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扬子板块西北缘发育新元古代火成岩,自南向北依次出露碑坝、望江山、城山-毕机沟等基性堆晶杂岩体,并伴生大量花岗岩、花岗闪长岩体。岩体主要侵位于古元古界后河群,中-新元古界火地娅群和新元古界西乡群。前人研究该地区基性杂岩体的成岩年龄集中在830~780 Ma,但对于酸性岩的年龄报道较少。陕西洋县桑溪沟乡一带出露与毕机沟含钒钛磁铁矿基性、超基性杂岩体密切伴生的花岗岩、花岗闪长岩,前人统称桑溪乡花岗岩体,本次研究依据野外地质产状将其划分为两类:一类为具有条带状构造的粗粒花岗闪长岩、斜长花岗岩,与毕机沟辉长岩体密切共生,相互蚕食、穿插,局部可见渐变过渡关系,统称毕机沟花岗闪长岩体;另一类是在侯家沟地区出露规模较大、具有块状构造的二长花岗岩-石榴子石白云母花岗岩,统称侯家沟花岗石榴子石二云母花岗岩岩体。通过对研究区内不同花岗岩体野外地质考察、镜下岩相学观察,并开展岩石地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素等研究,认为毕机沟条带状花岗岩、花岗闪长岩的形成年代(约822 Ma)正好处于扬子板块从四堡造山运动向裂谷作用转化阶段(0.9~0.8 Ga),代表事件为约825 Ma地幔柱上涌到扬子板块底部,引起岩石圈内部的快速热传导,短时间内诱发含水的SCLM(Subcontinental lithospheric mantle)发生大比例部分熔融。毕机沟花岗闪长岩岩体属于Rodinia超大陆裂解开始阶段拉斑玄武质岩浆结晶分异晚期结晶的产物。侯家沟石榴子石二云母花岗岩岩体的形成时代(约784 Ma),处于扬子板块裂谷峰期的晚期(790~760 Ma),在伸展背景下岩石圈厚度进一步减薄,岩石圈底部和软流圈顶部发生大规模部分熔融,伴生幔源玄武质熔浆上侵及构造运动在低压高温条件下地壳重熔形成侯家沟石榴子石二云母花岗岩岩体。 相似文献
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成矿区带:柴达木北缘成矿带(Ⅲ-24)。建造构造:基性-超基性层状杂岩体,Ⅰ号岩体出露岩性以层状淡色辉长岩、闪长岩为主,局部夹超基性岩,代表层状杂岩体上部层序。Ⅱ、Ⅲ岩体以超基性岩石为主,代表层状杂岩体下部层序,是主要的含矿层位。岩石m/f值为1.24~5.06(凌锦兰等,2014)。岩体侵入古元古代沉积变质岩系。牛鼻子梁岩体中辉长岩锆石U-Pb年龄(367.0±2.0)Ma(凌锦兰等,2014),(361.5±1.2)Ma(刘会文等,2014)。 相似文献
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牛鼻子梁岩体位于柴达木地块的北缘,出露面积约8 km2,平面形态呈长条状,主要由斜长二辉橄榄岩、斜长单辉橄榄岩、角闪二辉橄榄岩、角闪橄榄岩、角闪橄榄二辉岩、黑云母化二辉岩、角闪辉石岩、橄榄辉石角闪石岩、角闪橄榄辉长岩、细粒辉长岩、似斑状辉长岩、暗色辉长岩、辉长岩、淡色辉长岩、石英闪长岩和英云闪长岩组成。文章通过岩石学、矿物学、地球化学研究,得到锆石U-Pb年龄为(361.5±1.2)Ma,Sm-Nd等时线年龄为(347±26)Ma。研究认为,牛鼻子梁基性-超基性岩体含矿岩石产于大陆边缘环境。岩体形成于泥盆纪晚期。岩浆分异充分,岩石类型丰富,岩浆演化过程中主要发生了橄榄石和斜长石的分离结晶/堆晶作用。岩体的母岩浆应属于拉斑玄武岩质岩浆。从目前发现的矿化情况来看,牛鼻子梁基性-超基性杂岩体为含矿岩体,有很好的找矿前景。 相似文献
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<正>成矿区带:南祁连成矿带(Ⅲ-23)。建造构造:侵入下元古界变质岩系的基性-超基性杂岩体,岩石类型有二辉橄榄岩、二辉石岩、辉长苏长岩、辉长岩、闪长岩、角闪石岩等。岩石m/f为0.5～4.5(张照伟等,2012)。拉水峡岩体蚀变极为强烈,但可见残留很少橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石(谢燮等,2014)。乙什春岩体锆石U-Pb年龄(455.1±1.7)Ma(余吉远等,2012);裕龙沟岩体锆石U-Pb年龄(442.4±1.6)Ma,下什堂岩体锆石U-Pb年龄(449.9±2.33) 相似文献
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红格地区钒钛磁铁矿地质特征及
地球物理找矿的探讨 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
[摘 要]攀西红格钒钛磁铁矿是我国大型的钢铁生产基地。攀西红格钒钛磁铁矿床赋存于层状基性和超基性的辉石岩和辉长岩岩体中,仅限于攀西裂谷的古隆起带分布,含矿岩体沿安宁河深断裂、昔格达-元谋断裂、攀枝花大断裂侵入。含矿岩体在时间上仅限于华里西期时段的基性-超基性岩。“三位一体冶(基性-超基性岩、灯影组白云质灰岩、峨眉山玄武岩)的岩性组合,是形成大型、超大型矿床的必要条件。攀枝花含矿岩体的一级韵律层由岩体上部的辉长岩、中部暗色层状辉长岩、下部中粗粒暗色辉长岩夹橄辉岩和橄榄型矿层组成。准确把握攀西钒钛磁铁的矿床特征,是寻找该矿床的有效途径,目前已利用地球物理方法在红格钒钛磁铁矿及外围发现了多处矿点,为这次整装勘查提出了进一步找矿的新思路。 相似文献
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大山头南铜镍矿化基性-超基性杂岩体位于北山褶皱带东段,侵位于长城系古硐井群变质岩中。岩相分带明显,主要包括花岗闪长岩-闪长岩相、辉长岩-橄榄苏长辉长岩相和橄榄二辉岩-纯橄岩相。铜镍矿化主要赋存于橄榄二辉岩-纯橄岩相中。岩石化学特征显示K2O、Na2O、TiO2含量较低,Mg#值介于0.74~0.85之间,MgO/FeOT的值介于1.6~3.1之间,属于铁质镁铁-超镁铁岩;AFM图解显示该岩体具拉斑玄武岩的演化趋势;稀土元素总量较低,介于6.37×10-6~37.51×10-6之间;稀土元素标准化配分曲线表现为轻稀土元素稍富集的右倾型,LREE/HREE比值介于3.03~4.11之间,轻重稀土发生了明显的分馏;采用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb方法,获得杂岩体辉长岩中锆石U-Pb年龄为374.3±3 Ma(MSWD=0.92),表明该岩体侵位于中晚泥盆世,与形成大型镍矿床的黑山岩体年龄一致,形成于洋壳俯冲阶段。该年龄的获得不仅对北山乃至中亚造山带地质构造演化具有重要意义,而且也为北山褶皱带东段铜镍找矿提供了新的方向。 相似文献
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毕机沟杂岩体位于汉南地区,紧邻秦岭造山带的扬子陆块北缘。毕机沟一带钒钛磁铁矿床成矿时代为晚元古代,矿床分布于汉南杂岩体辉长岩相带中,属基性岩浆结晶分异型铁矿床,铁矿体赋存于暗色辉长岩(暗色矿物含量较高)中,浅色辉长岩多为围岩或夹石。矿化强度与岩浆分异程度有关,岩浆分异程度愈好,矿化愈强。矿体多呈层状、透镜状及脉状,与韵律层展布方向一致。成矿元素以铁为主,伴生钒、钛。在总结毕机沟一带成矿地质特征、成矿规律的认识基础上,认为本矿区在深部仍具有良好的找矿前景,具有形成大型钒钛磁铁矿床的潜力。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献