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为探讨青海南部陆域冻土区烃源岩地球化学异常成因及气源条件,通过分析青海开心岭冻土区TK- 1钻孔岩芯样品中酸解烃、荧光光谱、甲烷碳同位素含量及垂向迁移变化特征,解析其烃类地球化学异常成因,剖析岩芯中烃类异常与裂隙或破碎带、水合物稳定带、烃类运聚成藏过程的响应关系,研究其对天然气水合物及烃类运聚的地球化学指示意义。结果显示：钻孔岩芯中烃类在62~80 m、112~119 m、150~169 m和254~350 m深度段出现明显的地球化学异常富集特征,钻孔岩芯酸解烃中烃类组成、参数比值(C1/ΣC1- 5、C1/ΣC2- 5、C1/ΣC2- 3、iC4/nC4等)、甲烷碳同位素(δ13CPDB)显示烃类以热解成因为主,包括油型裂解气、凝析油伴生气、煤成气和少量的无机成因气。二叠系那益雄组煤系烃源岩处于高—过成熟阶段,其热演化过程中的生排烃气可能是形成水合物所需气体的重要来源。冻土带的封盖“挡板效应”,在冻土层下方形成烃类地球化学强异常,可作为天然气水合物及烃类运聚等异常现象的指示。裂隙或破碎带内岩芯酸解烃组分含量相对较高,随着深度变化,烃类组分呈现明显的“色层效应”,显示裂隙或破碎带对烃类的运移、聚集具有一定控制作用。 相似文献
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根据祁连山木里地区已知天然气水合物上方不同期次近地表土壤地球化学勘查重复性试验,对土壤酸解烃、顶空气、荧光光谱、碳酸盐等指标方法的稳定性及异常重现性问题进行研究和探讨。结果表明,各项化探指标不同期次含量最大值等特征值虽然存在一定程度的差异,但是其数据波动特征和数据结构是相对一致的。顶空气甲烷、酸解烃、荧光光谱和碳酸盐方法指标前后两次测量结果均具有较高的相关性,配对T-检验显示顶空气轻烃、酸解烃和碳酸盐指标数据变化差异不显著,从统计学上看其指标数据具有较好的稳定性。顶空气甲烷、酸解烃、荧光光谱等指标地球化学异常在研究区已知天然气水合物矿区上方具有相似的空间分布特征,说明其化探指标异常空间上具有良好的稳定性和重现性;但是顶空气重烃异常模式、碳酸盐异常强度的变化,反映其具有重现性,但异常稳定性相对较差。这为地球化学勘查在陆域冻土区天然气水合物勘查中发挥作用提供了较好的基础。 相似文献
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南海琼东南盆地-西沙海槽天然气水合物地球化学勘探与资源远景评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究工区范围为南海琼东南盆地至西沙海槽一线的海域。数据来自：中国地质大学参加了2000年和2006年在中国南海西沙海槽工区天然气水合物地球化学勘探,通过现场快速勘查实测和室内分析测试得到的多种烃类数据;申请到大洋钻探3个航次典型钻井的样品,经国内实验室实测得到的酸解烃指标和酸解烃微量甲烷碳同位素数据;搜集的其他文献涉及研究区的酸解烃指标数据和酸解烃微量甲烷碳同位素数据。依据甲烷的地球化学特征、湿度比值分布和甲烷碳同位素的组成特征对研究区天然气水合物的成因进行了分析研究;依据数据对比探讨了酸解烃微量甲烷同位素值的地球化学意义,对中国海区天然气水合物的成因进行了讨论判别。最后,依据上述结论对区内天然气水合物资源的远景进行了评价和预测。 相似文献
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《物探与化探》2017,(6)
自祁连山冻土区木里坳陷发现天然气水合物以来,南祁连盆地开始成为中纬度冻土区天然气水合物调查的重点地区。2014年在哈拉湖坳陷开展了1∶10万地球化学调查,目的是为天然气水合物远景预测提供地球化学依据。调查面积3 000 km~2,采样密度1点/2 km~2,分析了天然气水合物和油气化探指标。在哈拉湖坳陷圈出了与三露天水合物矿藏类似的地球化学综合异常,面积大于30 km~2,异常组合为酸解烃甲烷、酸解烃干燥系数、丁烷异构比、顶空气甲烷和荧光F320,这些指标存在组分分带现象。进一步研究表明,烃类气体主要来源于深部的凝析油伴生气和煤型气,异常区发育有利于天然气水合物形成的冻土厚度。调查结果表明,地球化学技术适用于中纬度冻土区天然气水合物勘查,能够圈出天然气水合物远景区。 相似文献
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青藏高原多年冻土区天然气水合物的形成及地球化学勘查 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
高原冻土带是天然气水合物生成和保存的潜在源区.对青藏高原西大滩-安多长达556 km的多年冻土区烃类有机地球化学剖面的测量结果表明,土壤样品的酸解氢、酸解甲烷、酸解乙烷、酸解丙烷和热释汞异常明显,其异常下限远高于背景值,其中酸解甲烷的背景值为395.54 μL/kg,异常下限为883.84 μL/kg,可见该区天然气水合物成藏具有很好的远景.通过统计学分析和综合地球化学对比分析,指出烃类"负异常"是地下赋存天然气水合物的重要标志.据此初步建立了多年冻土区天然气水合物的形成及地球化学勘查模式. 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献