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造山带内海山/洋岛残片的识别是确定古缝合带和古洋盆存在的直接地质证据。祁连造山带被普遍认为是原特提斯洋盆俯冲和闭合的产物,然而南祁连地区是否存在古洋盆长期存在争议。通过对拉脊山关键地段早古生代岩石开展大比例尺地质填图和室内综合研究,在青沙山和东沟地区识别出连续的由洋岛型枕状玄武岩、火山碎屑岩、泥岩、凝灰岩和灰岩组成的火山-沉积组合序列,它们分别呈构造窗和构造残片产出,是拉脊山增生杂岩的重要组成部分,代表中寒武世—早奥陶世原特提斯洋内海山残片。这些海山残片的识别不仅表明拉脊山地区存在早古生代洋盆和缝合带,同时为造山带古洋盆构造演化研究提供了新思路。 相似文献
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板内洋岛-海山残片是造山带“洋壳残片”的重要组成部分,对恢复造山带所代表的古洋盆的构造演化具有重要意义.然而,如何在造山带中识别板内洋岛-海山残片并通过其恢复古洋盆的构造演化等问题并不清楚.在综述现今板内洋岛-海山的岩石层序、岩浆岩类型、地球化学和同位素特征等的基础上,结合对青藏高原班公湖-怒江缝合带数个板内洋岛-海山残片研究的成果,初步总结了造山带板内洋岛-海山残片的识别标志及其地质意义、时代的确定方法等基础地质问题.板内洋岛-海山记录了丰富的洋盆演化信息,且是大洋俯冲消亡时最易保存的地质体.因此,在古洋盆构造演化的恢复中,对造山带板内洋岛-海山残片的研究至关重要. 相似文献
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东昆仑南缘布青山构造混杂岩带的地质特征
及大地构造意义 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
在1∶50000地质填图的基础上,运用详细的野外剖面测制、岩石组合分析、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年等研究手段,将东昆仑南缘布青山构造混杂岩划分为基质和构造混杂岩块。构造混杂岩块包括变质基底岩块、洋壳型岩块和岛弧型岩块。其中,洋壳型混杂岩块又细分为早古生代蛇绿岩(516.4Ma±6.3Ma)、晚古生代蛇绿岩(332.8Ma±3.1Ma)和海山/洋岛玄武岩;岛弧型混杂岩块细分为加里东期中酸性侵入岩岩块(441.1Ma±6.3Ma)和火山熔岩岩块。建立了东昆仑南缘布青山构造混杂岩带2套典型的古洋盆扩张、俯冲消减的物质组合,分别代表东原特提斯洋和东古特提斯洋的形成与演化,从而为研究东特提斯洋演化的进程提供了新证据。 相似文献
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青海沱沱河地区乌石峰蛇绿混杂岩位于西金乌兰-风火山逆冲带中。通过对其岩石学和全岩地球化学研究,探讨了蛇绿混杂岩的构造类型及其形成环境。晚古生代乌石峰蛇绿构造混杂岩的岩石组合以及蛇绿混杂岩中玄武岩类岩石(主要为辉绿岩及辉长岩)的地球化学特征对构造环境的指示表明:其地球化学特征与MORB相似,超基性岩和基性岩形成于大洋板内环境与洋中脊环境的复合构造环境中。是古特提斯洋洋盆残片,体现了古特提斯洋壳的闭合位置,是古特提斯洋在早二叠世末闭合过程中形成的增生楔的一部分。 相似文献
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柴达木北缘古生代蛇绿岩及其构造意义 总被引：29，自引：1，他引：29
柴达木北缘古生代奥陶纪期间具有大洋构造环境，该蛇绿构造混杂带中浅变质大洋拉斑玄武岩—辉长岩—角闪片岩—榴辉岩代表了不同俯冲深度上的古洋壳残片，它们与洋岛火山岩和蛇绿岩残片均是恢复和鉴别古大洋环境的重要标志 相似文献
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秦岭造山带与原特提斯洋、占特提斯洋扩张作用同步,于震旦世至早奥陶世阿伦尼克期、泥盆纪至早三叠世分别以商丹洋和勉略洋(海)为中心发生两次洋、陆扩张运动,实现了华北板块与扬子板块之间以及各自板缘带的全面裂解破碎,从而形成复杂而不规则的板缘构造带。在主造山期继商丹古洋盆和勉略古洋(海)盆扩张之后分别于早奥陶世、早三叠世晚期开始转变为俯冲消减,并先后于晚古生代末期和中、晚二叠世实现拼合造由,由于商丹古洋壳俯冲消减受到勉略古洋盆同时期的扩张作用影响,秦岭造山带之中的华北板块与扬子板块碰撞过程首先表现为板缘区南方的微地块(或微板块)与北方华北板 相似文献
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内蒙古温都尔庙和巴彦敖包-交其尔蛇绿岩的元素与同位素地球化学：对古亚洲洋东部地幔域特征的限制 总被引：2，自引：5，他引：2
内蒙古中部发育的三条蛇绿岩带是华北板块和西伯利亚板块之间的缝合带。本文系统研究了其中的温都尔庙和巴彦敖包-交其尔两个蛇绿岩带中变质玄武岩的元素和 Sr、Nd、Pb 同位素地球化学。苏右旗温都尔庙碱性玄武岩为轻稀土富集型;岩石具有板内和大陆裂谷区玄武岩的特征,可能代表了600Ma 左右,温都尔庙地区开始发育的新洋盆。采自苏左旗的巴彦敖包-交其尔玄武岩分为两类,一类呈现轻稀土富集型,呈洋岛玄武岩特征;另一类具有明显的 Nb、Ta 负异常,显示大洋岛弧玄武岩特征,洋岛玄武岩的存在表明古亚洲洋曾经发育洋盆,大洋岛弧玄武岩的存在表明古亚洲洋内部有大洋岩石圈之间的俯冲。将本文的古亚洲洋洋岛玄武岩与中国西南地区的特提斯洋岛玄武岩进行系统的元素和同位素地球化学特征对比表明,古亚洲洋的洋岛玄武岩显示高 U/Pb(HU)和北大西洋和太平洋省的特征,而特提斯洋岛玄武岩属于印度洋省。这些说明古亚洲洋地幔域与特提斯地幔域是两个独立的构造域,它们代表了长期演化的两个不同的地幔地球化学域。 相似文献
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以四川和云南晚二叠世-早三叠世形成的峨嵋山玄武岩和同期形成的龙门山、墨江辉绿玢岩为主要研究对象,结合与勉略、三江蛇绿岩套内的玄武岩的对比,从岩石的化学成分、稀土元素和微量元素的含量和特征比值分析,提出晚古生代扬子陆块西缘的基性岩浆活动经历了由特提斯洋壳俯冲诱发陆块内玄武岩浆的发生、洋壳消减和陆块内大规模玄武岩浆喷发及局部小规模岩浆活动的萎缩消亡3个发展演化阶段.扬子陆块内玄武岩浆主要来源于正常或富集型地幔,在发生和萎缩阶段部分岩浆源自亏损型地幔.扬子陆块西缘晚古生代时期的基性岩浆活动是全球岩石圈构造活动的局域表现,与特提斯洋的俯冲-封闭有直接联系. 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
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Michel Westphal Mikhail L. Bazhenov Jean Paul Lauer Diamar M. Pechersky Jean-Claude Sibuet 《Tectonophysics》1986,123(1-4)
We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies. 相似文献