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燕麦种子萌发和幼苗抗逆生理特性对不同浓度碱性盐处理的响应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
《干旱区地理》2016,(5)
为探讨燕麦新品种‘定莜6号’种子萌发和幼苗生理特性对不同浓度碱性盐处理的响应特征,采用培养皿试验研究了不同浓度Na HCO3(0、50、100、150、200、250 mmol·L~(-1))对种子萌发的影响;采用盆栽砂培法研究不同浓度Na HCO3(0、50、100、150、200 mmol·L~(-1))处理对3叶1心期幼苗生物量、植株含水量、叶片活性氧代谢和渗透调节物质含量的影响。结果表明:随着Na HCO3浓度增大,燕麦种子发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数显著降低(P0.05),降幅分别为26.6%~91.0%、40.0%~95.5%和66.8%~98.6%。Na HCO3处理燕麦幼苗14 d后幼苗干重随处理浓度提高显著下降(P0.05),下降幅度为5.0%~69.4%,而植株含水量却变化不大;处理7 d后幼苗叶片超氧阴离子(O2-)产生速率、H2O2和丙二醛含量及质膜相对透性随处理浓度提高不断增大,增幅分别为74.0%~290.0%、2.6%~107.9%、22.2%~102.9%和46.9%~287.4%;过氧化氢酶活性和游离氨基酸含量呈升高趋势,200 mmol·L~(-1)Na HCO3时分别比对照提高40.4%和129.5%;过氧化物酶活性先降后升,有机酸含量保持稳定后在200 mmol·L~(-1)处理时显著升高(P0.05);抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽含量呈下降趋势,超氧化物歧化酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性、总可溶性蛋白、热稳定性蛋白、热不稳定性蛋白、可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量均呈先升后降变化,200 mmol·L~(-1)浓度处理时均低于对照。表明碱性盐对燕麦种子萌发和幼苗生长具有显著抑制作用,活性氧代谢失调和积累有机渗透溶质时耗能增加可能是造成碱性盐抑制幼苗生长的重要因素。 相似文献
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种子风力再传播是沙漠人工固沙林柠条(Caragana korshinskii)种群自然更新的关键过程,该过程对固定沙地地表结皮覆盖的响应特征仍不明确。在腾格里沙漠东南缘分别选取75%~100%、50%~75%、30%~50%、0~30%的结皮覆盖和裸沙地,采用野外风洞,进行了柠条种子风力再传播过程的模拟研究。结果表明:(1)随着结皮覆盖度的升高,种子传播距离逐渐增加,而种子被埋藏的概率逐渐降低。当结皮覆盖度在75%~100%时种子远距离传播的概率最高为45.56%,种子抗远距离传播概率最低,种子被埋藏的概率为0;当结皮覆盖度在50%~75%时非远距离传播概率最高为73.33%;当结皮覆盖度在30%~50%时种子抗远距离传播概率最高为62.22%;当结皮覆盖度在0~30%时种子被埋藏的概率增加;裸沙地远距离传播概率最低为5%。(2)随着风速的增加,种子的水平传播距离增加,且种子越小,传播越远,风力再传播越易发生;当风速高于13.6 m·s^(-1)时,对低结皮盖度样地产生覆沙,并对已埋藏的种子产生再次搬运。(3)种子传播率与距离拟合,中种子传播率与距离的拟合效果最好,关系为y=-0.002x^(3)+0.182x^(2)-1.660x+4.084。 相似文献
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<正>近年来,内蒙古自治区有色金属找矿探矿取得了突破性进展。现已探明的铜、铅、锌、钨、锡、钼、钴、镍等十种有色金属矿产地100多处,有色金属保有储量超过3,000万吨,目前,已查明铅金属资源储量1,084万吨、锌金属资源储量2,268.4万吨,银资源储量3.41万吨,均为全国第一; 相似文献
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腾格里沙漠东南缘飞播区白沙蒿植被密度与土壤水分关系的研究 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13
对腾格里沙漠东南缘飞机播种区不同密度白沙蒿(Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch)人工草地的土壤水分和植物生长状况进行研究。结果表明,白沙蒿密度在5.1~9株·m-2时,整个生长期土壤水分处于严重亏缺状态, 0~100 cm土层水分含量仅为0.55%~0.7%,白沙蒿死亡率高达55%~76.7%;密度在1.9株·m-2时,其土壤水分含量在0.65%~1.01%,白沙蒿死亡率为21.1%;密度在1.25株·m-2时,土壤水分在0.79%~1.48%,白沙蒿无一株死亡,且植株个体生长状况好于密度大样地,并有自繁育苗补偿,这表明研究区种植白沙蒿的适宜密度在1株·m-2左右。裸露沙地0~100 cm土壤含水量为1.3%~2.48%。 相似文献
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农业土壤交换性钙镁测定方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《西部资源》2017,(3)
本文对农业土壤交性钙镁的测定方法进行了改进实验,利用振荡法对样品进行浸提,电感耦合等离子光谱仪(ICP-OES)测定,总结出一套适合于批量农业土壤样品交换性钙镁的测试方法,方法简便,快速,稳定,易于掌握。选取国家一级标准物质进行验证,方法精密度(RSD,n=11):0.82%~3.38%,准确度(RE):-2.4%~1.3%,方法测定结果与国家标准物质推荐值一致。 相似文献
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Cobalt is obtained mainly as a byproduct of the mining and metallurgical processing of copper and nickel. The amount of minable
cobalt has a characteristic supply limit, which is dependent upon demand for copper and nickel. It is considered that cobalt
consumption will be affected by the amount mined in the near future, because world demand has been gradually increasing, while
the production from copper sulfide ores in Zaire and Zambia, major producing countries, has decreased for political, economical
and technological reasons. The world demand for cobalt has surpassed the world mine production, and cobalt sales from the
National Defense Stockpile of the United States and exports from Russia and cobalt recovered from stockpiled intermediates
contributed to the supply in 1994. It is concluded, from a statistical point of view, that this trend of shortage and high
prices for cobalt will continue in the near future. 相似文献
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研究了在酸性条件下,邻-菲啉分光光度法测定岩盐中微量Fe2+、Fe3+。实验结果表明,铁的质量浓度在0~5μg/mL范围内测得吸光度值与质量浓度之间的关系遵守朗伯—比耳定律,摩尔吸光系数ε=1.1×104L.moL-1.cm-1。Fe2+、Fe3+平均回收率分别为102.47%、100.93%,相对标准偏差分别为2.82%、2.68%(RSD,N=6)。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、稳定性好、选择性好,用于岩盐中微量Fe2+、Fe3+的测定,结果令人满意。 相似文献
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全新世中期以来山东半岛东北岸相对海面变化与海积地貌发育 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
山东半岛东北岸发育有许多大型海积地貌体,其中尤以龙口屺岛连岛沙坝、烟台芝罘岛连岛沙坝和荣成石岛湾口沙坝规模最大,形态最典型。这三个形成于不同自然地理条件下的沙坝之间,既有成因、沉积结构、泥沙来源等方面的显着差异性,又有地貌与沉积方面的的可比性。对这些差异性、可比性的深入分析表明,全新世中期以来短时间尺度、小幅度的相对海面变化,对海积地貌发育有着深刻的控制作用。这种控制作用包括海面升降引起的海岸横剖面调整和入海河流河床纵剖面调整,进而对沿岸纵向泥沙流强度和沙坝发育产生深刻影响。 相似文献
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F.F. Gorbatsevich 《Geophysical Journal International》1987,91(2):493-500
Summary. A method for the determination of the anisotropic characteristics of rock samples by acousto-polarization analysis is described. Linearly polarized shear-waves generated by a transducer, propagate through a sample and are recorded by a polarized receiver. Measurements are made by rotating the sample first with the polarization vectors of source and receiver aligned parallel, and rotating again with the polarization vectors orthogonal. The method can determine the orientation of the anisotropic symmetry axes, and can be used to examine linear anisotropic absorption. Use of the method is illustrated by application to strongly anisotropic rocks. It appears to be an effective means of determining the elastic characteristics of rock samples and other anisotropic media. 相似文献
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利用原地生宇生核素测定暴露年代时,通常会假设地貌体侵蚀速率为0。研究表明,该假设会低估地貌体的真实暴露年代。搜集2009~2012年全球不同区域56个岩石样品的宇生核素10Be测年数据,探讨侵蚀速率为0对于侵蚀速率为0.5、1以及2 mm/ka的样品,在不同暴露尺度上对暴露年代计算的影响幅度。结果表明,对于1×104a尺度的样品暴露年代可能低估约0.5%,1%,2%;对于10×104a尺度的样品可能低估约5%,7%,20%;对于50×104a尺度的样品可能低估约40%,70%甚至100%以上。 相似文献
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We studied the petrology and mineralogy of two types of shock-melted H chondrites: Yamato (Y)–791088 and LaPaz Ice Field (LAP) 02240. Y–791088, which consists of numerous coarse-grained relict phases (40%) and euhedral fine-grained minerals solidified from the shock melt (60%), experienced incomplete melting; a quiescent melt is indicated by the existence of abundant relict phases, pseudomorphed chondrules, and two types of glass. LAP 02240, which consists of small amounts of coarse-grained relict phases (～10%) and fine-grained minerals (～90%), experienced near-complete melting; a rapidly cooled mobilized melt is indicated by the homogeneous compositions of glass and opaque veins.The homogeneous compositions of relict olivines indicate that the precursors of both chondrites were equilibrated H chondrites. The melting features of Y–791088 and LAP 02240 are very similar to those of Y–790964 (LL) and the fine-grained lithology of Y–790519 (LL), respectively. These two types of shock-melted ordinary chondrites possibly formed in situ during dike formation. The quiescent melt is thought to have originated from the injection of shock-heated chondrite blocks into mobilized melt. These two types of melting could have occurred during dike formation on the H chondrite parent body. The textures of the two types of shock melts were not simply affected by the degree of shock melting: they were also controlled by the degree of shear stress. 相似文献
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The production, accumulation, and decay of cosmogenic radionuclides in rock surfaces subjected to episodes of exposure and burial by ice results in nuclide concentrations in present day rock surfaces that can be used to address a variety of questions in glacial geomorphology and Quaternary geology. Of particular importance is the fact that these nuclide concentrations reflect both the timing of initial exposure of the rock surface and the chronology of subsequent exposure, burial, and erosion episodes. For landscapes where geomorphic evidence indicates that little/no erosion occurred, constraining the timing of initial exposure and the number of phases of exposure and burial that a rock surface has been subjected to is possible using multiple cosmogenic radionuclide concentrations combined with proxies for the timing and duration of periods of ice cover, such as ice core or marine isotope records. However, interpretations based on this approach require determination of an appropriate cutoff value to separate the proxy record into ice-free and ice-covered conditions and assessment of the sensitivity of the results to different cutoff values.We have developed a numerical model to evaluate variations in total exposure and burial durations as a function of different proxy records and cutoff values. This program is available at http://www.missouri.edu/~liyk/ClimateProxyCurve.zip. Initial results for sites in West Antarctica and northern Sweden show that the method provides a quick and robust way to derive best-fit cutoff values and chronologies of burial and exposure, and small changes in cutoff values can result in significant shifts in results. The method described here provides new insight into the interpretation and reliability of multiple nuclide samples. This approach also has the potential to provide improved constraints for ice sheet dynamics and landscape evolution, and a means to assess the sensitivity of calculated initial exposure dates to assumptions about ice sheet history. 相似文献
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密云石匣小流域土地利用对土壤粗化的影响 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
在北京密云石匣小流域坡面径流试验小区的坡耕地、休闲地和荒草地的坡上部、坡中部和坡下部,分别对表层和剖面进行了采样,用筛分的方法分析土样中大于2mm石砾所占百分数来确定不同土地利用下的土壤粗化程度。试验结果表明:休闲地、坡耕地和荒草地小区的土壤粗化程度为休闲地>坡耕地>荒草地。假设荒草地石砾所占百分数为正常值,用某种土地利用方式下石砾所占百分数与荒草地石砾所占百分数的比值来表示该土地利用下的土壤粗化程度指数,则0-1cm土层休闲地和坡耕地的粗化程度指数分别为2.96和2.07。土地利用方式不同,剖面层间的粗化特性也存在差异。荒草地剖面层不存在土壤粗化;休闲地和坡耕地剖面层则存在土壤粗化。本研究可为土壤退化等级评价和土地利用规划提供基础资料 相似文献