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基于GIS的分组数据Logistic模型在斜坡稳定性评价中的应用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
分组数据Logistic回归是针对因变量为定性变量、自变量为分类变量的一种解决方案,加权最小二乘法可用来求解该方程.将巫山县新城西区作为试验区,选取岩性、坡度、高程、地下水位埋深、距最近有影响构造线距离5种因素为斜坡稳定性影响因素,以试验区历史滑坡发生为因变量,建立了区域斜坡稳定性评价的分组数据Logistic回归方程,进行了回归方程显著性检验和回归系数显著性检验,最后利用回归方程对全区斜坡稳定性进行预测.模型拟合精度为:以滑坡发生概率0.157 9为判据,滑坡发生样本的判对率为72.55%,滑坡不发生样本的判对率为79.69%. 相似文献
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对Bayes逐步判别法在矿井突水水源判别中的应用进行研究分析。选用六大常规离子（ Ca2＋、Mg2＋、K＋＋Na＋、SO42-、Cl-、HCO3-）作为判别因子,建立Bayes逐步判别分析模型,以内蒙唐家汇矿区突水水源判别为例,在建立的判别模型回判检验准确率仅60%,分析原因可能与选定的特征判别因子对该矿区水样分类影响能力较弱有关。增加总硬度、碱度、PH值和矿化度作为判别因子,重新建立Bayes判别分析模型,使回判准确率提高至90%,证明适当增加特征判别因子对改善Bayes逐步判别模型的可靠性和稳定性有利。经对唐家会矿区的3个未知样本进行了判别分析,并与距离判别法和模糊综合评判法判别结果对比,结果表明Bayes逐步判别模型准确性较好,判别准确率与距离判别结果完全相同,而优于模糊综合评判方法。在合理选取特征判别因子的情况下,Bayes逐步判别法是目前矿井突水水源判别的有效方法。 相似文献
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以紫云县重点区域为例,通过划分斜坡单元作为评价单元,运用AHP-信息量模型,结合GIS分析建立了基于斜坡单元尺度的重点区域地质灾害风险评价体系。通过选取符合区域孕灾地质条件及地质灾害形成机理的坡度、坡高、地层、斜坡结构、河流距离、构造距离、降雨、人类工程活动等评价因子对重点区域进行地质灾害危险性评价,最后通过叠加易损性评价结果形成不同降雨频率下的地质灾害风险评价成果。基于斜坡单元尺度AHP-信息量模型的地质灾害风险评价相较栅格法和传统信息量法,避免了夸大平坝区及无人区地质灾害风险等级的不合理结果,其充分考虑了评价因子在评价体系中的重要程度及影响情况,且增加了相似孕灾条件下的地质灾害样本以确定信息量值,经验证评价结果准确可靠,同时其成果能做到以斜坡为单元开展地质灾害精准防治。 相似文献
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应用GIS技术建立了云南省各类岩土体类型的容重、内聚力、内摩擦角等力学指标和地形参数的空间数据库,将研究区按1km×1km精度进行栅格剖分,基于Newmark斜坡稳定性计算模型和GIS技术分析工具,完成了云南省区域斜坡稳定性评价图的编制. 相似文献
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将场地斜坡稳定随机模拟分析结果与区域斜坡空间不稳定性预测结合起来,基于层次分析建立了区域斜坡空间破坏概率的多层模糊稳定分析方法,实现了场地斜坡稳定非确定性模型评价结果与区域稳定性研究相结合,借助这一关系模型可以实现空间点评价向空间面评价的过渡．以川南经济开发区区域斜坡空间破坏概率预测为例进行了方法验证,结果显示这种方法可以克服区域斜坡不稳定性评价中的定量化困难,物理意义更加明确． 相似文献
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《世界地质》2019,(4)
吉林省永吉县存在大量的斜坡地质灾害,为了给永吉县斜坡地质灾害的防治和预警提供高效直观的分析模型,将吉林省永吉县作为研究区,选取高程、坡度、坡向、剖面曲率、平面曲率、距断层距离、岩性、距河流距离、年均降雨量、地形湿度指数和植被覆盖指数等11个评价因子,利用神经网络模型进行区域斜坡地质灾害易发性分析,再选用频率比、支持向量机模型进行对比。利用ROC曲线对模型的准确性进行验证分析,得出神经网络、频率比和支持向量机模型的成功率分别是91. 3%、89. 3%、90. 2%,预测率分别是87. 3%、84. 3%、85. 6%。结果表明:神经网络模型的精度最高,更适用于永吉县斜坡地质灾害的易发性评价。 相似文献
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一种基于贝叶斯理论的区域斜坡稳定性评价模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文结合滑坡物理模型和统计模型的优点,针对小流域滑坡稳定性分析,建立了一种基于贝叶斯理论的区域斜坡稳定性评价模型。该模型主要采用灾害自身信息来修正原始模型中的参数,解决了区域稳定性评价中参数难以确定的问题。该方法首先设定模型的初始参数分布,然后利用采样点雨前和雨后稳定性不同的信息建立验证方程,再根据马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗模拟和贝叶斯方法确定最终的参数分布,进而得出区域稳定性分布。应用该模型对福建省蔡源小流域的6 13滑坡群发性事件进行分析。结果显示,蔡源小流域地区的无量纲黏聚系数C为0.028,有效摩擦角为16.7,土壤的导水系数T和降雨量q的比值为529.026m,可能不稳定地区和不稳定地区达到76.0%。该模型利用历史灾害数据自动模拟出合适的参数,对区域滑坡稳定性评价具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献