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地球物理技术常用于调查地下地球物理特征的空间分布,横向和纵向描绘冻土活动层、多年冻土和冻土融区。通过地球物理监测也可以评价由多年冻土冷却、变暖、堆积和退化引起的地下地球物理特征的空间与时间域变化。本文回顾了在山区和北极／亚北极地区洼地多年冻土调查中应用最广泛的地球物理方法。总结了一些关键结果和建议,这些结果和建议以用于多年冻土研究的不同地球物理技术的适用性和可靠性分析为基础。研究重点放在地球物理方法的层析成像能力。通过5种实例研究展示了一些地球物理方法应用和数据解译的新进展,并强调了地球物理方法应用的未来前景。 相似文献
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本文在综合整理、研究江西省地球物理资料的基础上，对富大铀矿与区域地球物理场和深部地球物理构造的内在关系进行了探讨，提出了有利于形成富大铀矿的地球物理-地质构造环境模式，预测了江西省主要铀成矿带内富大铀矿远景区。 相似文献
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针对网络上地球物理领域的信息资源复杂多样,而传统的信息检索方法在检索地球物理信息时结果比较片面这一问题,将本体技术与传统信息检索技术相结合,建立了一个基于语义的地球物理信息检索系统模型。研究了地球物理领域的本体特征,并设计建立了本体库;提出了计算地球物理领域本体的语义相似性方法,分析了地球物理爬虫的工作机制;最后编程实现了系统的主体功能,验证了系统模型设计的合理性、可行性。 相似文献
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基于岩石物理相的砂砾岩储层分类评价--以准噶尔盆地玛131井区块百二段为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
勘探实践表明,准噶尔盆地玛北斜坡主力油层段百二段砂砾岩储层非均质性强,孔隙结构差异大,需要综合影响储层的各种地质因素对其进行分类评价。利用岩芯、薄片、钻测井、物性、工业CT等资料,对准噶尔盆地玛北斜坡玛131井区块百二段砂砾岩储层沉积相、成岩相、裂缝相特征进行了研究,在此基础上分析了百二段储层岩石物理相,并基于岩石物理相对储层进行分类评价,预测有利储层发育区。通过沉积微相、成岩相的叠加聚类,对研究区百二段砂砾岩储层岩石物理相进行分类,划分出水下分流河道-不稳定组分溶蚀等岩石物理相;按照沉积相、成岩相对储层孔隙结构的建设与破坏作用归纳出3大类岩石物理相。依据三类岩石物理相将储层划分为3类,并结合压汞、薄片、CT、产能等资料进行表征与评价,其中一类和二类岩石物理相储集性能较好,三类岩石物理相为致密遮挡层。最后以亚段为单位,对百二段岩石物理相进行平面成图,预测有利储层分布区。 相似文献
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关于物理潜蚀作用及其概念模型的讨论 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在对国内外物理潜蚀作用相关文献进行调研的基础上回顾了潜蚀作用的研究历史,对目前物理潜蚀作用研究中存在的问题进行了总结。指出潜蚀工程地质问题在各类工程建设活动中已经变得越来越突出,但由于潜蚀作用发生环境的多样性、作用方式的复杂性、发生过程的随机性等原因,造成实际应用中将各种潜蚀作用尤其是物理潜蚀作用过程的概念经常混淆。对"管涌"、"渗透压密"、"接触管涌"、"接触冲刷"、"流土"、"突涌"、"接触流土"、"流砂"、"流滑"等物理潜蚀作用的发生机理进行了深入细致的分析,在此基础上对目前一些界定不严格的物理潜蚀相关概念进行了辨析和澄清,初步建立了清晰的物理潜蚀作用概念模型,为潜蚀工程地质进一步研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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2002年国外物理海洋学研究主要进展 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
在技术进步和多学科交叉的推动下,当今的物理海洋学研究已经大大突破传统的研究范畴。与气候变化相联系的缓慢变化海洋物理过程成为现阶段物理海洋学的核心研究内容之一。世界大洋环流研究计划（WOCE）在经过20年实施后于2002年结束,国际上物理海洋学研究又面临一个新的起点。2002年国外物理海洋学的研究涵盖了与大尺度问题相关的许多领域,主要成果体现在：热盐过程和热盐环流变率、海洋混合、年代际与长期海洋变率、印度洋气候变化、海洋盐度与气候变化、古海洋学、海洋模型等方面。 相似文献
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我国已有的几十部地球物理勘查技术标准,为我国基础性、公益性和战略性地质工作的开展提供了有力的技术支撑,同时也为地球物理勘查技术标准体系的建立提供了前提。本文对地球物理勘查技术标准进行了系统梳理,结合地球物理方法技术应用现状,研究提出新的地球物理勘查技术标准子体系,对地球物理勘查技术标准化工作的推进具有重要意义。 相似文献
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地球物理方法在环境保护工作中的应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
崔霖沛 《水文地质工程地质》1997,24(5):16-18
地球物理方法在环境调查、监测和治理工作中得到日益广泛的应用。一方面环境污染和一些灾害现象使地球介质的物理特性发生变化，可以用地球物理探测出来；另一方面地球物理场本身对人类生存环境和人体健康产生重要影响。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献