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安徽茂林岩体为中国东部中生代皖南构造-岩浆带中的一个浅层侵入岩体,是檀树岭钼矿和湛岭钼矿的成矿母岩。该岩体的主要岩性为花岗闪长岩、花岗斑岩、斑状花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩等。对茂林花岗闪长岩体进行LA-ICP-MS锆石UPb测年,结果显示锆石Th/U值为0.38~0.66,为典型的岩浆成因锆石。花岗闪长岩~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为140.8±0.8Ma(n=19,MSWD=2.3),结合锆石自形、岩浆环带发育等特点,该年龄为茂林花岗闪长岩的成岩年龄,显示岩体形成于早白垩世。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示,茂林花岗闪长岩锆石振荡岩浆环带具负εHf(t)值(-9.7~-6.2),揭示花岗闪长岩主要形成于下地壳的熔融。 相似文献
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西藏列廷冈铁多金属矿床位于冈底斯-念青唐古拉岩浆弧北缘,是冈底斯北缘Pb_Zn_Ag_Cu_Fe多金属成矿带上典型的铁多金属矿床,与成矿关系最为密切的岩体为花岗闪长岩和花岗斑岩。采用锆石LA_ICP_MS对花岗闪长岩和花岗斑岩进行了定年,结果显示花岗闪长岩的成岩年龄为58.69±0.68 Ma,花岗斑岩成岩年龄为60.69±0.98 Ma。与加拉普铁多金属矿、沙让钼矿、亚贵拉铅锌银矿等冈底斯-念青唐古拉岩浆弧上其它矿床的对比分析表明,这一系列矿床受印度-欧亚大陆碰撞过程中地幔的岩浆底侵作用影响,形成于印度-亚洲大陆碰撞早期。列廷冈锆石的Lu-Hf测试结果显示岩体的εHf(t)值为-3.01~3.0,Hf二阶段模式年龄742~1 322 Ma,表明岩浆具有壳幔混源的特点。结合列廷冈的目前勘探情况,认为在区域的铁多金属矿中,深部的Cu、Pb、Zn矿产将是今后勘查方向。 相似文献
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冈底斯东段羌堆铜钼矿床年代学、矽卡岩石榴石成分及其意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
羌堆铜钼矿床是在冈底斯成矿带东段新发现的一处斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床.二长花岗斑岩是该矿床的主要成矿斑岩体,本文用精确的LA-IcP-Ms锆石u-Pb定年获得其年龄为16.7±0.9Ma,确定该矿床为中新世成矿,与冈底斯成矿带上驱龙、甲马矿床为同一期成矿事件.对该矿床矽卡岩中石榴石系统研究表明,早期矽卡岩主要以钙铝榴石为主,... 相似文献
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驱龙超大型斑岩铜矿床是冈底斯斑岩铜矿带上最为重要的矿床,矿区侵入岩较发育,但流纹斑岩及英安流纹斑岩的形成时代存在争议。在野外及岩相学观察基础上,结合LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得流纹斑岩年龄值为169.9±0.61 Ma,英安流纹斑岩年龄值分别为166.0±1.8 Ma及173.8±0.56 Ma,黑云母花岗闪长岩年龄值为16.98±0.15 Ma。结合前人年代学研究,认为流纹斑岩及英安流纹斑岩可能在早侏罗世即开始活动,一直持续到晚侏罗世。而黑云母花岗闪长岩的形成时代与前人研究一致,皆为中新世。此外,驱龙矿区岩浆岩演化经历了早-晚侏罗世、中新世早期和中新世中期三个阶段,其中,中新世早期岩浆活动与成矿时代具有很好的一致性。最后认为,驱龙矿区岩浆岩活动时间与新特提斯洋俯冲阶段及印度-亚洲大陆碰撞后汇聚过程中发生的岩浆作用阶段相对应。岩浆活动与成矿受到这两大构造活动事件的影响。 相似文献
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西藏革吉县尕尔穷铜金矿矽卡岩特征及成因意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对矽卡岩岩石学特征、矿物学特征研究,发现矽卡岩主要产于大理岩和石英闪长岩、花岗斑岩接触带上,垂向上多有大理岩-硅化角岩-矽卡岩化大理岩-硅灰石矽卡岩-透辉石矽卡岩-石榴子石矽卡岩-石英闪长岩的分带特征。矽卡岩岩石地球化学特征、稀土元素和微量元素特征显示矽卡岩主要为钙矽卡岩,具有弱Eu负异常和轻稀土富集等特征;同时具有富集Rb、Th、Cs、U等大离子亲石元素和亏损Hf、Ti、Y等高场强元素特征。矽卡岩地球化学特征受大理岩和石英闪长岩、花岗斑岩的控制和影响,显示其与大理岩、石英闪长岩和花岗斑岩成因上有密切关系。通过对班公湖-怒江成矿带成矿背景和时空关系的讨论,指示了尕尔穷矿床成因是与岩浆热液有关的接触交代型矿床。 相似文献
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黑龙江小多宝山Fe-Cu矿床是多宝山-三矿沟多金属成矿带内一典型的矽卡岩型矿床。根据矿物共生组合及矿脉穿切关系,将其成矿作用划分为两期:矽卡岩期和石英-硫化物期;进一步划分为五个阶段:石榴子石-辉石干矽卡岩阶段;绿帘石-阳起石等含水硅酸盐湿矽卡岩阶段;磁铁矿-镜铁矿-石英氧化物阶段;黄铁矿-黄铜矿-石英早期硫化物阶段以及方铅矿-闪锌矿-方解石晚期硫化物阶段。本文报道了该矿床成矿岩体花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩地球化学及锆石Hf同位素数据。花岗闪长岩锆石加权年龄为176±1Ma(MSWD=0.10,n=23),反映小多宝山矿床成矿时代为早侏罗世。其岩石地球化学特征表现为:富钠(Na2O/K2O=1.45%~1.63%),准铝质(A/CNK=0.92~0.97),富集轻稀土元素(LREE)、大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、Sr、K等),相对亏损高场强元素(如Ta、Nb、Ti等),(La/Yb)N=11.16~12.87,表现出弱的负Eu异常(δEu=0.85~0.92),显示出岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学亲缘性。综合岩石地球化学及同位素测试结果,小多宝山花岗闪长岩为准铝质高钾-钙碱性I型花岗岩,起源于幔源岩浆结晶分异作用。锆石Hf同位素εHf(t)为+7.6^+11.4,二阶段模式年龄(tDM2)为492~732Ma,指示其岩浆源区为古生代新生地壳的熔融。结合区域构造演化,推断小多宝山花岗闪长岩形成于古太平洋板块俯冲的构造环境。 相似文献
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皖南宁国竹溪岭钨银矿床是近年来发现的一个与花岗岩类有关的矽卡岩型矿床,准确厘定其成矿年龄及相关侵入岩体的年龄有利于深入认识区域岩浆作用与成矿作用的规律。本文在矿床地质调查的基础上,应用现代同位素定年技术开展地质年代学研究,获得矿床矿石中的辉钼矿Re-Os模式年龄为142.7±2.1 Ma和142.9±2.1 Ma,相关侵入岩体花岗闪长岩、花岗斑岩和花岗闪长斑岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为139.8±1.8 Ma、143.3±1.9 Ma、140.2±1.7 Ma,显示矿床的成矿年龄与侵入岩体的成岩年龄基本一致,为燕山晚期早白垩世。矿床矿石中的辉钼矿的Re含量指示成矿物质来源于地壳和地幔的混合;与成矿相关侵入岩的稀土元素和Hf同位素组成特征指示成岩物质也具有壳幔混源特征,显示成矿物质来源与成岩物质来源具有一致性。区域岩浆岩和矿床的对比表明,与之相邻的长江中下游地区、浙西地区和赣东北地区乃至整个华南地区这一时期发生了大规模的岩浆作用和钨锡多金属成矿作用,显示扬子板块在此阶段处于岩浆–成矿大爆发时期,皖南地区的成矿时代对应于华南中生代三次大规模岩浆作用和成矿作用的第二阶段。 相似文献
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太行山北段位于华北克拉通中部,以发育中生代中酸性岩浆岩及多个大中型斑岩-矽卡岩铜钼矿床和金矿床为主要特征,最近在南部赤瓦屋岩体内部发现新类型铜钨矿体。文章选择赤瓦屋岩体为对象,开展不同岩相详细的野外地质和锆石U-Pb测年工作,确定赤瓦屋岩体不同岩性的成岩时代,探讨其地质意义。研究表明,赤瓦屋岩体有边缘相石英闪长岩、边缘相花岗闪长岩和中心相斑状花岗闪长岩及晚期中酸性岩脉,其中铜钨矿化主要发育于中心相斑状花岗闪长岩。石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、斑状花岗闪长岩和花岗闪长斑岩脉的锆石U-Pb谐和年龄分别为(134±1)Ma、(133±1)Ma、(131±2)Ma和(128±1)Ma,表明赤瓦屋岩体不同岩相体形成于早白垩世(134~131Ma)。结合区域年代学资料,提出太行山北段晚中生代至少存在两期岩浆-成矿事件。 相似文献
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广西佛子冲铅锌矿区岩浆岩发育,其中花岗闪长岩与矿化存在密切的空间分布关系,在花岗闪长岩与围岩接触带形成矽卡岩化,主要铅锌矿体分布于矽卡岩蚀变带中。本文通过对花岗闪长岩和伟晶岩中锆石的研究,并采用LA—ICP-MS对单颗锆石进行了年龄测定,分别获得～228Ma和～248Ma两组和谐年龄,以及一批锆石稀土元素数据。在空间上,伟晶岩脉仅仅分布于花岗闪长岩附近,在伟晶岩中有花岗闪长岩残留。两组锆石样品中的稀土配分特征十分相似,两者的单颗粒锆石同位素年龄值也基本一致,这一时间与广西钦防海槽开始闭合,华夏板块与扬子板块发生碰撞的时间一致;反映出在海西．印支早期沿岑溪．博白深大断裂有一次岩浆上侵于老地层中,形成侵入岩和铅锌矿床。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献