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1.
文章对欧洲和亚洲黄土分布资料进行了整理,结合欧亚的旧石器考古资料,发现在旧石器早期,欧亚大陆的考古遗址主要分布在黄土带上,这反映了在旧石器早期,东西文化的交流与传播可能存在着一条"黄土之路"。这条"黄土之路"东至中国华北,在天山、阿尔泰山地区分为两条线,在高加索地区汇合,通过欧洲,一直向西至法国和不列颠群岛。通过对欧洲、中亚和东亚黄土旧石器遗址剖面的对比,发现无论是冰期还是间冰期,在黄土分布区,有的地方一直是人类活动的场所,比如欧洲和东亚,周围的自然环境能使人类生存和生活;而有的地方只有在间冰期才适合人类生活,比如中亚。这需要进一步的工作证明。在S5（MIS 13～15）阶段,无论在欧洲还是亚洲,考古遗址发现的几率都比较大,这也许说明在这个时期人类的活动更为活跃。而且在这条横贯欧亚大陆的古土壤带上,相似的自然环境也许存在着更多的交流。这需要进一步对旧石器文化特征上进行比较方能得出更确切的结论。 相似文献
2.
第四纪科学与旧石器考古学关系非常密切。在中国北方,旧石器文化的很多遗迹都出现在黄土分布区。中国旧石器考古的开始阶段,黄土研究与旧石器考古研究联系紧密,共同发展。半个多世纪以来,中国的黄土研究在原有基础上取得了新的突破。怎样将已有的黄土研究成果为旧石器考古所用?文章通过对河南织机洞和内蒙古大窑两个旧石器考古地点的案例分析,讨论怎样利用黄土研究的最新成果确定旧石器考古遗址地层层位及年代问题;建议旧石器考古学家应该密切关注第四纪科学的发展,并提倡旧石器考古与地学学科更高层次的交流与合作。 相似文献
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The Olorgesailie Formation (1.2-0.49 Ma) consists of fluvial and lacustrine rift sediments that have yielded abundant Acheulean artifacts and a fossil hominin (Homo cf. erectus). In testing prior understandings of the paleoenvironmental context, we define nine new geochemical zones. A Chemical Index of Alteration suggests increased catchment weathering during deposition of Members 1, 2, 7, 11, and 13. Biophile elements (Br, S) peak in M8-9 and lower M13 possibly reflecting increased input from soil erosion. REE data show that the Magadi Trachytes supplied most siliciclastic grains. Sixteen diatom stages indicate conductivities of 200-16,000 μS cm− 1 and pH of 7.5-9.5 for five deep-water lakes, ten shallow lakes and sixteen wetlands. These results are compared with diatom data from other sections in the basin and show aquatic spatial variability over km-scale distances. Similar floras are traceable over several kilometers for M2, M3 and M9, indicating broadly homogeneous lacustrine conditions during these times, but diatoms in other members imply variable conditions, some related to local tectonic controls. This lateral and temporal variability emphasizes the importance of carrying out stratigraphic sampling at multiple sites within a basin in efforts to define the environmental context relevant to human evolution. 相似文献
5.
对2006～2007年在东秦岭南洛河中游地区河南省卢氏和洛宁两县发现的8处旷野类型旧石器地点的160余件石制品进行了初步研究,并对产出石制品的黄土堆积剖面进行了地层学分析和光释光测年。初步结果表明,南洛河中游地区的旧石器工业很丰富,石制品的加工技术与上游洛南盆地一致,同样采取硬锤直接打击法;加工石制品的原料来自于河流堆积物中的石英岩和石英砾石等;石制品中有相当数量的小型石片和由小型石片二次加工修理而成的工具,还有直接由砾石加工而成的重型工具,如手镐等;除此之外,大型石片以及以大型石片加工而成的重型工具,如重型刮削器也多有所见。由于工作范围和力度的局限,南洛河中游地区目前尚未发现上游洛南盆地旧石器遗址中广泛存在的手斧、三棱手镐、薄刃斧和大型石刀等Acheulian类型两面加工技术生产的工具。新发现的南洛河中游旧石器地点分布在不同时期形成的河流阶地和黄土地层中。地层分析和光释光年代测试表明,南洛河中游地区的黄土堆积至少从中更新世便已经开始,并一直持续到全新世,至少在黄土剖面中S1,S3和S4的3个层位有石器分布;其黄土-古土壤旋回不仅可以用于石制品产出层位的准确定年,还指示了早期人类石器工业演化和人类生存环境变化的过程。 相似文献
6.
文章对近年来发现于吉林东部即长白山山地地区的12处旧石器遗址中9处含有细石器的遗存予以关注,并将它们界定为"含细石器遗存"。由于延边大洞遗址的材料整理工作尚未结束,只对其中的8处进行了实际分析和研究。主要从细石核型式和细石器工艺技术两个方面对这些遗存中发现的细石器进行了分析,同时把与细石器伴生的非细石器制品作为石制品组合从原料、技术、器物大小和类型等方面给予探讨。基于上述几方面的分析研究,提出该地区含细石器遗存包括了以细石器为主体、以小石器为主体和以大石器为主体的3种类型,并初步认为该地区细石器制作技术来源于华北地区。遗存年代为旧石器时代晚期或偏晚。 相似文献
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Pleistocene chemical weathering history of Asian arid and semi-arid regions recorded in loess deposits of China and Tajikistan 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Quaternary loess-soil sequences in China and Tajikistan are valuable archives of the chemical weathering history for arid and semi-arid regions of Asia. The development of new proxies independent of grain size are vital to reconstruct the long-term chemical weathering history of eolian deposits. In this study, we analyze major elemental and Rb, Sr, and Ba concentrations of decarbonated residue from representative loess and soil units along a north-south transect on the Chinese Loess Plateau and compare these concentrations among different grain-size fractions. Results show that most of the elemental abundances and ratios vary considerably among different grain-size fractions for both loess and paleosols, indicating transport-driven compositional differentiation of minerals during subaerial transport. However, (CaO + Na2O + MgO)/TiO2 ratios show little variation among different size fractions for the loess-soil transect. Loess-soil sequences at Lingtai (northern China) and Chashmanigar (southern Tajikistan) for the past 1.50-1.77 Ma show lower (CaO + Na2O + MgO)/TiO2 ratios in soil units than in adjacent loess horizons, in good agreement with greater weathering intensity in soils than in loess units. The (CaO + Na2O + MgO)/TiO2 ratio of the decarbonated residue is therefore a reliable proxy for chemical weathering of loess deposits that is independent of grain size. The (CaO + Na2O+MgO)/TiO2 ratios of the Lingtai and Chashmanigar sections display a relatively regular oscillation within a narrow range in the early Pleistocene, and a rapid increase in average values and in variance from 0.85-0.6 Ma to the present, indicating lowered chemical weathering intensity in both the dust source regions and the depositional areas. This event may be causally related to the expansion of northern hemisphere ice and/or the regional tectonic uplift of high mountains in Asia since the mid-Pleistocene. 相似文献
8.
Luca Sitzia Pascal Bertran Stphane Boulogne Michel Brenet Rmy Crassard Anne Delagnes Marine Frouin Christine Hatt Jacques Jaubert Lamya Khalidi Erwan Messager Norbert Mercier Alain Meunier Stphane Peign Alain Queffelec Chantal Tribolo Roberto Macchiarelli 《Geoarchaeology》2012,27(6):471-491
The Shi'bat Dihya 1 site in western Yemen, dated by optically stimulated luminescence to 55 ka, provides insight into the Middle Paleolithic peopling of the Arabian Peninsula. The archaeological layer is interstratified within thick, sandy silt floodplain deposits filling a piedmont basin. Luminescence dates, lack of soil development, and gypsum precipitation indicate a high accretion rate of the floodplain during Marine Isotope Stage 3, in connection with a (semi)‐arid environment. Rapid overbank sedimentation was likely a result of the remobilization of loess material deposited on the Yemeni Great Escarpment at the periphery of the adjacent Tihama coastal sand desert or of other sources. Fabric and size analyses of the lithic artifacts, together with spatial projections, indicate site modifications by floods. Primary modifications include (1) selective accumulation of medium‐sized lithic pieces as a result of hydraulic sorting, (2) bimodal orientation of artifacts, and (3) ripple‐like arrangement of lithics and bone/tooth fragments. The overrepresentation of teeth may also be a consequence of sorting. Although floods have distorted the original site patterning, long‐distance transport of artifacts by water can be excluded, as indicated by relatively high refitting rate, close proximity of artifacts derived from the same block of raw material, and lack of abrasion of the pieces. Therefore, the site is considered “geologically” in situ because its remobilization by water occurred shortly after human abandonment. This study also stresses that the effective preservation of a site cannot be assessed without careful taphonomic study, even in a potentially favorable depositional context such as silty alluvium. 相似文献
9.
We present textural and thickness data on loess from 125 upland sites in west-central Wisconsin, which confirm that most of this loess was derived from the sandy outwash surfaces of the Chippewa River and its tributaries, which drained the Chippewa Lobe of the Laurentide front during the Wisconsin glaciation (MIS 2). On bedrock uplands southeast of the widest outwash surfaces in the Chippewa River valley, this loess attains thicknesses > 5 m. OSL ages on this loess constrain the advance of the Laurentide ice from the Lake Superior basin and into west-central Wisconsin, at which time its meltwater started flowing down the Chippewa drainage. The oldest MAR OSL age, 23.8 ka, from basal loess on bedrock, agrees with the established, but otherwise weakly constrained, regional glacial chronology. Basal ages from four other sites range from 13.2 to 18.5 ka, pointing to the likelihood that these sites remained geomorphically unstable and did not accumulate loess until considerably later in the loess depositional interval. Other OSL ages from this loess, taken higher in the stratigraphic column but below the depth of pedoturbation, range to nearly 13 ka, suggesting that the Chippewa River valley may have remained a loess source for several millennia. 相似文献
10.
Qingfeng Shao Wei Wang Chenglong Deng Pierre Voinchet Min Lin Antoine Zazzo Eric Douville Jean-Michel Dolo Christophe Falguères Jean-Jacques Bahain 《Quaternary Research》2014
Several Gigantopithecus faunas associated with taxonomically undetermined hominoid fossils and/or stone artifacts are known from southern China. These faunas are particularly important for the study of the evolution of humans and other mammals in Asia. However, the geochronology of the Gigantopithecus faunas remains uncertain. In order to solve this problem, a program of geochronological studies of Gigantopithecus faunas in Guangxi Province was recently initiated. Chuifeng Cave is the first studied site, which yielded 92 Gigantopithecus blacki teeth associated with numerous other mammalian fossils. We carried out combined ESR/U-series dating of fossil teeth and sediment paleomagnetic studies. Our ESR results suggest that the lower layers at this cave can be dated to 1.92 ± 0.14 Ma and the upper layers can be dated to older than 1.38 ± 0.17 Ma. Correlation of the recognized magnetozones to the geomagnetic polarity timescale was achieved by combining magnetostratigraphic, biostratigraphic and ESR data. The combined chronologies establish an Olduvai subchron (1.945–1.778 Ma) for the lowermost Chuifeng Cave sediments. We also analyzed the enamel δ13C values of the Gigantopithecus faunas. Our results show that southern China was dominated by C3 plants during the early Pleistocene and that the Gigantopithecus faunas lived in a woodland-forest ecosystem. 相似文献
11.
Arsenic-bearing stream sediments enter the Upper Isle River, an Au mining-influenced basin (France), by the discharge of mining sites, tailings runoff and weathering of mineralized veins in granites and gneiss. Some fresh ochreous As-rich deposits on the river banks and in floodplains are identified as additional As-rich point sources (As between 0.07 and 6.5 wt.%). The <63 μm fraction of stream sediments contains elevated As bulk concentrations, ranging from 160 to 890 mg/kg, compared to the geochemical background (70 mg/kg on average). It is also enriched in Cd, Hg and W. Spatial variations of these trace elements show 3 significant increases corresponding to the 3 drained mining districts. They decrease down river but are still enriched 30 km downstream of the mining districts due to downstream transportation. Three types of trace element-bearing phases have been identified as: (i) detrital primary sulfides, with high in situ As percentages (up to 43.7 wt.%). They also carry significant amounts of W according to the differences in chemical compositions of the total and light <63 μm fractions. These sulfide particles do not show any sign of alteration in the oxygenated stream sediments; (ii) Secondary Fe–Mn oxyhydroxides,some with very high in situ As2O5 concentrations (up to 59.8 wt.%) and with about 40% of the total Cd composition. They occur as fresh precipitates in the river banks and floodplains and as discrete particles in stream sediments and (iii) Al–Si fine-grained phases. Their major element composition is highly variable with in situ As2O5 concentrations ranging between 430 and 5020 mg/kg. This type of solid phase is also the major carrier of Hg. 相似文献
12.
Palaeoclimatic interpretation of the Red Clay in the Chinese Loess Plateau is particularly important for understanding of the East Asian monsoon evolution from Pliocene to the Quaternary. In this study, a N-S transect involving five loess-Red Clay sections across the Loess Plateau was selected for detailed investigation with analyses of grain size and major element geochemistry, in order to address the spatial pattern. Results indicate that the Red Clay contains large amount of coarse (<6?, i.e. >16 μm) fraction and shows a prominent N-S decreasing gradient much similar to that of the overlying loess, suggesting that the dust transport was dominantly by low-level northerly/northwesterly winds. Compared with overlying loess, the Red Clay is markedly fine and rather constant through all the sections, implying a distant and steady dust-source area about 200 km further north during most of the Pliocene time. Pedogenic leaching intensities inferred from geochemical data display a clear decreasing trend from south to north both for the Red Clay and the loess, suggesting that the modern spatial pattern of the East Asian monsoon regime has been maintained at least for the past 5 Ma. The N-S spatial gradient, however, might be smaller during the Pliocene than the Quaternary period. Temporally, two short periods of climatic deterioration implied by marked grain-size coarsening and low weathering intensity occurred at 5.3 and 3.5 Ma, respectively, which divide the Pliocene into two major stages. The 5.3-3.5 Ma stage is characterized by a steady state climate through the entire region, consistent with other records. In the 3.5-2.7 Ma stage, the Red Clay in the Jingbian section shows a noticeable coarsening in grain size than the previous stage, indicating some southward extension of the deserts, in agreement with mass accumulation rate record in the north Pacific. But the eolian dust deposition remained relatively stable in major part of the Loess Plateau until 2.7 Ma. The Red Clay deposition was then terminated by massive and coarse loess deposition in the entire region, suggesting dramatic intensification of the winter monsoon in response to the onset of extensive glaciation of Northern Hemisphere. 相似文献
13.
柴达木盆地自然伽玛曲线记录的古气候变化对太阳辐射响应关系的对比研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用柴达木盆地达参1井自然伽玛(GR)曲线,建立了2 85MaBP以来的轨道调谐时标.对GR曲线、深海记录和黄土记录与太阳辐射曲线时频域的多维谱分析及奇异谱分析结果表明:达参1井GR曲线相对于太阳辐射的滞后时间短于深海及黄土记录3～4ka,GR曲线记录的岁差周期成分更为显著,且与太阳辐射在岁差周期上显示了更强的相关性.表明盆地古气候演化受到太阳辐射岁差周期强烈影响,具有低纬陆地记录的特征,而与深海记录和黄土记录受轨道倾斜周期和全球冰量变化的重要影响有别. 相似文献
14.
Imbrium provenance for the Apollo 16 Descartes terrain: Argon ages and geochemistry of lunar breccias 67016 and 67455 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In order to improve our understanding of impact history and surface geology on the Moon, we obtained 40Ar-39Ar incremental heating age data and major + trace element compositions of anorthositic and melt breccia clasts from Apollo 16 feldspathic fragmental breccias 67016 and 67455. These breccias represent the Descartes terrain, a regional unit often proposed to be ejecta from the nearby Nectaris basin. The goal of this work is to better constrain the emplacement age and provenance of the Descartes breccias.Four anorthositic clasts from 67016 yielded well-defined 40Ar-39Ar plateau ages ranging from 3842 ± 19 to 3875 ± 20 Ma. Replicate analyses of these clasts all agree within measurement error, with only slight evidence for either inheritance or younger disturbance. In contrast, fragment-laden melt breccia clasts from 67016 yielded apparent plateau ages of 4.0-4.2 Ga with indications of even older material (to 4.5 Ga) in the high-T fractions. Argon release spectra of the 67455 clasts are more variable with evidence for reheating at 2.0-2.5 Ga. We obtained plateau ages of 3801 ± 29 to 4012 ± 21 Ma for three anorthositic clasts, and 3987 ± 21 Ma for one melt breccia clast. The anorthositic clasts from these breccias and fragments extracted from North Ray crater regolith (Maurer et al., 1978) define a combined age of 3866 ± 9 Ma, which we interpret as the assembly age of the feldspathic fragmental breccia unit sampled at North Ray crater. Systematic variations in diagnostic trace element ratios (Sr/Ba, Ti/Sm, Sc/Sm) with incompatible element abundances show that ferroan anorthositic rocks and KREEP-bearing lithologies contributed to the clast population.The Descartes breccias likely were deposited as a coherent lithologic unit in a single event. Their regional distribution suggests emplacement as basin ejecta. An assembly age of 3866 ± 9 Ma would be identical with the accepted age of the Imbrium basin, and trace element compositions are consistent with a provenance in the Procellarum-KREEP Terrane. The combination of age and provenance constraints points toward deposition of the Descartes breccias as ejecta from the Imbrium basin rather than Nectaris. Diffusion modeling shows that the older apparent plateau ages of the melt brecia clasts plausibly result from incomplete degassing of ancient crust during emplacement of the Descartes breccias. Heating steps in the melt breccia clasts that approach the primary crystallization ages of lunar anorthosites show that earlier impact events did not completely outgas the upper crust. 相似文献
15.
Solveig Schiegl Paul Goldberg Hans‐Ulrich Pfretzschner Nicholas J. Conard 《Geoarchaeology》2003,18(5):541-565
Hohle Fels Cave is one of several Upper Paleolithic sites on the eastern extension of the Swabian Alb in southwestern Germany. Several phases of excavations have been conducted since 1870. The archaeological inventories comprise a broad range of artifacts produced from stone, bone, teeth, ivory, and antler. The site has also yielded Paleolithic rock art, sculpture, and engravings. The Pleistocene inventories unearthed so far belong to the Magdalenian, Gravettian, and Aurignacian; Middle Paleolithic horizons may well be uncovered as excavations continue. The chronology of three main occupation phases has been established with numerous 14C measurements. The Magdalenian dates to about 13,000 yr B.P., and the richest Gravettian deposit contains a burnt bone‐layer extending over ca. 12 m2 that dates to about 29,000 yr B.P. The underlying Aurignacian horizons predate 30,000 yr B.P. The Gravettian burnt bone layer (archaeological layer IIcf) is a key horizon because of its distinct composition and color and its large horizontal extension. Layer IIcf has been examined using a combination of analytical techniques including micromorphological analysis of thin sections with polarizing light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy for fabric and identification of mineral and biogenic constituents. The bone mineral composition was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electron probe microanalytical techniques. These investigations in tandem with the field observations indicate intense burning of bones as fuel. The micromorphological and contextual archaeological data suggest that layer IIcf is a secondary dump rather than an in situ accumulation. This deposit and other Paleolithic burnt deposits in the Swabian Jura appear to reflect intense periods of winter occupation in these caves. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
16.
Gail M. Ashley Doris Barboni Manuel Dominguez-Rodrigo Henry T. Bunn Audax Z.P. Mabulla Fernando Diez-Martin Rebeca Barba Enrique Baquedano 《Quaternary Research》2010,74(3):333-343
The records of early hominins are commonly localized both temporally and spatially even in archaeologically rich basins like Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. The FLK North site was discovered in 1960, but the reason for the exact location of this dense concentration of fossils and stone tools on a lake-margin flat has not been explained. We present new geological and geochemical information from six excavations in upper Bed I, which revealed up to 1.4-m-thick carbonate deposits, attesting to the presence of freshwater springs in the area surrounding FLK North. The δ18O signatures of the tufa are typical for meteoric water that has evolved during evaporation. Tuff IF that caps the sequence was deposited on uneven topography with the highest area a low-relief ridge between two faults at the archaeological site and lowest areas being sites of groundwater discharge. The model proposed here is that rainfall on adjacent highlands was transported to the basin where faults acted as conduits for water. Similar hydrogeological settings at modern lakes Manyara and Eyasi, currently support lush groundwater forest and woodland despite arid climate. FLK North may have been an “oasis” offering freshwater and shelter for consuming meat by both carnivores and hominins. 相似文献
17.
藏北羌塘盆地腹地戈木错周围发现大量石制品,主要为细石核、细石叶、石片和石器,未发现大型打制石器和磨制石器。通过对石制品表面特征的观察,没有发现流水磨损的痕迹,认为这些石制品未经过后期搬运,为原地堆积。对石制品的初步研究表明,戈木错遗址的石制品主要为细小石器,使用的原料主要有硅质岩、玛瑙和燧石。将戈木错的细石器与藏北其他地点的细石器进行对比分析,发现其文化特征与藏北双湖、申扎等地具有一定的相似性,这说明藏北细石器基本属于相同的文化背景,有相同的起源,属于中国北方细石器文化的一部分。此外,从石制品的组合、加工技术特征及对环境的适应过程来看,其时代可能属于新石器时代早期。 相似文献
18.
Besshi-type Cu deposits are strata-bound volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits usually associated with mafic volcanic rocks or their metamorphic equivalents. Although there are numerous Besshi-type deposits in the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt, Japan, their tectonic settings and depositional environments remain controversial because of a lack of depositional age constraints. We report Re-Os data for the Iimori deposit, one of the largest Besshi-type deposits in western Kii Peninsula, in order to examine the robustness of the Re-Os isotope system for dating sulfide minerals in the high-P/T metamorphic belt and to elucidate the primary depositional environment of the Iimori sulfide ores. An 11-point Re-Os isochron plot yields an age of 156.8 ± 3.6 Ma. As this Re-Os isochron age is significantly older than the timing of the Sanbagawa peak metamorphism (110-120 or ∼90 Ma) and a well-defined isochron was obtained, the Re-Os age determined here is most likely the primary depositional age. Despite high-grade metamorphism at up to 520 ± 25 °C and 8-9.5 kbar, the Re-Os isotope system of the Iimori sulfides was not disturbed. Hence, we consider that the whole-rock Re-Os closure temperature for the Iimori sulfide ores was probably higher than 500 °C. As the accretion age of the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt is considered to be 120-130 or 65-90 Ma on the basis of radiolarian and radiometric ages, we estimated the time from the Iimori sulfide deposition on the paleo-seafloor to its accretion at the convergent plate boundary to be greater than 25 Myr. Consequently, the depositional environment of the Iimori sulfide ores was not in the marginal sea, but was truly pelagic. 相似文献
19.
Richard Metcalfe Mark B. Crawford Adrian H. Bath Anna K. Littleboy Paul J. Degnan Hugh G. Richards 《Applied Geochemistry》2007
A number of chemical and physical processes inside and outside a sedimentary basin (e.g. evaporite dissolution and topographic drive, respectively) affect groundwater flow near the basin’s margin. Contrasting formations at the margin, typically basinal sedimentary rocks and basement, are host to the interplay between these processes so that groundwater flows and compositions change within a relatively small volume. To interpret how groundwater flow and geochemistry have evolved, interactions between these processes must be understood. Such interactions were investigated near the margin of the East Irish Sea Basin in NW England, by sampling deep groundwaters (to 1500 m below sea level) from Ordovician volcanic basement rocks and Carboniferous to Triassic sedimentary cover rocks. Variable Br/Cl ratios and Cl concentrations in deep saline waters and brines indicate mixing patterns. Variations in 36Cl/Cl constrain the timing of mixing. Relatively low Br/Cl ratios (ca. 1 × 10−3 by mass) characterise brine from the western sedimentary cover and reflect halite dissolution further west. Saline water with relatively high Br/Cl ratios (ca. 2 × 10−3 by mass) of uncertain origin occupies the eastern basement. These two waters mix across the area. However, mixing alone cannot explain variable 36Cl/Cl ratios, which partly reflect differing in situ36Cl production rates in different rock formations. Most 36Cl/Cl ratios in groundwater sampled from the eastern metavolcanic basement (mean = 25 × 10−15) and western sedimentary cover (mean = 10 × 10−15) are at or close to equilibrium with in situ36Cl production. These variations in 36Cl/Cl across the site possibly took >1.5 Ma to be attained, implying that deep groundwater flow responded only slowly to the Quaternary glaciation of the site. Interplay between varied processes in basin marginal settings does not necessarily imply flow instability. 相似文献
20.
Middle Paleolithic occupation on a Marine Isotope Stage 5 lakeshore in the Nefud Desert,Saudi Arabia
Michael D. Petraglia Abdullah M. Alsharekh Rémy Crassard Nick A. Drake Huw Groucutt Adrian G. Parker Richard G. Roberts 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2011,30(13-14):1555-1559
Major hydrological variations associated with glacial and interglacial climates in North Africa and the Levant have been related to Middle Paleolithic occupations and dispersals, but suitable archaeological sites to explore such relationships are rare on the Arabian Peninsula. Here we report the discovery of Middle Paleolithic assemblages in the Nefud Desert of northern Arabia associated with stratified deposits dated to 75,000 years ago. The site is located in close proximity to a substantial relict lake and indicates that Middle Paleolithic hominins penetrated deeply into the Arabian Peninsula to inhabit landscapes vegetated by grasses and some trees. Our discovery supports the hypothesis of range expansion by Middle Paleolithic populations into Arabia during the final humid phase of Marine Isotope Stage 5, when environmental conditions were still favorable. 相似文献