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喀腊大湾铜矿大地构造位置属塔里木板块塔里木古陆缘地块红柳沟-拉配泉奥陶纪裂谷带,矿床位于阿尔金北缘断裂带南侧、喀腊达坂断裂与喀腊大湾断裂交汇部位。矿体产于蓟县系卓阿布拉克组火山岩地层中,是一个以铜为主,共(伴)生铅锌的火山岩型硫化物矿床。综合本区地质及地球物理、地球化学特征,总结该类矿床找矿标志,为该地区寻找蓟县系海相火山岩中块状硫化物矿床指明方向。 相似文献
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阿尔金山喀腊大湾铁矿田位于北东向阿尔金走滑断裂与东西向阿尔金北缘断裂所夹持的地区。通过对已有铁矿床地质特征的研究,确认喀腊大湾地区铁矿床属于火山沉积型,因此,铁矿床具有成带状分布的特点,由八八铁矿床、八八西铁矿床、7914铁矿床、7915铁矿床、7918铁矿床和7910铁矿床共同构成喀腊大湾铁矿田。铁矿田范围内的地层以向北陡倾的单斜层为主,倾角75~88°;仅矿田西段八八西铁矿床、八八铁矿床一带沿走向发生直立陡倾伏(背斜)褶皱,可见地层和含矿岩系局部发生褶皱重复,形成铁矿带和含矿层位呈横卧"勾"状形态。铁矿床的产出严格受火山沉积岩系的特定层位和岩性控制,即铁矿床均产在卓阿布拉克组第三亚组第一岩性段(下部玄武岩段)的上部,其北侧为卓阿布拉克组第三亚组第二岩性段(大理岩段)标志层。与铁矿床关系密切的中基性火山岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为(517±7)Ma,显示该套火山沉积岩系中基性火山岩的时代为早古生代晚寒武世,因此,铁矿床的形成(火山-沉积)时代为晚寒武世。铁矿床形成之后主要发生2期地质构造事件,其一是发生了构造变形,致使铁矿体及含铁岩系均呈陡立状态,并形成褶皱;其二是中酸性岩浆侵入活动,使已经形成的铁矿床受到中酸性侵入岩的吞食破坏,并发生接触变质矽卡岩化改造。矽卡岩化改造时代为早奥陶世末期(辉钼矿铼锇等时线年龄480 Ma)。 相似文献
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阿尔金喀腊大湾地区中酸性火山岩SHRIMP年龄及其构造环境 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
阿尔金山喀腊大湾地区位于北东向阿尔金走滑断裂北侧与东西向阿尔金北缘断裂所夹持的区域,是区域上红柳沟-拉配泉构造带的中段。该区广泛发育火山-沉积岩系,前人将其确定为中元古代。本文运用锆石SHRIMP U-Pb方法对区内火山-沉积岩系中的中酸性火山岩进行测年,获得477~485Ma的年龄,确认喀腊大湾地区早古生代中酸性岩浆喷发活动的存在。同时根据岩石地球化学研究,显示这套火山岩具有活动大陆边缘(岛弧)构造环境,其岩浆源具有I型及I与S过渡类型特点。结合前人对红柳沟-拉配泉一带的蛇绿混杂岩、高压变质泥岩、榴辉岩、中酸性侵入岩等相关年代资料及构造环境示踪,作者认为喀腊大湾地区中酸性火山岩形成于活动大陆边缘(岛弧)大地构造环境,其时限与蛇绿混杂岩的末期非常接近,代表了洋壳俯冲碰撞过程中形成的同碰撞中酸性火山岩。据此可以将区域上红柳沟-拉配泉一带的构造演化划分为洋壳扩张期(晚元古代末-寒武纪,蛇绿混杂岩年龄510~580Ma,但扩张起始会早一些)、洋壳板块俯冲碰撞期(早奥陶世-中奥陶世早期,中酸性岩浆岩(包括侵入岩和火山岩)年龄为477~488 Ma(部分花岗岩年龄延迟到467Ma左右),以及高压变质岩的退变质年龄479~491Ma),碰撞后伸展期(晚奥陶世—志留纪,蛇绿混杂岩变质基质岩系的变质年龄450~455Ma,代表蛇绿混杂岩最后就位,碰撞—碰撞后S型碱性花岗岩年龄417~431Ma,代表碰撞后伸展构造环境)三个演化阶段。 相似文献
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阿尔金山喀腊达坂一带火山成因块状硫化物型铅锌矿床地质特征及找矿前景 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
阿尔金山北缘喀腊达坂地区位于红柳沟-拉配泉弧后盆地(裂谷)内,中酸性火山岩及近东西向断裂构造十分发育,在喀腊达坂断裂分布的褐铁矿化、黄钾铁矾蚀变带内已发现多处地质特征相似的铅锌矿床;通过分析喀腊达坂铅锌矿床地质特征,认为该区铅锌矿床均属火山成因块状硫化物型;。分析了该区的控矿因素,总结了找矿标志,认为该区硫化物型铅锌矿具有优越的成矿条件和巨大的找矿前景。 相似文献
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合理划分成矿区带对矿产资源预测评价和勘查具有指导价值,而正确认识构造单元性质和成矿时期的构造环境是成矿带划分的重要前提。本文从地质建造、地球物理、卫星遥感等多角度全面分析了阿尔金山的内部组成及其边界断裂特征,认为阿尔金山原属于南塔里木地块的组成部分,阿尔金造山带是在古老地块基础上活化以后形成的特殊造山带,其特点明显不同于秦祁昆造山系,阿尔金成矿带应划归塔里木成矿省。阿尔金成矿带可进一步划分为三个次级成矿单元:红柳沟-喀腊大湾(裂谷)成矿亚带主要形成海相火山岩型铅锌矿、火山-沉积变质型铁矿;阿尔金(陆缘地块)成矿亚带主要形成石棉矿和玉石矿;迪木那里克-苏巴里克(裂陷槽)成矿亚带则以沉积变质型铁矿和石棉矿为主。 相似文献
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阿尔金北缘喀腊达坂火山岩型铅锌矿床研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
火山成因块状硫化物矿床越来越受到重视,喀腊达坂铅锌矿位于北东向阿尔金走滑断裂与东西向阿尔金北缘断裂夹持的喀腊大湾地区,是阿尔金北缘红柳沟—拉配泉金、铜、铁及多金属成矿带中唯一大型铅锌矿床。矿区主要出露奥陶系下统卓阿布拉克组火山沉积岩系,呈近东西走向,以向北中等角度倾斜的单斜层为特点,倾角30°~58°;矿化严格受火山沉积岩特定层位和岩性控制,即矿体均产于卓阿布拉克组第四亚组的中酸性火山岩(流纹岩、英安熔岩、英安质晶屑凝灰岩)中,矿体具有层状、似层状特点,产状稳定延伸大;最大矿体走向延伸超过2400m,倾向延深大于900m。主要有用组分Pb、Zn,伴生有用组分Cu、Au、Ag、S等。主要蚀变类型有黄铁矿化、硅化、绢云母化,地表氧化带形成黄钾铁钒化和褐铁矿化。矿石平均铅同位素组成为~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb=38.1169、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.6278、~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb=18.4684,显示矿石的铅具有上地壳铅和造山带铅的混合来源;矿石硫同位素组成平均+8.28‰,代表了海相沉积岩来源的硫与岩浆岩来源硫的混合;矿石稀土元素配分曲线与矿区及喀腊大湾地区中酸性火山岩的稀土元素配分曲线具有一致性或者相似,说明矿石与含矿中酸性火山岩具有一致的成因与来源;矿石微量元素特征显示Nb、Ta负异常与Ba的正异常,反映出存在海相沉积岩物质的混入,并具有岛弧成矿构造环境。含矿火山岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄482~485Ma,代表了矿床的形成时代为早古生代早奥陶世。综合喀腊达坂铅锌矿地质地球化学特征的研究,确认其属于火山成因块状硫化物矿床(VMS型)。所以,喀腊达坂铅锌矿成矿过程可以概括为:在早古生代奥陶纪早期北阿尔金洋发生向南的板块俯冲,板块俯冲作用导致俯冲带下盘的洋壳及其上的海相沉积物和俯冲带上盘的陆壳发生部分熔融,形成了中酸性岛弧型岩浆;在岩浆喷发的晚期,逐渐形成富含铅锌成矿物质的残余岩浆;当这些富含铅锌的残余岩浆发生喷发,最终形成了火山成因岩块状硫化物型铅锌矿床。火山岩型铅锌多金属矿床是阿尔金北缘喀腊大湾地区南带最重要勘查和预测类型,该火山岩型矿化带的西延区段是有利的找矿靶区。 相似文献
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阿尔金山阿北银铅矿控矿构造特征与矿床成因初探 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
阿北银铅矿位于新疆若羌县境内,是阿尔金山东段地区近年来新发现的中型多金属矿床之一,在区域构造上位于NE向阿尔金走滑断裂北侧与EW向阿尔金北缘断裂所夹持的区域。该矿区的控矿构造出露于早古生代二长花岗岩中,是叠加在韧性变形基础上发育起来的韧脆性断裂破碎带,在平面和剖面上均表现为弧形裂隙夹透镜状花岗岩岩块的结构特点。韧脆性断裂破碎带是阿北银铅矿重要的控矿构造,其形态、规模、产状和分布控制着矿体的形态、规模、产状和分布。硫同位素组成特征显示出硫源很可能是海相沉积岩来源的硫与岩浆岩来源硫的混合;铅同位素组成显示其来源于上地壳;氢、氧同位素特点反映出成矿流体以岩浆水为主,并有少量大气降水混入。结合构造演化和构造控矿特征进行分析,认为该矿床是受韧脆性裂隙控制的、与早古生代中-晚期红柳沟-拉配泉弧后盆地封闭碰撞作用伴生的中-酸性岩浆活动有关的岩浆热液型矿床。 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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《Chemical Geology》2007,236(1-2):13-26
We examined the coprecipitation behavior of Ti, Mo, Sn and Sb in Ca–Al–Mg fluorides under two different fluoride forming conditions: at < 70 °C in an ultrasonic bath (denoted as the ultrasonic method) and at 245 °C using a Teflon bomb (denoted as the bomb method). In the ultrasonic method, small amounts of Ti, Mo and Sn coprecipitation were observed with 100% Ca and 100% Mg fluorides. No coprecipitation of Ti, Mo, Sn and Sb in Ca–Al–Mg fluorides occurred when the sample was decomposed by the bomb method except for 100% Ca fluoride. Based on our coprecipitation observations, we have developed a simultaneous determination method for B, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Sb, Hf and Ta by Q-pole type ICP-MS (ICP-QMS) and sector field type ICP-MS (ICP-SFMS). 9–50 mg of samples with Zr–Mo–Sn–Sb–Hf spikes were decomposed by HF using the bomb method and the ultrasonic method with B spike. The sample was then evaporated and re-dissolved into 0.5 mol l− 1 HF, followed by the removal of fluorides by centrifuging. B, Zr, Mo, Sn, Sb and Hf were measured by ID method. Nb and Ta were measured by the ID-internal standardization method, based on Nb/Mo and Ta/Mo ratios using ICP-QMS, for which pseudo-FI was developed and applied. When 100% recovery yields of Zr and Hf are expected, Nb/Zr and Ta/Hf ratios may also be used. Ti was determined by the ID-internal standardization method, based on the Ti/Nb ratio from ICP-SFMS. Only 0.053 ml sample solution was required for measurement of all 9 elements. Dilution factors of ≤ 340 were aspirated without matrix effects. To demonstrate the applicability of our method, 4 carbonaceous chondrites (Ivuna, Orgueil, Cold Bokkeveld and Allende) as well as GSJ and USGS silicate reference materials of basalts, andesites and peridotites were analyzed. Our analytical results are consistent with previous studies, and the mean reproducibility of each element is 1.0–4.6% for basalts and andesites, and 6.7–11% for peridotites except for TiO2. 相似文献
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S. M. Moosavirad J. Rasouli M. R. Janardhana M. R. Moghadam M. Shankara 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(10):3623-3634
This paper discusses the result of the detailed investigations carried out on the coal characteristics, including coal petrography and its geochemistry of the Pabedana region. A total of 16 samples were collected from four coal seams d2, d4, d5, and d6 of the Pabedana underground mine which is located in the central part of the Central-East Iranian Microcontinent. These samples were reduced to four samples through composite sampling of each seam and were analyzed for their petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical compositions. Proximate analysis data of the Pabedana coals indicate no major variations in the moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon contents in the coals of different seams. Based on sulfur content, the Pabedana coals may be classified as low-sulfur coals. The low-sulfur contents in the Pabedana coal and relatively low proportion of pyritic sulfur suggest a possible fresh water environment during the deposition of the peat of the Pabedana coal. X-ray diffraction and petrographic analyses indicate the presence of pyrite in coal samples. The Pabedana coals have been classified as a high volatile, bituminous coal in accordance with the vitrinite reflectance values (58.75–74.32 %) and other rank parameters (carbon, calorific value, and volatile matter content). The maceral analysis and reflectance study suggest that the coals in all the four seams are of good quality with low maceral matter association. Mineralogical investigations indicate that the inorganic fraction in the Pabedana coal samples is dominated by carbonates; thus, constituting the major inorganic fraction of the coal samples. Illite, kaolinite, muscovite, quartz, feldspar, apatite, and hematite occur as minor or trace phases. The variation in major elements content is relatively narrow between different coal seams. Elements Sc,, Zr, Ga, Ge, La, As, W, Ce, Sb, Nb, Th, Pb, Se, Tl, Bi, Hg, Re, Li, Zn, Mo, and Ba show varying negative correlation with ash yield. These elements possibly have an organic affinity and may be present as primary biological concentrations either with tissues in living condition and/or through sorption and formation of organometallic compounds. 相似文献
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Most sulfide-rich magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits form in dynamic magmatic systems by partial melting S-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren to weakly-mineralized immiscible Fe sulfide xenomelts into which Ni-Cu-Co-PGE partition from the magma. Some exceptionally-thick magmatic Cr deposits may form by partial melting oxide-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of the miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren Fe ± Ti oxide xenocrysts into which Cr-Mg-V ± Ti partition from the magma. The products of these processes are variably preserved as skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles, which play important to critical roles in ore genesis, transport, localization, and/or modification. Incorporation of barren xenoliths/autoliths may induce small amounts of sulfide/chromite to segregate, but incorporation of sulfide xenomelts or oxide xenocrysts with dynamic upgrading of metal tenors (PGE > Cu > Ni > Co and Cr > V > Ti, respectively) is required to make significant ore deposits. Silicate xenomelts are only rarely preserved, but will be variably depleted in chalcophile and ferrous metals. Less dense felsic xenoliths may aid upward sulfide transport by increasing the effective viscosity and decreasing the bulk density of the magma. Denser mafic or metamorphosed xenoliths may also increase the effective viscosity of the magma, but may aid downward sulfide transport by increasing the bulk density of the magma. Sulfide wets olivine, so olivine xenocrysts may act as filter beds to collect advected finely dispersed sulfide droplets, but other silicates and xenoliths may not be wetted by sulfides. Xenovolatiles may retard settling of – or in some cases float – dense sulfide droplets. Reactions of sulfide melts with felsic country rocks may generate Fe-rich skarns that may allow sulfide melts to fractionate to more extreme Cu-Ni-rich compositions. Xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles are more likely to be preserved in cooler basaltic magmas than in hotter komatiitic magmas, and are more likely to be preserved in less dynamic (less turbulent) systems/domain/phases than in more dynamic (more turbulent) systems/domains/phases. Massive to semi-massive Ni-Cu-PGE and Cr mineralization and xenoliths are often localized within footwall embayments, dilations/jogs in dikes, throats of magma conduits, and the horizontal segments of dike-chonolith and dike-sill complexes, which represent fluid dynamic traps for both ascending and descending sulfides/oxides. If skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and/or xenovolatiles are present, they provide important constraints on ore genesis and they are valuable exploration indicators, but they must be included in elemental and isotopic mass balance calculations. 相似文献