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1.
苏丹M盆地原油地球化学特征与母质的沉积环境探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对苏丹M盆地萨加隆起带的原油地球化学特征分析，探讨了生成原油的烃源岩的母质的沉积环境。该带原油主要有两种类型，一种是正常原油，另一种是生物降解油。原油的地球化学特征表明：正常原油具有较高的饱和烃含量，生物降解原油饱和烃含量低，非烃含量高；碳同位素表明为典型的湖相Ⅰ—Ⅱ有机质生成的原油：原油饱和烃具有较低的异戊二稀烃，Pr/Ph一般在1．5左右，表现为弱的姥鲛烷优势，具有较完整的重排甾烷和新藿烷系列，γ蜡烷含量较低；重排甾烷含量高，C27、C28、C29甾烷呈“V”字型分布，具有较丰富的4—甲基甾烷。原油地球化学指标显示主要的烃源岩为弱氧化—弱还原、淡水—微咸水的沉积环境，有机质为水生生物和细菌改造的陆源有机质的混合输入，为一种以生油为主生气较少的母质类型。 相似文献
2.
塔河油田原油甾藿烷系列化合物地球化学再认识 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
生物标志化合物是油气油源、成熟度、运移等领域研究中的一项得力工具。运用生物标志物色谱质谱技术，对比研究了塔河油田各油区原油生物标志化合物中甾、藿烷系列化合物特征。研究表明，塔河油田为一由晚期成熟高、轻微改造的原油与早期成熟度低、遭受较强降解原油混合而成的复合油藏，该油藏各区原油C27—C29甾烷同系物以及C27—C29重排甾烷特征反映出该区不同成熟度原油来自同一母源，原油Ts/(Tm+Ts)、重排甾烷/规则甾烷和ββ/(ββ+αα) C29比值关系立体图指示出原油的充注方向，印证了“塔河地区的油气主要来自于南部的满加尔坳陷”这一论点。 相似文献
3.
济阳坳陷低熟原油特征及成因 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
济阳坳隐成熟原油广泛分布于埋深小于２０００ｍ第三系储层，原油具有低炮煤，低饱／芳比，高非烃及甾，萜化合物保留复含量原始生物构型的特征，应用甾烷Ｃ２７，Ｃ２８，Ｃ２９要对丰度，萜烷中γ蜡烷含量和姥／植比可将全区低熟油划分为三类，展现了生源组成和介质环境对原油性质的影响，文章结合现代藻类的低温生烃模拟，探讨了低熟原油成因机理，提出了低熟原油系列有机质早期低温演化阶段的产物，咸化的强还原环境富含低等藻类 相似文献
4.
塔河油田原油甾藿烷系列化合物地球化学再认识 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
生物标志化合物是油气油源、成熟度、运移等领域研究中的一项得力工具。运用生物标志物色谱质谱技术,对比研究了塔河油田各油区原油生物标志化合物中甾、藿烷系列化合物特征。研究表明,塔河油田为一由晚期成熟高、轻微改造的原油与早期成熟度低、遭受较强降解原油混合而成的复合油藏,该油藏各区原油C27—C29甾烷同系物以及C27—C29重排甾烷特征反映出该区不同成熟度原油来自同一母源,原油Ts/(Tm Ts)、重排甾烷/规则甾烷和ββ/(ββ αα)C29比值关系立体图指示出原油的充注方向,印证了“塔河地区的油气主要来自于南部的满加尔坳陷”这一论点。 相似文献
5.
利用煤岩可溶有机质生物标志化合物探讨塔里木盆地侏罗系沉积环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
塔里木盆地满加尔凹陷低成熟煤岩可溶有机质研究表明,正构烷烃呈双峰分布,且∑n-C21-/∑n-C22 >5.0;Pr/Ph值为3.76,有明显的姥鲛烷优势;藿烷系列化合物丰富,且C30-αβ藿烷为主峰碳;检测出相对丰度不高的三环二萜烷系列化合物和C29~C32-ββ生物构型藿烷;丰富甾烷系列化合物的检出,包括C29相对丰度占优势、孕甾烷和重排甾烷的检出等。印证了塔里木盆地在侏罗纪为典型陆相沉积,沉积环境偏氧化,且侏罗系煤岩成煤母质主要为陆源有机质输入为主的高等植物。 相似文献
6.
石油是生物地质作用的产物,沉积物中有机质的组成和结构影响着石油天然气的生成。微生物改造有机质形成石油、天然气具有明显的阶段性:1)易溶于水的有机质和分子量小、成分简单的化合物优先参与到成油中形成低熟油。2)成熟油的有机母质主要为来自水生生物、藻类的脂肪和蛋白质,其次为来自陆源有机质中的碳水化合物脂肪分解菌、蛋白质分解菌、产氢菌等;脂肪酸初始阶段不溶于水,只有当环境中不存在占优势的其他碳源物质时,微生物才能利用和分解脂类进行生长。3)高演化阶段生存着大量的嗜热、超嗜热产甲烷菌,来自于陆源植物的纤维素、木质素、高分子聚合物等许多在成熟阶段难以降解的有机质在高演化阶段可以发生降解。成油过程要经过降解有机质、去除含氧基团、产氢菌产氢、耗氢菌用氢等过程,较成气过程更为复杂。 相似文献
7.
松辽盆地双城—太平川地区原油地球化学特征及其成熟度差异 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
松辽盆地北部双城—太平川地区扶杨油层原油地球化学特征相近,正构烷烃分布完整,呈单峰型,主峰碳主要为C23,部分原油具有轻碳优势,奇偶优势不明显。三环萜烷含量较丰富,部分原油伽马蜡烷、孕甾烷和升孕甾烷含量较高,规则甾烷呈"V"型分布,碳同位素值偏轻,生源构成以低等水生生物和菌藻类为主,兼有高等植物生源输入,母源形成环境为微咸水还原—淡水氧化环境。本区原油的总体特征比较接近,具有相似的生源母质和有机相,但其成熟度存在着一定差异。根据生物标志物参数,原油分为三个组群,即低成熟油、低成熟—中等成熟油和中等成熟油,主要为低成熟—中等成熟原油。认为研究区具有形成低成熟油的有利烃源条件,应该加强对低成熟油的勘探开发。同时加强长春岭背斜带及其周缘构造高部位有利圈闭的勘探与评价。 相似文献
8.
辽东凹陷南洼斜坡带旅大29油田在沙河街组二段获得了高产轻质原油和天然气，展现了良好的勘探潜力。为了进一
步明确其原油母质来源、沉积环境和烃源岩层位，对原油、油砂样品和围区烃源岩样品进行了系统的地球化学分析和油源
对比。研究结果表明，原油为低硫（0.0733%）、高蜡（20.77%） 的轻质成熟原油。原油样品饱和烃色谱完整，主峰碳为
C19，显示未遭受明显生物降解作用。油砂样品埋藏较浅，部分遭受生物降解等的影响，饱和烃色谱基线呈现明显的
“UCM”鼓包现象。原油和油砂样品具有低C19 三环萜烷/C23 三环萜烷（0.10~0.18）、低C24 四环萜烷/C26 三环萜烷（0.49~
0.53）、低C27重排甾烷/C27甾烷（0.30~0.43）、中等伽马蜡烷指数（0.14~0.17） 和中等-高4-甲基甾烷参数（0.30~0.36），且
具有相对较重的全油碳同位素值（-27.1‰）。原油母质形成于淡水—微咸水的湖泊沉积环境，母源有机质以藻类等低等水
生生物为主，陆源有机质输入较少。旅大29油田原油主要来源于辽中凹陷和辽东凹陷沙三段烃源岩，同时有少量辽中凹陷
沙四段烃源岩的贡献。研究区高蜡轻质原油的形成主要受控于烃源岩母质来源，藻类等低等水生生物是高蜡轻质原油形成
的重要母质。 相似文献
9.
内蒙古银额盆地西部路井凹陷油气地球化学特征
与油气源 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
通过对银额盆地西部路井凹陷华力西晚期侵入岩、侏罗系、白垩系等不同层系所获原油的族组分、全油同位素、原油生物标记化合物、原油伴生气组分、同位素地球化学特征的分析,探讨了不同层系原油的生油母质类型、沉积环境和生烃母质的演化程度。对上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组、侏罗系、白垩系烃源岩沉积环境进行分析,并与上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组生物标志化合物的对比,认为路井凹陷不同层段所获得的原油与上石炭统—下二叠统干泉组烃源岩具有良好的亲缘关系,原油地球化学特征及生物标志化合物差异的原因是不同位置干泉组上段与下段烃源岩的贡献不同。 相似文献
10.
柴达木盆地盐湖相低演化烃源岩沥青“A”的热模拟研究表明:在热作用下其排烃高峰在热模拟温度较低区间220~270℃，且以非烃和沥青质相对丰度最高为特征。沥青“A”在由未熟—低熟—成熟的演化过程中，各系列生物标志物的成熟速率不同，表现为正构烷烃＞藿烷＞甾烷。非烃和沥青质中含杂原子的极性化合物在热模拟温度300℃后开始大量发生脱羟基、脱羧基、脱羰基及链断裂反应。沉积有机质在低演化阶段甾烷C29 ββ/(ββ+αα)值异常高表明该地区细菌微生物发育。柴达木盆地低演化烃源岩在较低温度区间大量排烃，是细菌微生物对沉积有机质改造后其活化能大大降低所致。 相似文献
11.
12.
对黔东南凯里地区虎47井中奥陶统大湾组轻质原油及其附近露头的中下奥陶统大湾组和红花园组灰岩晶洞和裂缝中的残余油苗进行了色谱、色-质谱及碳同位素测试分析,根据其分子地球化学特征和有机质成熟度,进行了油源对比。结果表明:原油及油苗的干酪根均来源于藻类植物,形成于还原环境;甲基菲指数揭示原油呈成熟油特征,而油苗则呈高成熟油特征。经碳同位素对比(特别是单体烃同位素对比)认为,原油及油苗均是来源于本区下寒武统牛蹄塘组泥质烃源岩,但形成期次有所不同,为同源不同期的产物。 相似文献
13.
Measurements of the absolute and relative concentrations of nitrogen-containing compounds in crude oils from different reservoir strata (Ordovician, Silurian and Carboniferous) in the Tazhong region of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China, showed that even though there are quite a number of factors affecting the distributional and compositional characteristics of neutral nitrogen-containing compounds in crude oils, the distributional and compositional characteristics of crude oils whose source conditions are approximate to one another are influenced mainly by the migration and fractionation effects in the process of formation of oil reservoirs. In addition, crude oils in the Tazhong region show obvious migration-fractionation effects in the vertical direction. Carboniferous crude oils are characterized by high migration parameters and low compound concentrations, just in contrast to Ordovician crude oils. This indicates that crude oils from shallow-level oil reservoirs were derived from those of deep-level oil reservoirs via faults, unconformable contact or carrier beds. Crude oils from the Tazhong region show some migration-fractionation effects in the lateral direction, but mixing of crude oils derived from different hydrocarbon source rocks in the process of formation of oil reservoirs made it more complicated the migration and accumulation of crude oils, as well as the formation of oil reservoirs. 相似文献
14.
ZHAO Yande YAO Jingli SUN Bainian Duan Yi DONG Chong DENG Xiuqing and LIU Luofu 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(6):1798-1810
Abstract: The Ordos Basin is an important intracontinental sedimentary basin in western China for its abundant Mesozoic crude oil resources. The southern part of the Tianhuan Depression is located in the southwestern marginal area of this Basin, in which the Jurassic and Triassic Chang-3 are the main oil-bearing strata. Currently, no consensus has been reached regarding oil source and oil migration in the area, and an assessment of oil accumulation patterns is thus challenging. In this paper, the oil source, migration direction, charging site and migration pathways are investigated through analysis of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds and hydrocarbon biomarkers. Oil source correlations show that the oils trapped in the Jurassic and Chang-3 reservoirs were derived from the Triassic Chang-7 source rocks. The Jurassic and Chang-3 crude oils both underwent distinct vertical migration from deep to shallow strata, indicating that the oils generated by Chang-7 source rocks may have migrated upward to the shallower Chang-3 and Jurassic strata under abnormally high pressures, to accumulate along the sand bodies of the ancient rivers and the unconformity surface. The charging direction of the Jurassic and Chang-3 crude oils is primarily derived from Mubo, Chenhao, and Shangliyuan, which are located northeast of the southern Tianhuan Depression, with oils moving toward the west, southwest, and south. The results show that an integration of biomarker and nitrogen-bearing compound analyses can provide useful information about oil source, migration, and accumulation. 相似文献
15.
Azanaphthalene derivatives were identified in 9 petroleum samples. In all investigated crude oils; the number of alkyl substituents was found to extend up to C9 with a maximum most often for C6; unsubstituted parent compounds are absent. Two distinct types of azanaphthalenes occur: solely methylated derivatives which are abundant in most crude oils of Cretaceous or Miocene ages, and compounds bearing alkyl chains of up to 4 carbon atoms, with a majority of 8-isopropyl quinoline derivatives, which dominate in a California crude oil of Pliocene age. 相似文献
16.
通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油进行系统地采样和高分辨率的GC-MS分析,研究了原油的芳烃组成特征,进行了油源对比,探讨了原油成因。结果表明:所分析原油属于同一成因类型;烷基萘和含硫芳烃的分布特征与有机质类型和沉积环境密切相关;西峰油田原油形成于弱还原环境,为菌藻类和高等植物母质来源,特别是高等植物为原油的形成做出了重要贡献,成熟度较高。原油地球化学特征和上三叠统延长组长7油层组烃源岩相似,反映了原油主要来源于长7油层组。这些研究结果为盆地石油的进一步勘探提供了一定科学依据。 相似文献
17.
1 Introduction Since the 1990’s of the 20th century, oil & gas geochemists have shifted their research focus on hydrocarbon source rocks in the past to that on reservoir rocks and oil reservoirs at present; their research field has been expanded from oil & gas exploration to the assessment of oil reservoirs and production & management. Therefore, reservoir geochemistry as a branch disciplinary of organic geochemistry is now attracting great concern of many oil & gas explorers and oilfield en… 相似文献
18.
Sulphur-containing compounds in sulphur-rich crude oils from hypersaline lake sediments and their geochemical implications 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Guoying Sheng Jiamo Fu S. C. Brassell A. P. Gowar G. Eglinton Jaap S. Sinninghe Damste Jan W. de Leeuw P. A. Schenck 《中国地球化学学报》1987,6(2):115-126
Three sulphur-rich commercial crude oils have been studied, which contain sulphur as high as up to 4–12%. These samples were
collected from Tertiary hypersaline lake sediments of the Jianghan Basin, Hubei Province at different depths, but above the
oil generation threshold (2200m). FPD-GC and GC-MS data show that aromatic fractions of the crude oils are composed of different
homologues of sulphur-containing compounds, including long-chain normal alkyl-thiophenes and-thiolanes, long-chain isoprenoid-thiophenes
and -thiolanes, and benzothiophenes. It is worth noting that the distribution patterns of long-chain alkyl-thiophenes and
-thiolanes from two shallow-seated crude oils are quite similar to those of normal alkanes showing marked even-odd predominance.
It seems that the even-odd predominance of sulphur-containing compounds decreases with increasing burial depth of the crude
oils. The major component of aliphatic fraction is phytane, and similarly the major peaks of aromatic fractions also represent
C20 isoprenoid thiophenes.
Some preliminary conclusions have been drawn from the above discussion: (1) Abundant sulphur-containing compounds may be used
as an indicator of low mature or immature crude oils produced from hypersaline lake sediments; (2) Sulphur-containing compounds
are considered to be early diagenetic products of reactions between elemental sulphur or sulfides and alkanes or their precursors
(phytols, fatty acids, alcohols, etc.), or of bacterial activities, but not direct inputs of organisms. 相似文献
19.
Xifeng area is a key oil and gas exploration and development area in the Ordos Basin. The Chang 2 oil group of Yanchang Formation is an important replacement oil‐bearing horizon in this area. The sterane compounds in the saturated hydrocarbons of crude oil contain abundant geochemical information and can reflect the source of parent materials and the maturity of crude oil, so they are important information carriers for oil source correlation(Huang et al., 1991; Duan, et al., 2001). In this paper, the crude oil samples were systematically collected from the reservoirs of Chang 2 oil group in 10 production wells in Xifeng area and the group compounds of crude oil were separated. The separated saturated hydrocarbon components were tested by chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and the sterane compounds were identified and analyzed. The geochemical characteristics of the sterane in the saturated hydrocarbons of crude oil and their geological significance could provide a scientific basis for the oil source correlation of Chang 2 oil group at late stage. 相似文献