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1.
程银才  范世香 《水文》2011,(4):55-57
测站的水位流量关系由于受到多种因素的影响,没有固定的曲线线型,使得水位流量关系曲线的延长变得较为困难。多层递阶方法将预测系统视为动态系统,具有跟踪系统时变参数的特性,但没能考虑高相关影响因子的重要性。回归分析考虑到了高相关影响因子的重要性,但由于采用定常参数建模,不能反映动态系统时变参数的特性。将多层递阶方法和回归分析方法结合起来,用于单一水位流量关系曲线的高水延长。方法克服了传统的单一水位流量关系曲线高水延长时线型的需要选择、精度难以控制、效率低和不易程序化等缺点,为单一水位流量关系曲线的高水延长提供了一种新途径。  相似文献   

2.
宋秋波  黄凯  乔家乐 《水文》2018,38(3):43-48
准确计算降水补给系数对于水资源评价等十分重要。水位动态法因其使用方便、成本低、精度高等优点被广泛用于计算降水入渗补给系数。但传统水位动态法是以次降水入渗补给过程为基础,往往忽略过程中地下水排泄、滞后等问题,导致计算结果存在偏差。针对传统水位动态法的不足,提出一种改进水位动态法,将年降水看作一次降水过程,基于水均衡原理,计算降水入渗补给系数。并以沧州市金牛镇大牛庄村为例,对比两种方法的计算结果。结果表明:虽然两种方法计算结果在同一数量级,但改进水位动态法相对于传统水位动态法减小了降水入渗补给系数间的偏差,使得结果更集中可靠。  相似文献   

3.
涑水盆地承压水下降漏斗的形成与发展趋势研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
曹小虎  赵文敏 《地下水》1997,19(3):94-97
本文根据多年地下水动态观测资料,对涑水盆地承压水下降漏斗的形成过程进村了系统研究,并运用线性与曲线两种相关分析法分析了涑水盆地承压水开采量与地下水水位及漏斗面积的关系,对不同开采条件下漏斗的扩展趋势进行了预测,提出了合理控制漏斗发展的必要性。  相似文献   

4.
在水文計算工作中,有时需要在缺少实測流量資料情况下繪制水位流量关系曲线。現今常用的有两种基本方法:一种是根据相应水位引借流量关系曲线;一种是根据謝才公式繪制。 利用相应水位法,要在邻近断面有水位流量关系曲线,而且两个断面的水位关系必須十分密切。 由于糙率选择任意性較大,确定河段水面比降也上匕較麻煩,因此采用謝才公式来計算水位流量关系曲  相似文献   

5.
《地下水》2015,(6)
根据河北平原地下水开发利用及水位监测资料,对区内地下水水位变化情况进行分析研究,认为长期过度开发地下水资源与气候变暖、降水减少两大因素相关,控制了河北平原地下水动态特征。为解决区域地下水水位下降及其相关的环境问题提供科学依据。  相似文献   

6.
我国北方岩溶水资源是其经济社会发展的重要资源基础,表征水资源赋存特征的岩溶地下水位动态及其影响因素分析能够为岩溶水资源管理及合理开发利用提供重要支撑。本文选取鲁中地区3个典型水文地质单元,基于2010-2017年月值降水、地下水位及NPI气象指数数据,采用小波分析方法对上述指标的周期性、响应特征及遥相关特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)各岩溶地下水位动态、降水与NPI的主波动周期均为1 a,其显著周期与分布时段等的异同是受自然条件和人类活动共同作用的结果。(2)各水文地质单元岩溶水位对降水的响应时滞为95.81~146.64 d,其差异主要源于观测站所处的地下水流系统的位置的不同。(3)NPI与降水存在一定的遥相关,与受降水影响的岩溶水位动态也存在遥相关。各岩溶水位对NPI的遥相关时滞为111.75~169.77 d,相比水位对降水时滞有所增加。鲁中岩溶地区地下水位对降水与NPI存在规律性的响应时滞,此种特征可为我国北方岩溶地下水位的预警预报提供帮助。   相似文献   

7.
汪斌  唐辉明 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z1):193-197
库岸滑坡同坡体内地下水渗流场的动态变化具有密切的关系。传统的饱和土渗流分析方法无法正确描述水位升降过程中岸坡内孔压场的动态变化规律。从饱和-非饱和非稳定渗流理论出发,选取典型的岩土体的渗流参数,对含有弱透水夹层的理想层状岸坡进行有限元数值分析,得到水位升降过程中岸坡内孔隙水的渗流规律。同时,也得到了坡体内基质吸力和体积含水率随库水位升降变化的历时曲线。分析表明,岩土体的饱和渗透系数、土水特征曲线以及坡体的结构特征等共同决定了水位升降过程中岸坡内孔隙水压力和浸润线的分布。模拟结果可为库岸尤其是含弱透水层边坡的稳定性评价及岸坡的排水加固提供参考依据。  相似文献   

8.
样条函数在电算推流中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
一、问题的提出用电算整编流量资料,要求通过水位~流量关系点群作一条光滑的曲线,来推求其数学表达式。但是,由于天然河道各种水力因素变化复杂,水位~流量曲线只是一种相关的关系,因而很难用一个确切的函数来表达其相关的关系,通常根据水位~流量关系曲线的线型,选用特定的函数来逼近。如:抛物线,幂指数线以及双曲线等函数。这些函数往往只能在水位~流量关系曲线的某一段有定义,常采用分段选配函数的形式来提高求解的精度。然而由于分段选择函数的表达形式不一,导致曲线在分段处不连续,产生与实际情况不符合的现象。另一种常用的方法是,根  相似文献   

9.
注水井与采油井间的关联分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文引进了两种进行注水井和采油井关联分析的方法—灰色系统分析法和秩相关分析法。灰色系统分析法采用灰色系统理论中的关联系统理论中的关联分析理论,秩相关分析法采用Spearman秩相关系数和秩差平方和,用t-检验来度量其显著性。  相似文献   

10.
淮北市岩溶水源地超采评价   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以安徽淮北市水源地为例,结合水位动态过程与开采影响程度,确定超采的临界水位;利用水位动态模拟模型和超采临界水位,对1997~2003年实际开采过程进行超采程度评价;分析研究区的超采成因,探讨限采规划思路。  相似文献   

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12.
韩明超  李鸿娟 《地下水》2012,34(5):12-13
在计算山前侧向补给量的方法中,最常用的就是达西断面法,但达西断面法需要获取较多的参数,对于山前无钻孔或只有少量钻孔且水文地质研究程度较低的区域,很难采用达西断面法来计算得到山前侧向补给量。对于无法运用达西断面法但存在完整式截潜工程的山丘区,可以结合完整式截潜工程的截潜量利用水量均衡法计算山前侧向补给量。  相似文献   

13.
Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated.  相似文献   

14.
通过2004年度各相关图幅的大力工作,在基础地质、矿产和资源等方面取得了大量实际材料,综合研究区域构造.地层格架、青藏高原地质图和青藏高原南部火山岩及其地球动力学意义等,取得重要进展和新认识,在矿产资源、旅游和人文景观等方面也取得重要阶段性成果。  相似文献   

15.
通过2 0 0 4年度各相关图幅的大力工作,在基础地质、矿产和资源等方面取得了大量实际材料,综合研究区域构造地层格架、青藏高原地质图和青藏高原南部火山岩及其地球动力学意义等,取得重要进展和新认识,在矿产资源、旅游和人文景观等方面也取得重要阶段性成果。  相似文献   

16.
关中盆地大荔地区地下水氟水文地球化学规律   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为了研究关中盆地大荔地区氟的水文地球化学规律,采集239个地下水样品及35个土壤样品,分析了水化学类型和水化学组分对氟的影响,结果表明在弱碱性环境下,重碳酸钠型是促进氟富集并增强围岩向地下水中转化的主要因素;硫酸钙镁型的地下水抑制氟富集。水化学组分中Na+、Cl-、HCO3-、pH与氟呈正相关,而Ca2+则抑制水溶液中氟含量增加;迁移系数与HCO3-、pH呈正相关关系,与其他主要离子呈负相关关系。利用Preeqic软件分析了饱和指数和Ca2+、F-的离子活度,得出萤石的平衡控制着氟和钙的水文地球化学行为,F-可能来源于萤石和方解石的分解。  相似文献   

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18.
Doklady Earth Sciences - A new approach to the problem of determining the density of emission fluxes of anthropogenic impurities from distributed urban sources by the rate of growth of the integral...  相似文献   

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The significant role of the drainage area’s geological background in the formation of the groundwater runoff in the active water-exchange zone was revealed for the first time on the basis of long-term observations of streams of the Upper Kolyma River region during the autumn-winter low-water period, when the rivers are fed only by the groundwater recharge. The analysis of all the available data made it possible to define the characteristic periods in the autumn-winter low-water season. The waters of the seasonally thawed layer play the dominant role in the river’s recharge in September; the suprapermafrost water, in January; and the subgelisol water (nonfreezing water streams) during the 30-day-long period of the minimal flow. The quantitative parameters of the groundwater runoff corresponding to its module during this period reflect the water influx to the active water-exchange zone. It is established that the latter is minimal in the In’yali-Debin synclinorium, which consists of sedimentary rocks formed in deepwater trough environments. Their subsequent transformation proceeded under the action of subduction-accretionary and shear strains. The water availability in the active water-exchange in the Ayan-Yuryakh anticlinorium zone is substantially higher, although the Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic sedimentary formations of this area were also deposited in deepwater trough settings, but their subsequent evolution was related to the uplift of the anticlinorium. The maximal watering is observed in the active water-exchange zone of the Omulevka terrane, which is composed of Paleozoic terrigenous-carbonate and carbonate formations. The differences in the hydrogeological regimes of the terranes may be significant with respect to their geoecology.  相似文献   

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