共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
软黏土的结构性对其变形特性有很大的影响,由于成因等因素的不同,软黏土的结构性强弱不一,这也使得土体变形特性表现出差异性。为研究结构性强弱不同对软黏土长期变形特性的影响,人工制备含水率相同而结构强度不同的软黏土,对其进行三轴不固结不排水蠕变试验,研究结构性对软土长期变形特性的影响。试验结果分析表明,具有一定结构性的软黏土,当偏应力小于结构屈服应力时,土体结构损伤少,其蠕变变形量较小,一般不大于2%;而随着偏应力的增大,尤其是超过结构屈服应力时,土体结构出现大量破坏,应变增长很快,最终演变为临界型应变。相同偏应力作用下,土体结构性越强,各时刻的蠕变变形量也越小。在此基础上,以土体结构强度作为表征土体结构性强弱的量化参数,建立了考虑结构强度影响的长期变形预测公式。 相似文献
2.
为了研究应力路径对吹填土结构性特征的影响,利用WF应力路径三轴仪对天津滨海新区吹填土进行常规三轴固结不排水试验及K0固结下的增P、等P、减P应力路径试验,同时进行扫描电镜试验。试验结果分析表明,出现结构屈服的应变量在2%左右;减P、等P、增P应力路径下土体结构屈服应力逐渐增大,并且结构屈服应力随着围压的增大而增大,随着累积变形量的增加则保持一定值。微观结构测试分析表明,吹填土体微观结构变化规律受应力路径和累积变形量影响较为明显,土体结构屈服前后,土体微观结构有着明显的差异。 相似文献
3.
黏土在剪切变形过程中,剪切速率的不同会对其结构破坏产生不同影响,从而影响其力学特性.本文以天津滨海新区吹填软土为研究对象,在对吹填软土关于结构性讨论的基础上,开展了剪切速率对其力学性状影响的三轴试验研究,分析其剪切速率力学效应.试验结果表明:随着剪切速率的提高,在低围压条件下,吹填软土的强度及其结构屈服应力均先减小后增大,存在临界剪切速率,而在高围压条件下,强度及其结构屈服应力则逐渐增大,与剪切速率呈正相关关系,临界剪切速率逐渐消失; 吹填软土的黏聚力在不同围压下随剪切速率提高均呈现减小趋势,内摩擦角在低围压条件下随剪切速率提高呈现增大趋势,在高围压条件下则随剪切速率提高呈现减小趋势; 在剪切过程中,孔隙水压力均随着轴向应变的增大到某一值然后稳定下来,随着围压的进一步加大,孔隙水压力的稳定值会随剪切速率的提高呈减小趋势. 相似文献
4.
软土普遍具有结构性与流变特性。以天津滨海新区吹填场地有一定结构性的吹填软土为研究对象,通过三轴流变试验仪,开展了排水条件以及结构性对其流变特性影响的研究。试验结果表明,排水条件对流变有明显影响。不排水时,流变变形大;排水时,虽然总变形量大,但固结变形占较大比例,流变变形比例小,实际工程实践中可通过增加土体的排水条件减少流变的影响。结构性对土体流变的影响主要体现在所受外部荷载与结构屈服应力大小之间的关系。当外荷载小于结构屈服应力时,流变变形小;当外荷载大于结构屈服应力时,伴随着土结构的破坏,流变变形明显增大,但还是小于同条件下无结构性的重塑土。 相似文献
5.
《岩土力学》2015,(9):2551-2559
为研究结构性对黄土强度特性和屈服应力及屈服吸力的影响,以兰州非饱和原状Q3黄土及其重塑土为研究对象,利用非饱和土四联直剪仪和改进型非饱和土三轴仪进行了一系列的非饱和土直剪和各向等压加载以及三轴收缩试验。试验结果表明:原状黄土及其重塑土的黏聚力和内摩擦角均随吸力的增加呈线性增长趋势,吸力越大,抗剪强度越高;Q3原状黄土具有较高的结构性,其抵抗外力破坏的能力较高,而重塑土土粒之间结构比较松散,因此,原状土的抗剪强度要高于重塑土,尤其在低吸力和高含水率情况下;定义了黏聚力结构参数cM和内摩擦角结构参数M?,得到了黏聚力耦合值*c和内摩擦角耦合值*?随吸力变化的拟合公式,为实际工程抗剪强度指标的选取提供另一种尝试;原状黄土的屈服应力和屈服吸力均大于重塑土,在p-s平面上原状黄土的弹性区要大于重塑土;两种土的屈服应力之差随着吸力的增大而线性增大,屈服吸力趋近于一常数,受净平均应力的影响较小;试样屈服前,原状黄土较强的结构性导致其变形要小于重塑土,试样屈服后,两者变形差别不大。试验结果为进一步建立结构性模型提供了试验基础,也为黄土地区工程建设提供了参数依据。 相似文献
6.
吹填软土蠕变过程中结构强度变化及微观机理分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
结构性土长期变形过程必然对土结构产生影响。通过对结构性吹填软土进行三轴蠕变试验,在蠕变过程中选取有代表性时间点的样品,对其进行微观结构分析与结构强度测试。研究结果表明,蠕变过程其实就是土体内部结构硬化和软化相互转化的过程。当应力水平低于结构屈服应力时,土体的蠕变是硬化占主要部分,其微观结构的变化是逐渐趋于稳定,结构强度相应增长。当应力水平超过结构屈服应力时,土体的蠕变是软化占主要部分。该阶段可细分为两个阶段,即其结构从大量破坏阶段到土体结构最终破坏阶段;微结构却从稳定阶段变为不稳定阶段,最后又回到无序阶段。 相似文献
7.
土石坝所处的应力状态较接近平面应变应力状态或三维应力状态，而常规三轴试验低估了粗粒料的力学性能。应用大型真三轴仪对常规三轴应力状态、平面应变应力状态和真三轴应力状态（ 0.25， 为中主应力系数， 、 、 分别为大、中、小主应力）下粗粒料的力学特性进行了压缩试验研究。试验结果表明：相同小主应力下，常规三轴试验、平面应变试验、真三轴试验的大、小主应力之差与大主应力方向应变的关系曲线依次变高变陡。某一试验加载条件下，体应变随球应力的增大而增大，初始剪切阶段增加较慢，随后呈线性增大，不同小主应力的体应变曲线较为接近。平面应变试验强度和真三轴试验强度比常规三轴试验强度有较大增长，真三轴试验强度增加百分比大于平面应变试验强度增加百分比。初始弹性模量随小主应力的增大呈线性增大。平面应变状态下中主应力系数随大主应力方向应变的增大而增大，初始剪切阶段增长较缓，之后近似呈线性增大。相同小主应力下，从常规三轴应力状态至平面应变应力状态再到真三轴应力状态，小主应力方向应变均为膨胀变形，且膨胀变形依次增大。同一试验加载条件下，小主应力较小时，应力比（偏应力与球应力之比）与偏应变的关系曲线位于上方。 相似文献
8.
利用固结试验与三轴压缩试验对天津海积软土结构特性进行了分析,研究表明结构性土随试验条件不同其结构屈服应力也有所不同。应用刚度比与应变的关系描述了结构损伤速率随围压的变化情况,损伤速率在结构屈服之前随围压增大而增大,当围压等于固结结构屈服应力时达到峰值,在结构屈服之后随围压增大逐渐减小。对初始切线模量与偏应力之间的关系进行了分析,结果表明初始切线模量随偏应力变化呈倒抛物线状。最后考虑围压和偏应力的影响,建立了结构性土的修正邓肯-张模型,并基于试验数据对模型进行了验证。 相似文献
9.
对延安和西安Q2黄土进行了单轴压缩和CU剪切试验,研究了含水量和围压对其结构性的影响。结果表明,单轴压缩条件下两地Q2黄土的结构屈服应变均较小,且随含水量变化不明显,而结构屈服强度均随含水量增加呈指数减少。CU剪切条件下含水量和围压都对其结构性有明显的影响,围压增大时两地Q2黄土的结构屈服应力和结构屈服应变均增大,含水量增大时结构屈服应力减低,较大围压和较高含水率时,结构屈服段的应力应变曲线由强软化型向较强软化型甚至弱软化型转变。由于西安Q2黄土和延安Q2黄土的沉积环境不同,使其低含水量时结构屈服强度高于延安Q2黄土,而高含水量时结构屈服强度低于延安Q2黄土。 相似文献
10.
土体的结构性对土的工程力学性质具有决定性的影响。本文以天津滨海吹填软土为土质材料,进行了蠕变作用下土体结构屈服应力形成试验及相应的微观结构分析。试验结果表明:蠕变对土体结构性的影响是一个综合作用的过程,其中排水条件最为关键,在此基础上,围压及偏压都对土体结构屈服应力的增长起作用,并随时间的增长而增长。反之,土体的结构屈服应力变化不大。微观结构分析表明,小偏应力蠕变作用下结构屈服应力的形成实质是其微观结构逐渐稳定的过程。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
13.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
14.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
15.
Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
16.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
20.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献