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小波变换方法在地震资料噪声消除中的应用 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
小波变换方法由于具有同时在时间域与频率域分析的特点,在信号的分析处理方面得到了广泛的应用,将其应用于地震信号噪声的处理,有着更好的应用前景和研究价值.笔者的研究工作主要围绕小波变换消噪过程中阈值方法的选择及阈值的选取,同时将一维小波方法与F-K滤波方法、二维小波方法与F-K方法以及这3种方法结合起来进行噪声的去除,用于实际数据处理,效果较好. 相似文献
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利用小波系数可以表示小波函数与分析信号的逼近程度这一原理,采用了对不同尺度下小波系数进行叠加的方法,对比9种小波函数,发现应用Mexh小波可以去除探地雷达信号中的高频噪声并放大有效信号,从而为探地雷达信号经传统数据处理方法处理后判定疑似异常位置进一步确定提供依据。 相似文献
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嵌入式小波零树压缩算法的基本原理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
数据(图像)压缩是数据存储和传输的重要手段之一。在简述数据压缩方法分类和几种常用压缩方法的基础上,重点讨论嵌入式小波零树图像压缩算法的特点、方法步骤和基本原理,并用实例介绍该方法的数据压缩效果。总结了小波分析在地球物理勘探中的应用状况,展望了小波分析的应用前景和未来的潜在应用领域。 相似文献
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小波分析在地质分形科学中的应用前景 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
近年来，小波分析在研究ＤＬＡ模型等分形现象中取得了很大进展，本文在概述小波分析在分开有研究中的应用原理的基础上，探讨了小波分析与地质分形科学间的关系，展望了小波分析在地质分形科学中的应用前景。 相似文献
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We examine the formation of the Michigan Basin in terms of elastic flexure of the lithosphere. The shape of the flexure accurately determines the flexural rigidity of the lithosphere and the lateral extent of the load responsible for the flexure. The amplitude of differential subsidence then gives the magnitude of the load. Gravity anomalies in the southern peninsula of Michigan further restrain the dimensions of the load. We propose a model for the formation of the Michigan Basin involving mantle diapirs. We suggest that the first stage in its evolution was diapiric penetration of the lithosphere by hot asthenospheric mantle rock to the vicinity of the Moho. The heating of the lower crust by these hot rocks caused the transformation of lower crust, meta-stable gabbroic rocks to eclogite. Initially the lighter mantle rocks nearly balanced the heavier eclogite. As the mantle rocks cooled by conduction, the basin subsided under the load of the eclogite. The thermal contraction mechanism is supported by evidence that the flexural rigidity of the lithosphere increases with time. This is the effect of thickening of the elastic lithosphere as cooling progresses. 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(5):578-587
The Tuak and Sudak anticlinoria located upon the eastern periclinal closure of the Crimean meganticlinorium are complicated by a folding of the higher order. According to their size and morphological structures, the folds are subdivided into several types. The small linear disharmonic folds in the Upper Triassic, Lower- and Middle Jurassic deposits within the cores of the above anticlinoria are followed by an elongated brachy-folding within the Upper Jurassic deposits upon the saddle of the Sudak-Yanyshar anticlinorium. The distribution of individual folding types corresponds to the history of fold formation. It depends on the tectonic movement environments, the physical properties of the rocks and other causes. The study of conditions controlling the formation and development of structural forms is conducted on the basis of a structural-facies method. The increase of sedimentation thicknesses and the replacement of coarse terrigenous materials by finer sediments towards the axial parts of the synclines, are evidence of the fact that the folding development was contemporaneous with sedimentation during a prolonged period. Folding, however, proceeded at irregular times. The linear folding within the Tavridian shales upon the saddle of the Tuak anticlinal zone developed under conditions of active positive movements during pre-Bajocian stage of folding. In addition to linear folds, elongated brachysynclines appeared within the areno-argillaceous deposits upon the saddle of the Sudak-Yanyshar anticlinal zone during pre-Oxfordian time. A further growth and isolation of individual folds took place in an environment of considerable tectonic movement intensification during the Oxfordian and Kimmeridgian stages. The most energetic folding movements took place during the pre-Tithonian phase of folding. A sharp uplift of the eastern part of the Sudak- Yanyshar anticlinorium saddle called forth the appearance of crescentic, elongated folds. Within the Meganom downwarping folds developed during the Jurassic under conditions of continuous plunging. The development of the principal structural units is connected with manifestations of deep-seated tectonic processes. The folding located upon the Sudak-Yanyshar anticlinorium saddle is classified as forced folds. The prolonged growth of the folds was accompanied by a forcing up of argillaceous materials into the anticline saddles. The plastic shift of Middle Jurassic clays from under the subsiding synclines toward the continuously eroding anticline saddles, i. e. towards areas of free material outflow, took place under conditions of continuous intensification of the tectonic movement and a continuous increase of load upon the subsiding areas. The supply of plastic material into the anticline saddles began during the Oxfordian stage and continued up to the present. This process proceeds in an environment of further expansion of the Sudak-Yanyshar anticlinorium. In connection, however, with a general weakening of the tectonic movements and an increase of the argillaceous material metamorphization the forcing up of the latter gradually subsides.—Auth.English summ. 相似文献
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青藏高原北缘晚新生代的差异性隆起特征 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
在青藏高原的研究中,一个涉及高原隆升过程和机理的重要科学问题就是高原差异性隆升问题。文中初步研究了晚新生代以来青藏高原北缘的这种差异性隆升特征。研究表明,高原北缘山系隆升变化的差异性是很明显的。自23.7 Ma以来西昆仑山、阿尔金山和祁连山平均剥蚀率分别有4次阶梯式、谷—峰—谷—峰—谷式和二次阶梯式的变化形式。在3.6 Ma BP以前,青藏高原北缘山系的差异性隆升总体上呈现出东高西低的地貌特征;在3.6～1.7 Ma青藏运动发生期间,高原北缘山系的差异性隆升特征是西强东弱;在0.6 Ma以来,高原北缘山系的隆升差异性呈现出西强—中弱—东次强的特征。自1.7 Ma以来青藏高原北缘西昆仑山褶皱带平均缩短应变为38％,阿尔金山褶皱带平均缩短应变为8％,祁连山褶皱带平均缩短应变为15％。这和它们的高度在此期间的差异特征极为相似。 相似文献
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Two-time and two-point (two-particle) correlations are calculated for several parameters of the stellar motions, the densities, and the phase densities of model open clusters, in the vicinities of the cluster stars. The correlation times and correlation radii are determined in spaces of the parameters considered. The distributions of the two-point correlations for the distances between stars in the coordinate and velocity spaces of the stars are calculated. The local maxima of these distributions are used to determine the parameters of density waves, the potential, and the phase density in the model clusters. Analysis of the fine structure of regions of concentration in the two-point correlations in space of mutual distances between stars suggests the formation of polarization clouds near a number of such distances between stars. The distributions of the phase-density correlations are calculated, and the dynamics of these distributions analyzed. The dispersions of these distributions depend strongly on the presence of broad ??wings?? in the distributions (i.e., of strong correlations in the system). These dispersions are considered as a measure of the degree of correlation of phase-density fluctuations in model clusters. A growth in the correlations with time is observed for 50% of the cluster models considered. Flows of the phase-density correlations are investigated. A dominant correlation flow from the region of strong to the region of weak correlations is identified, leading to a flow of kinetic energy toward the cluster center. The rate at which this flow heats the model cluster core is estimated. Signs of weak turbulence are detected in the stellar motions in the model cluster cores with the highest degree of non-stationary in the regular field. 相似文献
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作为具有大跨度、超浅埋等特点的千年古地下洞室群,龙游石窟吸引着众多前来研究的岩石力学家和工程地质学家。近些年来,龙游石窟的3号洞顶板多处出现了开裂和离层。安装在3-1号岩柱周围起支撑洞室作用钢柱上的应变片数值也发生了变化。据分析,这些现象出现的一个重要原因是3-2号岩柱强度降低引起洞室围岩受力条件的改变。利用FLAC3D数值软件,借鉴强度折减法,对3-2号岩柱强度降低引起上述变化的情况进行了模拟。数值模拟的结果可以较好地解释上述现象。在此基础上,进一步对3号洞顶板和其他岩柱的应力变化等进行了数值分析。结果表明:①3-2号岩柱的强度已有所下降,并有继续降低的趋势;②随着3-2号岩柱强度的降低,顶板的裂缝将不断增长、增多。其结果可为3-2号岩柱强度降低过程中洞室围岩力学行为的科学分析、预测及石窟的保护等提供依据。 相似文献
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《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2014,55(12):1429-1440
We present new data on the structure of deep horizons of the sedimentary cover of the South Kara syneclise, based on an integrated interpretation of data from modern seismic prospecting and data on the geologic structure of the adjacent folded areas. A network of seismic base profiles reprocessed with up-to-date programs is used to determine the structure of the wave fields of the pre-Jurassic sediments of the South Kara syneclise. The interpretation of the wave fields with the use of the network of seismic base profiles shows that the wave fields of the Pai-Khoi-Novaya Zemlya monoclise and the Novaya Zemlya-Taimyr terrace are fundamentally different from those of the South Kara central area of depressions and uplifts. We substantiate a new structural and tectonic zonation of the northern West Siberian Plate, with areas of Hercynian and Early Cimmerian consolidation. The geologic evolution of the South Kara syneclise and adjacent areas in the Late Paleozoic-Early Jurassic is considered. The studies show that the Hercynides of the northern Taimyr Peninsula occupy the deepest central part of the South Kara syneclise, including the North Siberian step. They are separated from the coeval sediments of the surface part of the northern West Siberian Plate by the Early Cimmerian folded area of the Yamal-Pai-Khoi saddle, which joins the Early Cimmerian West Taimyr folded area to the Early Cimmerides of Pai-Khoi and Novaya Zemlya.The Permo-Triassic rifts distinguished in central West Siberia have no shelf extension. Areal structural studies along the surface of the acoustic basement and analysis of wave fields showed that the structures of the South Kara syneclise were semiconcentric and concentric intermontane depressions and troughs in the Permian and Lower-Middle Triassic. They formed at the orogenic stage of evolution of the Hercynides. In the Devonian-Carboniferous, the South Kara syneclise was an intracontinental block structure. It is presumed that elevated blocks consist of carbonate sediments, whereas the separating troughs consist of bathyal terrigenous sediments. The Hercynian folding, which affected mainly deep-water sediment complexes, was followed by an inversion of the troughs, their uplifting and disintegration. The intermontane depressions which formed instead of carbonate shelf in the Permian were filled with sediments from the uplifts which formed instead of the troughs.A well-grounded conclusion is made about the hydrocarbon potential of the pre-Jurassic basement of the South Kara syneclise. The layered seismic record of the pre-Jurassic sediments suggests their heterogeneous composition, i.e., the presence of sand and clay series (reservoirs and caps). The pools might be of the arch-bedded and lithologic (traps which formed in the case of the toplap of beds onto the eroded surface) types or be localized along the line of pinching-out of the Triassic sediments. The largest number of Paleozoic structures is concentrated on the Rogozinskii and Vilkitsky arches, in the Monskaya and Matusevich saddles, and in the northern Rusanov-Skuratov arch.© 2014, V.S. Sobolev IGM, Siberian Branch of the RAS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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V. M. Danilov 《Astronomy Reports》2011,55(6):473-486
The kinematics of stars in open-cluster models are investigated. The central regions of these model clusters are fairly “cool,
” leading to gravitational instability in the cluster cores. A temporary virilization is observed in the model clusters, during
which an appreciable fraction of the fluctuation energy of the cluster is temporarily transformed into the kinetic energy
of the peculiar motions of stars. The duration of this stage can reach ∼108 yr. The origins of this temporary virialization of the model clusters are discussed. The instability of the intrinsic fluctuations
of the phase density in the centers of six clusters and model clusters is investigated. Several new regions of unstable phase-density
fluctuations are found, in addition to those already known. The observed and model clusters can move toward a stable equilibrium
state when the density of the cluster core both decreases and increases. The structure of regions of instability of the phase-density
fluctuations in the centers of the six clusters is studied. Resonance curves for the amplitudes of steady-state phase-density
fluctuations in the center of NGC 6705 are constructed. Analysis of the structure of the regions of instability indicates
an appreciable rate of fluctuation-energy loss due to relaxation effects. The instability increments and widths of regions
of instability fall off with increasing distance of the cluster from the Galactic center. An important role in the formation
of regions of instability may be played by resonances between the frequency of the orbital motion of the cluster in the Galaxy
and the frequencies of intrinsic phase-density fluctuations in the centers of the clusters considered. 相似文献
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在软基处理工程中，经常出现竖井打设变密而地基固结效率降低的现象。鉴于此，建立了重叠涂抹区内土体水平向渗透系数的分布函数，给出了涂抹区重叠时竖井地基超静孔压和平均固结度的解析解。通过分析不同工况下竖井地基固结度随竖井间距的变化情况，探究了竖井间距减小而地基固结效率不增反减的成因。最后，探讨了涂抹作用和井阻作用对竖井最小临界间距的影响。结果表明：相邻竖井涂抹区重叠是竖井地基中出现竖井最小临界间距的根本原因。涂抹作用越大，则竖井最小临界间距越大；具体表现为当地基扰动程度增大时或涂抹区半径增大时，竖井最小临界间距随之增大。井阻作用越大，则竖井最小临界间距越小；具体表现为当竖井渗透系数减小时、竖井长度增大时或竖井半径减小时，竖井最小临界间距随之减小。 相似文献
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广西红黏土分布区柴油泄漏对土体造成了一定程度污染,为研究轻质非水相非极性柴油孔隙液对红黏土力学性质的影响,本文以0#柴油为添加剂对其重塑样进行不排水快速直剪试验,测得了不同含水率、含油率、法向压力下红黏土抗剪强度及其参数变化规律。研究结果表明:在土-水-油系统中,非极性柴油孔隙液对红黏土强度影响相对较小,且受含水率影响。同一含油率时,红黏土抗剪强度、内摩擦角、黏聚力均随含水率增加而降低;同一含水率时,法向压力影响柴油作用模式,随含油率增加,抗剪强度参数变化较为复杂,当含水率为20%,红黏土内摩擦角、黏聚力反向波动变化;同一含湿率时,柴油比例的提高导致红黏土抗剪强度参数的增大。扫描电镜观察发现,非极性柴油孔隙液的介入,改变了水-土系统的静电及结构模式,导致红黏土强度发生变化,通过所建的“多尺度多阶段柴油作用微结构模型”,阐明了柴油孔隙液对红黏土强度特性影响的微观机理。 相似文献