０ｋｍ的石榴石二辉橄榄岩地幔,而不是原来所认为的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩区（深度小于６０ｋｍ）;以高放射成因Ｐｂ为特征的主Ｕ地幔端元（ＨＩＭＵ）应代表了下地幔物质在某一特定时期发生分异作用的结果  相似文献   

7.
经研究，华北克拉通古地幔以含石榴石的二辉橄榄岩、方辉橄榄岩及纯橄榄岩为主．地幔交代作用强烈，岩石富集不相容元素，明显高于南非及西澳克拉通者．扬子克拉通古地幔主元素亏损程度差，交代作用较弱，岩石为石榴石／尖晶石二辉橄榄岩．秦岭造山带壳、幔交界带的岩石类型复杂，包括蛇纹石化尖晶石二辉橄榄岩（蛇纹岩）、石榴石辉石岩、榴闪岩、变辉长岩及变玄武岩等．蛇纹岩遭受强的塑性流变，剪切变形结构发育．与克拉通相比，地幔交代作用很弱．３个地幔域的古地温状态有差异，秦岭造山带最高，扬子克拉通居中，华北克拉通最低．上述结果表明，两克拉通的古地幔特征相差显著，暗示经历了不同的演化过程．交代作用可能发生在１７００Ｍａ以前和１１００～５００Ｍａ，后者强于前者．造山带地幔的剪切变形明显强于克拉通地幔  相似文献   

8.
本文对产于我国东，南部地区新生代碱性玄武岩中尖晶石橄榄二辉岩和尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体矿物，应用离子探针（SIMS）线性分析和深度分析方法，测定Mg同位素比值。从SIMS所揭示的深源包体矿物Mg同位素组成异常现象来看，可以为进一步探讨地幔矿物的物质来源与演化提供信息。  相似文献   

9.
在温度为ｌｌ３０─ｌ４５０℃，压力为０．４─２．０ＧＰａ条件下，实验研究了地幔橄榄岩部分熔融及相转变（尖晶石相→斜长石相）过程中的固相化学成分演变。在部分熔融中，随熔融度的增大，橄榄石的Ｍｇ／（Ｍｇ＋Ｆｅ）尖晶石和斜方辉石的Ｍｇ／（Ｍｇ＋Ｆｅ）及Ｃｒ／（Ｃｒ＋Ａｌ）逐渐增大；而橄榄石中的Ｃａ含量增至单斜辉石消失后逐渐降低；尖晶石中的Ｔｉ以较低的含量（ＴｉＯ２＜０．１５％）保持不变或稍有降低；斜方辉石中的Ｔｉ含量及单斜辉石的Ｎａ和Ｔｉ含量逐渐降低，直至非常小的值。在从尖晶石橄榄岩向斜长石橄榄岩的相转变过程中，尖晶石强烈富Ｔｉ，且其Ｃｒ／（Ｃｒ＋Ａｌ）逐渐增大；斜方辉石中的Ｔｉ含量和Ｃｒ／（Ｃｒ＋Ａｌ）同时逐渐增大；单斜辉石中的Ｎａ含量降低而Ｔｉ含量升高或保持不变。当斜长石橄榄岩经受了部分熔融（即使很微弱），其在相转变过程中引起的各矿物相的化学成分特征要全部消失，而表现部分熔融作用的特征。这可作为判别橄榄岩在斜长石相域内是否经历了部分熔融的标志。关键词  相似文献   

10.
华北克拉通,扬子克拉通与秦岭造山带古地幔组成…   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  
路凤香  刘永顺 《地球科学》1997,22(3):247-251
经研究，华北克拉通古地幔以含石榴石的二辉橄榄岩、方辉橄榄岩及纯橄榄岩为主，地我代作用强烈，岩石富集不相容元素，明显高于南非及西澳克拉通者，扬子克拉通古地幔主元素亏损程度差，并代作用较弱。岩石为榴石／尖晶石二辉橄榄岩，秦岭造山带壳、幔交界带的岩石类型复杂，包括蛇纹石化尖晶石二辉橄榄石（蛇纹岩）、石榴石辉石岩、榴闪岩、变辉长岩及变玄武岩等，蛇纹岩受强的塑性流变，剪切有结构发育，与克拉通相比，地幔交代作  相似文献   

11.
Using the secondary spinel standard, the authors have precisely measured the Fe3+/∑ Fe values of spinels in mantle xenoliths from Cenozoic basalts in eastern China, and estimated the oxygen fugacities recorded by 63 mantle xenoliths through olivine-orthopyroxene-spinel oxygen barometry. The results indicate that the oxygen fugacities of the lithospheric mantle in eastern China are higher in the south than in the north. Among them, the oxygen fugacity of the North China craton lithospheric mantle is the lowest, similar to that of the oceanic mantle, while that of Northeast and South China are the same as that of the global continental mantle. The variations of mantle redox state in eastern China are mainly controlled by the C-O-H fluids derived from the asthenospheric mantle. According to the mantle oxidation state, it can be concluded that the C-O-H fluids in the lithospheric mantle of eastern China consist mainly of CO2 and minor H2O, but CH4-rich fluids should come from the asthenosphere where the ox  相似文献   

12.
Oxidation state of mantle xenoliths from British Columbia,Canada   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
Mössbauer spectra for 17 spinels separated from mantle xenoliths from six different eruptive centers in southern British Columbia, Canada were measured in an effort to accurately determine their Fe3+/total Fe ratios, and to examine lateral and vertical variations in oxygen fugacities (f o2's) calculated for these samples using published thermobarometric methods. Spectra acquired at 298 and 77 K suggest that both Fe2+ and Fe3+ are tetrahedrally coordinated in lherzolite spinels from this alkaline province. Calculatedf o2's for spinel lherzolites from British Columbia range from about 0.5 to 1.5 log units below the fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) oxygen buffer at 15 kbar using the thermobarometric method of O'Neill and Wall. Thesef o2's are on average more reducing than those reported for the upper mantle beneath the Massif Central and Japanese Arc and fall within the range for fresh MORB glasses and for lherzolite xenoliths from the southwestern United States and Mongolia. Significant variations inf o2 between samples from different eruptive centers with varying ages are absent, indicating that the oxidation state of the upper mantle was not affected by Cenozoic magmatism within this alkaline province.  相似文献   

13.
Ultramafic xenoliths of garnet lherzolite (?rare spinel), spinellherzolites, spinel harzburgites, clinopyroxenites, and clinopyroxenemegacrysts were collected from Cenozoic basalts in all partsof eastern China. From their modal composition and mineral chemistryall the xenoliths may be placed into three types representing:a fertile or more primitive mantle (garnet lherzolite and spinellherzolite), a refractory or more depleted mantle (spinel harzburgiteand dunite), and inclusions cognate with the host alkali basaltsat mantle pressures (pyroxenite and megacrysts). There are systematicdifferences between the mineral compositions of each type. Spinelshows a wide compositional range and the spinel cr-number [100Cr/(Cr + Al)] is a significant indicator of the xenolithtype. Spinel cr-number and Al2O3 of coexisting minerals (spinel,clinopyroxene, and orthopyroxene) are useful as refractory indicatorsfor spinel peridotite in that the cr-number increases and thepercentage of Al2O3 decreases with increasing degrees of melting.In garnet peridotite, however, the same functions vary withpressure, not degree of melting. According to P–T estimates,the various xenoliths were derived from a large range of depthsin the upper mantle: spinel peridotite from approximately 11to 22 kb (37–66 km), spinel/garnet lherzolite from 19to 24 kb (62–80 km), and garnet lherzolite from 24 to25 kb (79–83 km). We conclude that the uppermost mantlebeneath eastern China is heterogeneous, with a north-northeastzone of more depleted mantle lying beneath the continental marginand a more primitive mantle occurring towards the continentalinterior.  相似文献   

14.
ULTRAMAFIC XENOLITHS FROM A KAMAFUGITE LAVA IN CENOZOIC VOLCANIC FIELD OF WEST QINLING, CHINA AND ITS GEOLOGICAL IMPLICATION  相似文献   

15.
The redox state of subduction zones: insights from arc-peridotites   总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23  
Spinel peridotites from a variety of island arcs have been utilised to calculate the redox state of the mantle wedge above subduction zones. Oxygen fugacities (fO2 values) calculated from the ferric iron content of spinels, measured by Electron Microprobe (EMP) using secondary standards [Wood, B.J., Virgo, D., 1989. Upper mantle oxidation state: ferric iron contents of lherzolite spinels by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and resultant oxygen fugacities. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 53, 1277–1291.], yield values which range from 0.3 to 2.0 above the fayalite–magnetite–quartz (FMQ) buffer. These data provide further evidence that the mantle wedge is ubiquitously oxidised relative to oceanic and ancient cratonic mantle. There is no correlation between fO2 values and the presence of hydrous phases and, in fact, the most oxidised samples contain no hydrous phases. Within individual suites there is no correlation between fO2 and degree of depletion as indicated by spinel Cr#, except for a suite of reacted forearc-peridotites. However, when the data is viewed as a whole there is broad a positive correlation between fO2 and spinel Cr# suggesting that partial melting processes may influence the redox state of the mantle wedge. We suggest that the ultimate source of the oxygen which oxidises the mantle wedge is from the subducted slab. It is not clear whether this oxidising agent is a solute-rich hydrous fluid or a water-bearing silicate melt. However, our data does indicate that silicate melts are effective oxidisers of the depleted shallow upper mantle. Simple mass balance calculations based on the ferric iron content of primitive subduction zone magmas indicates that the source region must contain 0.6–1.0 wt.% Fe2O3. This amount of Fe2O3 in a fertile spinel peridotite yields an oxygen fugacity of 0.5–1.7 log units above FMQ in the IAB source. If water is the sole oxidising agent in the mantle wedge then 0.030–0.075 wt.% H2O is required which is considerably less than the 0.25% H2O envisaged by Stolper and Newman [Stolper, E.M., Newman, S., 1994. The role of water in the petrogenesis of Mariana trough magmas. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 121, 293–325.], suggesting water is not necessarily an efficient oxidising agent. Alternatively, ferric iron may be added to the mantle wedge by addition of a ferric iron-rich sediment melt or more likely as a solute-rich hydrous fluid. This model would produce spinel, orthopyroxene or amphibole in the wedge with only a slight increase in fO2 of the source region. Although it is unclear which model is correct the maximum fO2 of the fertile mantle wedge is unlikely to be above FMQ+2 and therefore some decompression melting in the mantle wedge is required to explain the higher fO2 values of primitive arc lavas than arc-peridotites.  相似文献   

16.
The Tertiary volcanic rocks of the central and the eastern parts of the Oman Mountains consist mainly of basanites with abundant upper mantle ultramafic xenoliths. The lavas are alkaline (42–43 wt.% SiO2; 3.5–5.5 wt.% Na2O + K2O). They include primitive (11–14 wt.% MgO) features with strong OIB-like geochemical signatures. Trace element and Sr–Nd isotope data for the basanites suggest mixing of melts derived from variable degrees of melting of both garnet- and spinel lherzolite-facies mantle source. The associated xenolith suite consists mainly of spinel and Cr-bearing diopside wehrlite, lherzolite and dunite with predominantly granuloblastic textures. No significant difference in chemistry was found between the basanites and xenoliths from the central and eastern Oman Mountains, which indicate a similar mantle source. Calculated oxygen fugacity indicates equilibration of the xenoliths at − 0.43 to − 2.2 log units above the fayalite–magnetite–quartz (FMQ) buffer. Mantle xenolith equilibration temperatures range from 910–1045 + 50 °C at weakly constrained pressures between 13 and 21 kbar. Xenolith data and geophysical studies indicate that the Moho is located at a depth of  40 km. A geotherm substantially hotter (90 mW m− 2) than the crust–mantle boundary (45 mW m− 2) is indicated and probably relates to tectonothermal events associated with the local and regional Tertiary magmatism. The petrogenesis of the Omani Tertiary basanites is explained by partial melting of an asthenospheric mantle protolith during an extension phase predating opening of the Gulf of Aden and plume-related alkaline volcanic rocks.  相似文献   

17.
The paper discusses the results of mineralogical and petrographic studies of spinel lherzolite xenoliths and clinopyroxene megacrysts in basalt from the Jixia region related to the central zone of Cenozoic basaltic magmatism of southeastern China. Spinel lherzolite is predominantly composed of olivine (Fo89.6–90.4), orthopyroxene (Mg# = 90.6–92.7), clinopyroxene (Mg# = 90.3–91.9), and chrome spinel (Cr# = 6.59–14.0). According to the geochemical characteristics, basalt of the Jixia region is similar to OIB with asthenospheric material as a source. The following equilibrium temperatures and pressures were obtained for spinel peridotite: 890–1269°C and 10.4–14.8 kbar. Mg# of olivine and Cr# of chrome spinel are close to the values in rocks of the enriched mantle. It is evident from analysis of the textural peculiarities of spinel lherzolite that basaltic melt interacted with mantle rocks at the xenolith capture stage. Based on an analysis of the P–T conditions of the formation of spinel peridotite and clinopyroxene megacrysts, we show that mantle xenoliths were captured in the course of basaltic magma intrusion at a significantly lower depth than the area of partial melting. However, capture of mantle xenoliths was preceded by low-degree partial melting at an earlier stage.  相似文献   

18.
The oxygen fugacities of 48 mantle xenoliths from 5 localities in southern Siberia (USSR) and Mongolia have been determined. Ferric iron contents of spinels were measured by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and oxygen fugacities calculated from spinel-olivineorthopyroxene equilibrium. The samples studied represent the major types of upper mantle lithologies including spinel and garnet peridotites and pyroxenites, fertile and depleted peridotites and anhydrous and metasomatized samples which come from diverse tectonic settings. Extensive geochemical and isotope data are also available for these samples. Oxygen fugacity values for most central Asian xenoliths fall within the range observed in peridotite xenoliths from other continental regions at or slightly below the FMQ buffer. However, xenoliths from the Baikal rift zone are the most reduced among xenoliths for which Mössbauer data on spinels are available. They yield fO2 values similar to those in oceanic peridotites and MORBs, while xenoliths in other occurrences have higher fO2s. In general, the continental lithosperic mantle is more oxidized than MORB-like oceanic mantle. This difference seems to be due to incorporation of oxidized material into some parts of the subcontinental mantle as a result of subduction of oceanic crust. Garnet- and garnet-spinel lherzolites from the Baikal rift area have slightly higher oxygen fugacities than shallower spinel lherzolites. Oxygen fugacity does not appear to be correlated with the degree of depletion of peridotites, and its values in peridotites and pyroxenites are very much alike, suggesting that partial melting (at least at moderate degrees) takes place at essentially the same fO2s that are now recorded by the residual material. Modally (amphibole- and phlogopitebearing) and cryptically metasomatized xenoliths from the Baikal rift zone give the same fO2 values as depleted anhydrous peridotites, suggesting that solid-melt-fluid reactions in the continental rift mantle also take place without substantial change in redox state. This is in contrast to other tectonic environments where metasomatism appears to be associated with oxidation.  相似文献   

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