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贵阳乌当下奥陶统湄潭组遗迹化石及其古环境意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文系统研究了贵阳乌当下奥陶统湄潭组遗迹化石,认为这些遗迹化石系风暴沉积前后的产物,并首次在我国发现cruzianc furcifera 遗迹组合,这对于地层对比,遗迹组合的地理分布均有重要意义. 相似文献
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This work presents the first detailed facies analysis of the upper Nyalau Formation exposed around Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. The Lower Miocene Nyalau Formation exposures in NW Sarawak represent one of the closest sedimentological outcrop analogues to the age equivalent, hydrocarbon-bearing, offshore deposits of the Balingian Province. Nine types of facies associations are recognised in the Nyalau Formation, which form elements of larger-scale facies successions. Wave-dominated shoreface facies successions display coarsening upward trends from Offshore, into Lower Shoreface and Upper Shoreface Facies Associations. Fluvio-tidal channel facies successions consist of multi-storey stacks of Fluvial-Dominated, Tide-Influenced and Tide-Dominated Channel Facies Associations interbedded with minor Bay and Mangrove Facies Associations. Estuarine bay facies successions are composed of Tidal Bar and Bay Facies Associations with minor Mangrove Facies Associations. Tide-dominated delta facies successions coarsen upward from an Offshore into the Tidal Bar Facies Association. The Nyalau Formation is interpreted as a mixed wave- and tide-influenced coastal depositional system, with an offshore wave-dominated barrier shoreface being incised by laterally migrating tidal channels and offshore migrating tidal bars. Stratigraphic successions in the Nyalau Formation form repetitive high frequency, regressive–transgressive cycles bounded by flooding surfaces, consisting of a basal coarsening upward, wave-dominated shoreface facies succession (representing a prograding barrier shoreface and/or beach-strandplain) which is sharply overlain by fluvio-tidal channel, estuarine bay or tide-dominated delta facies successions (representing more inshore, tide-influenced coastal depositional environments). An erosion surface separates the underlying wave-dominated facies succession from overlying tidal facies successions in each regressive–transgressive cycle. These erosion surfaces are interpreted as unconformities formed when base level fall resulted in deep incision of barrier shorefaces. Inshore, fluvio-tidal successions above the unconformity display upward increase in marine influence and are interpreted as transgressive incised valley fills. 相似文献
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西藏定结县、定日县一带的三叠系产大量遗迹化石,可划分为4个遗迹化石组合,对应于Skolithos遗迹相,Cruziana遗迹相和Zoophycos遗迹相.根据遗迹相及其它相标志判别,该区早中三叠世主要为陆棚环境,晚三叠世主要为滨岸环境.对遗迹化石的分析结果表明该区早三叠世存在短暂的缺氧事件. 相似文献
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黔南泥盆系的风暴遗迹相 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
风暴沉积岩在黔南泥盆系地层中比较常见，其中的遗迹化石也较为丰富，为研究风暴遗迹相提供了良好的场所。风暴作用的强度和持续时间影响了沉积环境的水能量、含氧量等物化条件，遗迹化石群也随之有所变化。本文研究了发生在Ｇｌｏｓｓｉｆｕｎｇｉｔｅｓ，Ｓｋｏｌｉｔｈｏｓ，Ｃｒｕｚｉａｎａ和Ｚｏｏｐｈｙｃｏｓ等不同遗迹相环境中的风暴沉积遗迹化石组合，把它们划分为三种类型：（１）单调型风暴遗迹相，风暴作用较弱，风暴沉积过程中的遗迹化石属种和数量较少，但仍与风暴前后的遗迹化石组合属于Ｓｅｉｌａｃｈｅｒ（１９６７）的相同遗迹相；（２）混合型风暴遗迹相，风暴沉积形成新的遗迹相附加于较低能的遗迹相中；（３）多元混合型风暴遗迹相，随着强烈风暴作用强度的变化，在风暴沉积期出现两种以上遗迹相的沉积环境 相似文献
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河南鲁山寒武系第二统辛集组为一套风暴作用影响下的含磷和海绿石的碎屑岩沉积,主要由中厚层石英砂岩及极薄层泥岩与砂岩互层组成。遗迹化石发育在交错层理砂岩以及极薄层泥岩与薄层砂岩互层的层面上。Skolithos sp. 属于风暴衰减期的Skolithos遗迹相机会种(r-选择)遗迹化石,它们以短小的垂直居住潜穴及低遗迹分异度和丰度为特征。Palaeophycus tubularis,P. striatus,Taenidum sp.,Gordia marina,Planolites montanus,P. beverleyensis等属于风暴间歇期的Cruziana遗迹相均衡种(K-选择)遗迹化石,以水平进食、觅食潜穴为主,遗迹分异度和丰度中等。早寒武世风暴衰减期,频繁的风暴事件不利于研究区机会种遗迹化石的保存,同时风暴间歇期持续时间短、风暴停息期不发育,造成均衡类生物殖居窗口期短暂,亦不利于对沉积底质的连续殖居。这种特殊的风暴沉积以及早寒武世造迹生物较差的掘穴能力,导致研究区遗迹化石种类及数量远不及寒武纪以后的风暴沉积。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组痕迹化石与海进期沉积及海进体系域 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
在层序地层学研究中,海进（transgrssion）常被认为是快速形成的,序列简单,并以少量沉积为特征。对塔里木盆地下志留统塔塔埃尔塔格组痕迹化石及沉积特征研究表明,海进期沉积及海进体系域比人们想象的要复杂,由三类沉积组成:（1）与海进侵蚀有关,包括海进滞留沉积,发育固底控制Glossifungites痕迹相;（2）与海进初期的海面缓慢上升或总体海进过程中的静止期有关,包括前滨和临滨砂泥岩,发育Skolithos痕迹相和近端Gruziana痕迹相;（3）与海面快速上升有关,包括滨外泥岩,发育远端Gruziana痕迹相。 相似文献
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遗迹化石(或生物成因沉积构造)是原产地环境条件的指示者,是原地埋藏的遗迹群落,因此几十年前即用来研究古环境和古地理。本文从4个方面讨论了利用遗迹化石群落来解释古代环境和古地理条件：①陆相和海相遗迹化石群落的区别;②海陆过渡带环境的遗迹化石群落和海岸线的识别;③遗迹相的古环境和古地理应用,且讨论了Skolithos(石针迹)、Cruziana(克鲁斯迹)、Zoophycos(动藻迹)和Nereites(类砂蚕迹)四个遗迹相研究的新进展;④利用遗迹化石群落对一些地质事件的解释,包括一些沉积事件的解释以及判断缺氧和贫氧环境。 相似文献
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贵州独山泥盆系－石炭系界线附近的遗迹化石 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
独山地区的革老河组和汤粑沟组中含有丰富的遗迹化石，可分为：Ｓｋｏｌｉｔｈｏｓ－Ｄｉｐｌｏｃｒａｔｅｒｉｏｎ，Ｒｈｉｚｏｃｏｒａｌｌｉｕｍ－Ｔｈａｌａｓｓｉｎｏｉｄｅｓ，Ｃｈｏｎｄｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｐａｌａｅｏｐｈｙｃｕｓ，Ｔｅｉｃｈｉｃｈｎｕｓ－Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ，Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｏｃｈｌｉｃｈｎｕｓ等５个反映不同沉积环境的遗迹组合，并在剖面上展现出较好的海平面变化。通过对遗迹组合所反映环境的研究，独山地区泥盆系－石炭系界线附近的沉积环境受脉动式海平面升降的影响和控制，界线可能在汤粑沟组底部钙泥质条带灰岩明显海退事件之上的第一次海进层附近。 相似文献
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贵州独山泥盆系－石炭系界线附近的遗迹化石 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
独山地区的革老河组和汤粑沟组中含有丰富的遗迹化石，可分为：Ｓｋｏｌｉｔｈｏｓ－Ｄｉｐｌｏｃｒａｔｅｒｉｏｎ，Ｒｈｉｚｏｃｏｒａｌｌｉｕｍ－Ｔｈａｌａｓｓｉｎｏｉｄｅｓ，Ｃｈｏｎｄｒｉｔｅｓ－Ｐａｌａｅｏｐｈｙｃｕｓ，Ｔｅｉｃｈｉｃｈｎｕｓ－Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ，Ｐｌａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓ－Ｃｏｃｈｌｉｃｈｎｕｓ等５个反映不同沉积环境的遗迹组合，并在剖面上展现出较好的海平面变化。通过对遗迹组合所反映环境的研究，独山地区泥盆系－石炭系界线附近的沉积环境受脉动式海平面升降的影响和控制，界线可能在汤粑沟组底部钙泥质条带灰岩明显海退事件之上的第一次海进层附近。 相似文献
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Abstract: The Lower Cambrian Nagaur Sandstone (Marwar Supergroup) has yielded trace fossils Treptichnus, Cruziana, serially repeated Rusophycus, Diplichnites, Monomorphichnus, Bergaueria, arthropod swimming traces and leap frogging marks of Cruziana ichnofacies. This ichnofossils assemblage is dominantly preserved in fine to medium grained red sandstone beds of the Mohra Member (Nagaur Sandstone). The presence of graded rip-up clasts, current ripples, dune cross-stratification with mud drapes and tidal bundles indicates a subtidal paleoenvironment for the deposition of Nagaur Sandstone Formation, which is corroborated by the Cruziana ichnofacies trace fossil assemblage. 相似文献
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The Marwar Supergroup of the Bikaner-Nagaur Basin is composed of sediments deposited from the late Neoproterozoic (Ediacaran) to Upper Cambrian. The Nagaur Sandstone Formation of the Nagaur Group (uppermost division of the Marwar Supergroup) preserves trace fossils significant for establishing Early Cambrian biostratigraphic zones and depositional facies. Fifteen ichnospecies (and eight ichnogenera) identified in the Nagaur Sandstone Formation include “Treptichnus” pedum, Cruziana cf. tenella, Cruziana isp., Diplichnites ispp. A, B, and C, Gyrophyllites isp., Lockeia isp., Merostomichnites isp., Monomorphichnus gregarius isp. nov., Monomorphichnus isp., Planolites isp., Psammichnites isp., Rusophycus bikanerus isp. nov., Rusophycus cf. carbonarius, Rusophycus isp. and radial trace fossils.These trace fossils belong to ethological categories pascichnia, repichnia, cubichnia, and fodinichnia and represent arthropod and worm-like burrowing biota. The assemblage and a regional comparison with contemporaneous trace fossils in the eastern Gondwanan realm suggest that the sequence in the study area belongs to the Cruziana tenella Ichnozone and to Stage 2 (upper part of Terreneuvian), however the Middle Cambrian is not excluded. The trace fossil assemblage belongs to the archetypal Cruziana ichnofacies. Cross bedded sandstone, mud cracks and rainprints in the ichniferous strata of the Nagaur Sandstone Formation indicate deposition in an intertidal sand flat with channels that was exposed episodically. 相似文献
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《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):811-825
The mid‐Silurian Major Mitchell Sandstone of the Grampians Group outcrops at Mt Bepcha, western Victoria, represent a prograding fluviodeltaic sequence comprising four lithofacies and five ichnofacies. The stratigraphically lowest Interbedded Sandstone/Siltstone Facies is characterised by thin sandstone and siltstone beds with soft‐sediment deformation and scours with gravelly lag deposits. This lithofacies contains Thalassinoides, Palaeophycus, Rhizocorallium and intrastratal burrows, together indicative of the Cruziana Ichnofacies, and is interpreted as a shallow‐marine depositional environment on a low‐energy delta front with minor tidal influences. The overlying Massive Sandstone Facies lacks silt, and consists of predominantly massive and some plane‐laminated sandstone, abundant Skolithos linearis , rare Palaeophycus and a single small Cruziana problematica ; the trace‐fossil assemblage is assigned to the Skolithos Ichnofacies. This facies is believed to have been deposited in a marine high‐energy shoreface environment with continuously shifting sands, affected by periodic flooding events from the mouth of a nearby river. Above this is the Trough Cross‐bedded Facies, which contains trough cross‐bedding with gravelly lag deposits, a northwest palaeocurrent direction and large Taenidium barretti burrows (Burrowed Ichnofacies). This facies also contains abundant plane‐laminated sandstone with a northeast‐southwest palaeocurrent direction and ichnofossils of Scoyenia and Daedalus , representing the Scoyenia Ichnofacies. The Trough Cross‐bedded Facies is interpreted to have been deposited in shallow low‐sinuosity channels by overbank‐flooding events, most likely on a delta plain. The uppermost facies, the Plane‐laminated Facies, contains thin beds of current‐lineated, plane‐laminated graded coarse to fine sandstone that preserve arthropod trackways (Arthropod Ichnofacies). This facies was deposited on a periodically sheet‐flooded, subaerially exposed delta plain. 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地拉什仲组遗迹化石组合与古环境 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
首次对鄂尔多斯盆地西北缘桌子山地区中奥陶世拉什仲组的遗迹化石进行了系统研究。该组遗迹化石共有6属8种,建立了Paleodictyon遗迹化石组合。此组合以被侵蚀、改造呈斑状分布的遗迹大量存在与Paleodictyon的普遍出现为最显著的特征。遗迹化石的形态、行为习性、保存方式等分类特征、埋藏学特征等表明该组合相当于Nereites遗迹相,代表了深海远源浊流沉积环境;而在本组沉积晚期,水体开始变浅,大致为大陆斜坡－陆隆半深海浊流沉积环境。其沉积层序、沉积构造及岩性等特征说明拉什仲组为典型的浊流相沉积,并以远源相浊流沉积为主,其下部近相浊流沉积较发育。据古流向测定,自中奥陶世拉什仲组至公乌素组沉积期,重力流运动方向的变化大致反映了贺兰拗拉槽张裂的幅度在变小并渐呈收敛隆起的趋势。 相似文献
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西秦岭西段志留纪遗迹化石 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了西秦岭西段志留纪海水深浅不同的两种遗迹相及其沉积环境,一种是甘南迭部拉路沟中志留世晚期浅海砂岩系所含Cruziana遗迹相,另一种是川北若尔盖晚志留世早期深海复理石Nereites遗迹相。共描述遗迹化石10属11种,其中建立3个新遗迹种。这些遗迹化石对研究西秦岭的地层发育、沉积矿产和古环境的演变提供了重要的生物成因标志,对我国的遗迹化石研究也提供了新的资料。 相似文献
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Birendra P. SINGH 《地球学报》2009,30(Z1):79-80
Cambrian trace fossils and worm like impressions are described herein from the three stratigraphic units of Tal Group of rocks exposed along the track from Maldeota to Dhaulagiri in Gopi-Chand-Ka Mahal sec-tion, Mussoorie syncline. The upper 10 m thick sand-stone succession (Arenaceous Member) of Deo-Ka- Tibba Formation (lower Tal Group) contains high den-sity and low diversity Skolithos pipe rock. The Sko-lithos pipe rock in sandstone succession of Arenaceous Member (Deo-Ka-Tibba Formation) indicates shallow marine condition under sand shifting environment of deposition. Higher in the succession, in calcareous Member (Deo-Ka-Tibba Formation), Cruziana ichno-facies occurs in association with Monomorphichnus, Planolites and Paleophycus. 相似文献
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豫西济源地区中三叠世油房庄组遗迹组构及其环境解释 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
河南济源地区中三叠世油房庄组发育了一套滨浅湖相的砂泥岩沉积，在该组上段紫红色与黄绿色砂泥岩沉积中发现了大量的遗迹化石。其中高能砂质滨湖沉积中识别出6种遗迹组构:斑状生物扰动组构、Skolithos isp.-Planolites montanus组构、Skolithos verticalis组构、Planolites beverleyensis组构、Skolithos isp.组构和Palaeophycus annulatus 遗迹组构，它们可归入陆相Skolithos遗迹相；极浅湖泥岩夹粉砂岩沉积中识别出3种遗迹组构: Skolithos linearis遗迹组构、Taenidium barretti遗迹组构和植物根迹组构，它们可归入陆相Scoyenia遗迹相。 相似文献
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遗迹化石在层序地层学研究中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以济阳坳陷古近系沙河街组和塔里木盆地志留系为例,探讨了遗迹化石与层序地层学的关系,表现在3个方面:1)层序界面的识别层序界面位置发育有特征性的受基底控制的遗迹相,且界面上下遗迹组合类型发生变化;2)准层序界面的识别较深水环境中,界面上下生物扰动强度明显差异,界面之下扰动强度较大,扰动指数可达到3,而界面之上几乎没有生物扰动,且在同一准层序内部,由下至上,扰动强度逐渐增大;3)旋回层序的识别:在潮控滨线环境中,单个准层序内部,由下至上,高能环境的Skolithos遗迹组合逐渐变为中低能环境的Planolites-Palaeophycus遗迹组合和低能环境的Cochlichnus-Planolites遗迹组合,由下至上呈现旋回性变化特征。 相似文献