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1.
班公湖—怒江缝合带是青藏高原内一条重要的缝合带,其俯冲极性和闭合时限一直存在着争议,这无疑限制了我们对青藏高原演化历史的认识。本文对仲岗安山玄武岩和一套新发现的晚白垩世安山岩进行研究,获得了其锆石U-Pb年龄分别为123.75±0.92 Ma和74.23±0.76 Ma。仲岗安山玄武岩锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)值为-7.3~+4.4,具有岛弧玄武岩特征,指示班公湖—怒江洋盆在该地区仍然继续向北俯冲;晚白垩世安山岩锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)值为+3.1~+11.1,其可能是亏损地幔混熔了部分的陆壳物质而形成的,且不整合在蛇绿岩之上。结合区域资料本文认为班公湖—怒江洋盆在改则地区的闭合时限在100~75 Ma之间。 相似文献
2.
班公湖-怒江缝合带中广泛分布早白垩世安山岩,其中碰撞后地壳增生所产生的安山岩对于青藏高原隆升研究具有重要的意义。赞宗错安山岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带中段下白垩统去申拉组陆相红层中,锆石U-Pb年龄结果表明安山岩形成于113. 44±0. 88Ma～115. 00±0. 51Ma,属早白垩世晚期。岩石地球化学分析结果表明赞宗错安山岩属高钾钙碱性系列,富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素和重稀土元素。同时,安山岩εNd(t)为-3. 56～-1. 40,(87Sr/86Sr)i相对恒定(0. 7069～0. 7079),εHf(t)值为较小的正负值(-3. 66～6. 05)。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素和锆石Hf同位素显示安山岩来自幔源玄武质岩浆上涌造成的镁铁质下地壳部分重熔,为碰撞后地壳增生、下地壳重熔的产物,同时有幔源物质加入,指示了青藏高原中部地壳加厚及隆升。结合拉萨-南羌塘地块碰撞时间,推断赞宗错安山岩发育年代代表了高原中部早期隆升时间。本文为探讨青藏高原早期隆升提供了物质记录和有力证据。 相似文献
3.
西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带广泛分布中生代岩浆活动,对于认识特提斯洋的演化有重要的启示。班公湖-怒江缝合带中段东卡错微陆块去申拉组安山岩的锆石U-Pb测年和Hf同位素测试结果显示,其中21个测点给出的锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为110.3±0.7Ma;ε_(Hf)(t)值为-5.66～1.05,二阶段Hf模式年龄为1020～1448Ma,表现出壳幔混源的特征。综合区域构造沉积演化及前人研究成果,认为东卡错微陆块内发育的去申拉组火山岩很可能与早白垩世班公湖-怒江洋壳南向俯冲消减引起的板片断离有关,并形成于板内伸展环境,其岩浆来源于聂荣微陆块成熟地壳物质发生深熔或重熔作用形成的酸性熔体与古老岩石圈地幔部分熔融产生的基性熔体的混合。 相似文献
4.
班公湖-怒江缝合带中段东巧地区早白垩世岩浆作用——对大洋演化和地壳增厚的指示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对班公湖-怒江缝合带内的岩浆作用进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年和地球化学分析,在辉绿岩中获得138.7±1.0Ma的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值,在流纹岩中获得了110.4±0.4Ma的谐和年龄,表明区内岩浆作用具有2期成因。地球化学研究认为,辉绿岩是地幔熔融的产物,花岗闪长岩为岩石圈地幔熔融的产物,而流纹岩显示2类不同的岩石地球化学特征,低Sr流纹岩为古老岩石圈地幔熔体经历分离结晶作用的产物,高Sr流纹岩具有埃达克岩的特征,为增厚下地壳熔融的产物。综合已有的研究,早白垩世岩浆作用在缝合带两侧均有展布,其中早期岩浆岩为班公湖-怒江洋双向俯冲的产物,末期岩浆岩是碰撞后俯冲洋壳前缘断离形成的。早白垩世班公湖-怒江洋经历了双向俯冲到大洋闭合的演化过程,并在早白垩世末期发生了俯冲洋壳的断离事件。同时,高Sr流纹岩的发现表明,早白垩世末期班公湖-怒江缝合带已经发生了明显的地壳增厚作用。 相似文献
5.
西藏北部拉萨地块那曲地区约113Ma安山岩岩石成因与意义 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
西藏北部拉萨地块广泛分布着早白垩世岩浆岩,由于缺少高质量的年代学和地球化学数据,其岩浆源区和岩石成因迄今未能很好约束。本文报道了北部拉萨地块那曲地区安山岩的锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素数据。那曲安山岩锆石U-Pb年龄为112.7±0.7Ma。岩石为高钾钙碱性系列,富集大离子亲石元素、Th、U和轻稀土元素[(La/Yb)N=6.62～11.68],亏损Nb、Ta、P和Ti等高场强元素。样品具有较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.7100～0.7126)、负的全岩εNd(t)值(-10.5～-7.8)和负的锆石εHf(t)值(-9.9～-4.7),对应于古老的Nd同位素二阶段模式年龄(1.5～1.8Ga)和锆石Hf同位素地幔模式年龄(1.0～1.6Ga)。综合岩石学、地球化学和区域构造背景研究认为,那曲地区安山岩形成于南向俯冲的班公湖-怒江洋壳岩石圈板片断离的背景,很可能是受早期流体/沉积物熔体交代富集的安多微陆块古老岩石圈地幔物质部分熔融的产物,并经历了不同程度的分离结晶。 相似文献
6.
对出露于拉萨地块北部的达如错接奴群安山岩进行了年代学、元素地球化学和锆石原位Hf同位素研究。用LAICP-MS技术测得的安山岩锆石206Pb/238U年龄为163.3±1.7Ma,即火山活动时限为晚侏罗世早期。安山岩地球化学研究结果表明,其具有典型高镁安山岩的地球化学特征,所有样品均具有较高的Mg O、Mg#值,低的TFe O/Mg O值(小于1.5);所有样品都显示轻稀土元素富集,具有Eu负异常,富集大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素的特征;锆石εHf(t)值为较均一的负值(εHf(t)=-8.5~-6.7)。研究表明,达如错高镁安山岩很可能是班公湖—怒江洋壳在俯冲消减背景下,由俯冲沉积物熔融产生的熔体与地幔橄榄岩发生交代作用的产物,形成于与班公湖—怒江洋壳俯冲消减有关的活动大陆边缘(安第斯型)的构造环境。由此认为,晚侏罗世接奴群火山岩是班公湖—怒江洋壳俯冲消减的产物,从而为班公湖—怒江洋壳的俯冲消减提供了直接的火山岩证据。 相似文献
7.
西藏达如错地区晚侏罗世高镁安山岩——班公湖—怒江洋壳俯冲消减的证据 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对出露于拉萨地块北部的达如错接奴群安山岩进行了年代学、元素地球化学和锆石原位Hf同位素研究。用LA-ICP-MS技术测得的安山岩锆石206Pb/238U年龄为163.3±1.7Ma,即火山活动时限为晚侏罗世早期。安山岩地球化学研究结果表明,其具有典型高镁安山岩的地球化学特征,所有样品均具有较高的MgO、Mg#值,低的TFeO/MgO值（小于1.5）;所有样品都显示轻稀土元素富集,具有Eu负异常,富集大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素的特征;锆石εHf(t)值为较均一的负值（εHf(t)=-8.5~-6.7）。研究表明,达如错高镁安山岩很可能是班公湖—怒江洋壳在俯冲消减背景下,由俯冲沉积物熔融产生的熔体与地幔橄榄岩发生交代作用的产物,形成于与班公湖—怒江洋壳俯冲消减有关的活动大陆边缘（安第斯型）的构造环境。由此认为,晚侏罗世接奴群火山岩是班公湖—怒江洋壳俯冲消减的产物,从而为班公湖—怒江洋壳的俯冲消减提供了直接的火山岩证据。 相似文献
8.
拉萨地体北部出露大面积早白垩世岩浆岩,对它们的成因和形成机制的研究,有助于揭示拉萨地块白垩纪时期的岩浆作用过程及动力学背景.通过岩石学、地球化学和同位素地质学方法对拉萨地体北带永珠地区早白垩世中-酸性岩浆岩进行了研究.结果显示黑云母二长花岗岩、流纹岩和安山岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为118±1.0 Ma、121±0.8 Ma和115±0.8 Ma,代表了其侵入和喷出时代.黑云母二长花岗岩、花岗斑岩和流纹岩为高钾钙碱性过铝质-强过铝质岩浆岩（A/CNK=1.01~1.35）,亏损高场强元素Nb、P、Ti和大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K和放射性元素U、Th;稀土配分图显示LREE富集,HREE近平坦,Eu明显负异常,为形成于大陆边缘的岛弧岩浆岩特征.黑云母二长花岗岩和流纹岩的锆石Hf初始比值εHf（t）分别为-1.21~3.01和-0.68~5.35,对应的两阶段模式年龄分别为0.99~1.26 Ga和0.84~1.22 Ga,为壳幔混源岩浆.安山岩为高钾钙碱性,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti、U和Sr,富集Rb、K和Th,稀土配分图显示LREE富集,HREE近平坦,Eu轻微负异常,为形成于大陆边缘弧的岩浆岩.结合前人研究成果,分析认为永珠地区早白垩世岩浆岩形成于班公湖-怒江特提斯洋壳南向俯冲作用下的大陆边缘弧环境,由俯冲的班公湖-怒江中特提斯洋板片在深部脱水熔融,进而诱发上覆地幔楔部分熔融形成基性岩浆上涌,导致下地壳物质发生部分熔融形成酸性岩浆,它们在上升过程中按不同比例混合,形成中性和酸性岩浆侵入到地下或喷出地表,形成侵入岩和火山岩. 相似文献
9.
大兴安岭中段索伦地区玛尼吐组火山岩年代学、地球化学及其构造背景 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
索伦地区玛尼吐组火山岩岩相学鉴定为安山岩、粗安岩和英安岩,化学成分显示以玄武粗面安山岩、粗安岩为主,少量流纹岩。LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示其形成于130~132 Ma之间的早白垩世。地球化学特点上主要属高钾钙碱性系列。稀土总量较高(95.19~198.38)×10~(-6),轻重稀土分馏较明显(LREE/HREE=6.38~10.59),弱的负铕异常(δEu=0.68~1.01),富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Th)和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P、Ti)。微量元素具高Sr(多499×10~(-6))和低Yb(最大值为2.83×10~(-6)3.6×10~(-6))、Y(多29.9×10~(-6))和高Sr/Y和低Rb/Sr比值,显示了弧火山岩的特征。正的ε_(Hf)(t)值(7.3~13.7),锆石~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf平均值为0.282964,显示玛尼吐组安山质岩浆源区主要为岩石圈地幔和新增生下地壳的部分熔融,且岩浆形成的过程中受到了流体的改造作用。玛尼吐组火山岩形成于岛弧构造环境,该岛弧构造背景的产生可能与受古太平洋板块俯冲作用有关。 相似文献
10.
内蒙古赤峰敖汉旗一带的朝吐沟组火山岩由变玄武岩、变流纹岩组成,是一套典型的"双峰式"火山岩组合。采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年方法,获得了流纹岩的锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为(359±1)Ma和(360±1)Ma,形成于晚泥盆世法门期。火山岩的Si O2含量分布在46.24%~56.6%和77.59%~85.75%,分别属于变玄武岩(玄武安山岩)和变流纹岩。变玄武岩(玄武安山岩)轻稀土元素弱富集而重稀土元素略亏损,(La/Yb)N=2.4~8.76,有弱Eu负异常,富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素,Nb、Ta、Ti有明显负异常,87Sr/86Sr初始比值为0.705076~0.707770,具有高的正εNd(t)值(+0.51~+4.90)和年轻的模式年龄TDM(964~1090 Ma),推断其源于遭受地壳物质混染的亏损地幔;变流纹岩富硅、钾和钠,贫镁,具有轻稀土元素富集而重稀土元素略亏损,(La/Yb)N=7.07~11.07,有强烈的Eu负异常(δEu=0.12~0.43),Ti、P、Sr、Ba相对强烈亏损,Nb、Ta亏损,Rb、Th、U、K相对富集;其87Sr/86Sr初始比值为0.713757~0.739647,εNd(t)值为-1.75~+2.54),和年轻的模式年龄TDM(846~1156 Ma);多数锆石的εHf(t)为-2.3~+6.9,年轻的模式年龄TDM(707~1074 Ma),具有A型花岗岩的特征,推测其来源为新元古代时新生的年轻陆壳。综合前人区域研究成果、地球化学特征,朝吐沟组"双峰式"火山岩形成于晚泥盆世板内伸展构造背景。 相似文献
11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
Humboldt, Arago, and the temperature of groundwater 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stanley N. Davis 《Hydrogeology Journal》1999,7(5):501-503
15.
Shaofeng Wang Yongfeng Jia Shuying Wang Xin Wang He Wang Zhixi Zhao Bingzhu Liu 《Applied Geochemistry》2009,24(9):1702-1711
Mercury contamination in aquatic environments is of worldwide concern because of its high biomagnification factor in food chains and long-range transport. The rivers, estuary and the bay along the northwestern Bohai Sea coast, northeastern China have been heavily contaminated by Hg due to long-term Zn smelting and chlor-alkali production. This work investigated the distributions of total Hg (THg) and monomethylmercury (MMHg) in the water, sediment and hydrophytes from this area. Concentrations of THg in sediment (0.5–64 mg kg−1) and water (39–2700 ng L−1) were elevated by 1–3 orders of magnitude compared to background concentrations, which induced high concentrations of MMHg in these media. The highest concentration of MMHg in sediment reached 35 μg kg−1, which was comparable to that in the Hg mining area, Wanshan, China, and the highest MMHg concentration of 3.0 ng L−1 in the water sample exceeded the MMHg Chinese drinking water guideline of 1.0 ng L−1. Concentrations of THg in a sediment profile from Jinzhou Bay were found to be consistent with annual Hg emission flux from a local Zn smelter (r = 0.74, p < 0.01), indicating that Hg contamination was mainly caused by Zn smelting locally. For some freshwater hydrophytes, concentrations of THg and MMHg ranged from 5.2 to 100 μg kg−1 and 0.15 to 12 μg kg−1, respectively. Compared to sediment, concentrations of THg in hydrophytes were 2–3 orders of magnitude lower but MMHg was comparable or higher, indicating that the bioaccumulation in plants was distinct for the two Hg species studied. The data suggest that a significant load of Hg has been released into the northwestern coastal region of the Bohai Sea. 相似文献
16.
Average concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, and other metals, as well as S and As, were calculated for the Aue granitic cupola,
the contact aureole of which hosts the large vein-type uranium deposit of Schlema-Alberoda and the Schneeberg uranium-base
metal deposit (Erzgebirge, Germany). The cupola was exposed by mine workings and boreholes, which provided an opportunity
to evaluate variations in the abundances of metals in the granites over a vertical interval of more than 2.5 km and estimate
their losses in the upper oxidized part of the investigated volume of the cupola (coefficient of iron oxidation, KO
Fe, increases in the granites from bottom to top from 7 to 70%) compared with the lower unaltered and unoxidized part (with
a KO
Fe plateau at about 5%). The average concentrations of metals in the upper part of the cupola are lower than those in the lower
part by a factor of 2.5 for Pb, 1.56 for Zn, 1.45 for Cu, 1.3 for Co, etc. A similar decrease in the abundances of ore elements
along the vertical section associating with the relative epigenetic alteration and oxidation of the granite was previously
described by us for U and Th and for the components of high-temperature ores, W, Sn, and Mo. The removal of ore elements from
the granite was accompanied by a decrease in the bulk contents of sulfur and arsenic by a factor of 1.35 and 1.65, respectively.
The leaching of trace metals from the granites of the upper part of the Aue cupola was followed by their partial redeposition
above the cupola in the ore veins of the Schlema and Schneeberg deposits.
Original Russian Text ? Vikt. L. Barsukov, N.T. Sokolova, O.M. Ivanitskii, 2006, published in Geokhimiya, 2006, No. 9, pp.
967–982. 相似文献
17.
The behavior of trace elements under conditions of partial melting of granitoid rocks has been studied. The element’s partition coefficients between minerals and the melt Dimin/melt depends, in the first place, on the composition of the primary melt. In biotite the HREE Di are a little below 1, while those of LREE, especially Di for Ce, are 1–3 orders of magnitude less. This leads to an efficient differentiation of REEs in anatexic melts especially when biotite is the main mineral phase of restite. On the contrary, there are feldspars, the Di of which cannot provide such a magnitude of differentiation. Unlike garnets and pyroxenes, whose stability in restite permits enrichment of anatexic melts produced in migmatization zones with Nb, Ti, and Cr, the presence of biotite in restite causes depletion of melts with those elements as well as with Rb. Feldspars, under conditions of their fractional crystallization or during differentiation of an anatexic melt, deplete the latter with Sr, Ba, and Rb, but enrich it with Nb, Ti, Cr, Y, Zr, and V. 相似文献
18.
Text, talk, things, and the subpolitics of performing place 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article tells the story of how a group of Dutch and Belgian citizens organized themselves to promote an area that they valued, to put it on the map, to raise awareness about its qualities, and to protect it from urban and industrial development. Our theoretical perspective focuses on the performative and political aspects of this place-making process and the discursive and material practices involved. We connect this to Beck’s concept of subpolitics.Our findings show how the group performed this place not only through text and talk - giving the area a name, using their knowledge and expertise to raise awareness about its values, lobbying and cooperating with decision-makers -, but also through things - installing art objects and information signs that articulate certain characteristics and values of the area. Our findings demonstrate the struggles involved in these performances. The group involved multiple perspectives on what the important values and characteristics of the area are and on what strategies would work best in trying to influence decision-making and protect the area. However, the use of expertise as the main strategy to gain influence excluded the more critical and activist strategies and privileging archaeological and historical values and characteristics came at the expense of attention on agricultural and natural values.Our findings make clear that performing place cannot be taken to be homogeneous and that it inevitably involves multiple perspectives and demands. The struggles, power relations and dynamics of inclusion and exclusion that this multiplicity implicates reveal a form of sub-politics that involves both politicization and depoliticization. Also, it is a form of subpolitics that is more diverse and ambiguous than Beck’s conceptualization presupposes by its emphasis on the role of outsiders as a homogeneous group. 相似文献
19.
The dielectric constants and dielectric loss values of 4 Ca-containing minerals were determined at 1 MHz using a two-terminal method and empirically determined edge corrections. The results are: vesuvianitel κ′ a=9.93 tan δ=0.006 κ′ c=9.79 tan δ=0.005 vesuvianitel κ′ a=10.02 tan δ=0.002 κ′ c=9.85 tan δ=0.003 zoisite1 κ′ a =10.49 tan δ=0.0006 κ′ b =15.31 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ c=9.51 tan δ=0.0008 zoisite2 κ′ a =10.55 tan δ=0.0011 κ′ b =15.45 tan δ=0.0013 κ′ c=9.39 tan δ=0.0008 epidote κ′ 11= 9.52 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ 22=17.1 tan δ=0.0009 κ′ 33= 9.37 tan δ=0.0006 fluorapatite1 κ′ a =10.48 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ c = 8.72 tan δ=0.0114 fluorapatite2 κ′ a =10.40 tan δ=0.0010 κ′ c=8.26 tan δ=0.0178 The deviation (δ) between measured dielectric polarizabilities as determined from the Clausius-Mosotti equation and those calculated from the sum of oxide polarizabilities according to α D (mineral)=∑ α D (oxides) for vesuvianite is ～ 0.5%. The large deviations of epidote and zoisite from the additivity rule with Δ=+ 10.1 and + 11.7%, respectively, are attributed to “rattling” Ca ions. The combined effects of both a large F thermal parameter and possible F-ion conductivity in fluorapatite are believed to be responsible for Δ=+2–3%. Although variation of oxygen polarizability with oxygen molar volume (Vo) is believed to affect the total polarizabilities, the variation of Vo in these Ca minerals is too small to observe the effect. 相似文献
20.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献