共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
对托素湖沉积岩芯采用高分辨率XRF扫描分析法进行地球化学元素测试,运用多元统计分析法中的相关性分析、聚类分析及因子分析判别出不同沉积组分,揭示了托素湖沉积物中Si、Al、K、Ti、Ca、Sr、S、Cl、Br等元素的地球化学特征及其所指示的环境意义。同属强烈迁移型元素Ca、Sr在沉积物中主要受托素湖中内生碳酸盐的影响;而外源碎屑元素Si、Al、K、Ti主要受托素湖流域侵蚀的控制,其变化受托素湖流域降水量的控制,一定程度上指示了流域的干湿波动和极端气候事件发生的幅度与频率。 相似文献
2.
内蒙古嘎顺诺尔湖泊沉积物磁化率与粒度的古环境意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
湖泊沉积物磁化率和粒度已被广泛地应用于古环境和古气候研究,但在不同地区两者的关系不同,一般与磁性矿物来源、种类和赋存粒级有关。查明磁性矿物来源和赋存状态是利用粒度和磁化率恢复古环境的重要基础。通过测定干旱区嘎顺诺尔GXN剖面湖泊沉积物的磁化率与粒度及两者的相关关系,结合代表性样品的岩石磁学特征,揭示此类地区湖泊沉积物磁性矿物来源和赋存状态,探讨它们在干旱区湖泊沉积物中所反映的环境变化信息。结果显示,剖面下部（200~105 cm）和上部（36~0 cm）沉积物磁化率与粗砂含量呈正相关,中部（105~36 cm）与粉砂含量呈正相关,表明磁性矿物主要富集于粗颗粒和较粗颗粒组分中。剖面下部和中部沉积物以顺磁性矿物为主,含少量亚铁磁性矿物（如磁铁矿+磁赤铁矿）,含少量顺磁性矿物;剖面上部沉积物以亚铁磁性矿物为主（如磁赤铁矿+磁铁矿）,含少量顺磁性矿物。根据嘎顺诺尔晚全新世湖泊沉积物剖面的岩性、磁化率和粒度组合特征,可将其划分为河漫滩相沉积（200~105 cm）、浅湖相沉积（105~36 cm）和滨浅湖相沉积（36~0 cm）3个阶段。该湖粒度组分中<4 μm和4~64 μm颗粒主要反映了湖泊水动力的变化,受碎屑物来源和水动力条件的控制;而河漫滩相中>64 μm粗颗粒组分的峰值是风力作用的结果。河漫滩相及滨浅湖相的磁化率高值则指示了湖面较低,水动力较强,有较多的磁性矿物随粗颗粒入湖;浅湖相的磁化率低值则指示该时期湖面较高,水动力较弱,磁性矿物随入湖粗颗粒含量的减少而降低。 相似文献
3.
湖相沉积物酸溶与酸不溶组分常量元素的地球化学行为及其环境意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
湖泊沉积物元素地球化学是探讨湖泊沉积环境的有效代用指标之一.通过青藏高原北缘柴达木盆地湖相沉积剖面沉积物中酸溶组分(AS)和酸不溶组分(AI)常量元素(K,Ca,Na,Mg,Ti,Fe,Mn和Al)的测试,分析了不同组分中常量元素的分布特征及其元素含量与矿物组成的关系.结果显示:剖面中常量元素的组成与沉积物矿物成分密切相关,酸溶组分与酸不溶组分中元素含量差别较大,揭示出不同组分对湖泊沉积环境的响应模式存在差异.其中,沉积物酸不溶组分中的Al、Fe等元素与石英矿物相对含量变化呈负相关,而与粘土矿物相对含量呈正相关,揭示出酸不溶组分元素变化与湖泊流域物质组成或风化强度等信息有关.沉积物酸溶组分常量元素含量相对较低,Na和Ca等活泼元素在酸溶组分中相对富集,与碳酸盐含量有较好的相关性,主要形成于湖泊自生作用.通过与常规代用指标沉积物粒度和87Sr/86Sr对比分析,贝壳堤剖面酸溶组分Mg/Ca比值部分继承了源区的信号,不能直接响应于湖泊盐度的变化.利用去趋势方法,去趋势后酸溶组分Mg/Ca比值与中值粒径及锶同位素比值呈现较好的正相关性,响应于传统的盐度模式解释,揭示了Mg/Ca比值指示湖泊环境变化的可靠性,综合分析不同组分的地球化学元素信息在提取和解译沉积物元素地球化学的环境代用指标方面具有重要意义. 相似文献
4.
《干旱区地理》2021,44(5):1317-1327
湖泊沉积物中的粒度参数记载了丰富的流域环境变化信息,可为无器测资料地区重建古环境变化序列提供可靠的途径。通过对巴尔喀什湖岩芯沉积物中粒度、磁化率等环境代用指标的分析,结合放射性137Cs定年以及流域气候、湖泊水位等器测记录数据,研究了巴尔喀什湖沉积物中粒度变化特征及其环境指示意义。结果表明:巴尔喀什湖沉积物中黏土质(4μm)组分平均含量为20.32%,细粉砂质(4～16μm)为40.13%,中粉砂质(16～32μm)为22.86%,粗粉砂质(32～64μm)为10.55%,砂质(64μm)为6.13%。通过粒径标准-偏差法提取了沉积物中环境细颗粒敏感组分(F1,6.61～10.00μm)和粗颗粒敏感组分(F2,45.71～69.18μm)。研究表明在人类活动影响不断加强的背景下,粒度敏感组分的含量变化不能敏感的反映湖泊水位、入湖径流乃至区域气候的变化,而与沉积物中磁化率所反映的人类活动强度变化存在较为显著的相关关系(r=0.870,P0.01),这可能与人类活动增强导致的流域内富含磁性物质的细颗粒碎屑物质被搬运入湖有关,湖泊沉积物中磁化率升高的同时,湖泊沉积物中细颗粒物质增加。研究结果可为长时间尺度下古环境重建研究提供重要参考依据,同时也对揭示流域人类活动对湖泊环境的影响具有一定的科学意义。 相似文献
5.
岱海是东亚夏季风边缘地带的闭流型半咸水湖泊,其汇水流域降水量的变化易于引发湖泊水位和水化学变动。选用DH11-1岩芯进行1 mm分辨率XRF元素扫描分析,并对测试结果进行多元数理统计分析,旨在查明这些元素与外源碎屑、自生碳酸盐沉积以及岱海水位、水化学变化的关联。结果显示,Si、Al、Ti、K、Fe、Rb等元素相关性好,并呈现相似的变化趋势,其含量变化与主要河流带入的碎屑物的多寡有关;Ca元素主要反映沉积物中自生碳酸盐即文石和方解石矿物含量的增减。研究发现,在人类活动严重影响之前,岱海在过去~400年期间的环境特征总体可划分为4个阶段,各阶段的水位、水化学特征及水量平衡有所不同,总体受汇水盆地降水量变化的控制。此外,沉积物中Cu、Zn、Cr可能与人类活动影响有关。 相似文献
6.
岱海是东亚夏季风边缘地带的闭流型半咸水湖泊,其汇水流域降水量的变化易于引发湖泊水位和水化学变动。选用DH11-1岩芯进行1 mm分辨率XRF元素扫描分析,并对测试结果进行多元数理统计分析,旨在查明这些元素与外源碎屑、自生碳酸盐沉积以及岱海水位、水化学变化的关联。结果显示,Si、Al、Ti、K、Fe、Rb等元素相关性好,并呈现相似的变化趋势,其含量变化与主要河流带入的碎屑物的多寡有关;Ca元素主要反映沉积物中自生碳酸盐即文石和方解石矿物含量的增减。研究发现,在人类活动严重影响之前,岱海在过去~400年期间的环境特征总体可划分为4个阶段,各阶段的水位、水化学特征及水量平衡有所不同,总体受汇水盆地降水量变化的控制。此外,沉积物中Cu、Zn、Cr可能与人类活动影响有关。 相似文献
7.
湖泊粉尘记录是研究区域大气粉尘演化历史的重要载体,而现代过程研究是定量提取湖泊沉积物中粉尘信号的重要基础。对山西公海湖泊沉积岩芯样品及周边不同类型的表土样品开展了粒度分析,并对岩芯样品进行粒度组分的定量分离。结果表明：全新世湖泊岩芯样品以黏粒（<2 μm）、细粉砂（2～19 μm）和粗粉砂（19～78 μm）为主,粗粉砂组分的粒度特征与湖泊沉积物中的石英颗粒、黄土样品中的粗粒组分及现代大气降尘的粒度特征相似,石英颗粒的表面微形态也具有典型风成特征。因此,公海湖泊沉积物中粒径19～78 μm的粗粉砂组分可用来代表大气粉尘的变化,这与湖泊沉积物中粗粉砂组分是大气尘暴降尘主要组分的认识一致。另外,公海湖泊冰面粉尘样品的平均粒径还具有从西北向东南递减的趋势,表现出与冬季风方向一致的特征,进一步表明公海湖泊沉积物中粗粉砂组分可以代表东亚冬季风强度的变化。因此,公海湖泊岩芯中的粗粉砂组分可用来重建全新世大气粉尘变化以及可能的东亚冬季风强度演化历史。 相似文献
8.
《地理科学进展》2015,(7)
湖沼沉积物地球化学元素对地球气候环境变化敏感性强。本文以江西定南大湖湖沼沉积物地球化学元素为研究对象,使用主成分分析法,并结合总有机碳(TOC)、有机碳同位素(δ13Corg)、中值粒径(Md)、化学蚀变指数(CIA)等相关气候代用指标,以元素组对的形式阐释不同地化元素响应不同气候环境下的地球化学行为和迁移规律。研究结果显示:第一主成分(PC1)包括Al2O3、Ti O2、Si O2、Nb、Rb、Ga、Ba、S等元素,曲线变化与CIA相似,指示湖泊流域的化学风化强度,气候暧湿,PC1含量高;第二主成分(PC2)包括Co、Zr、Hf元素,曲线变化与中值粒径较为一致,指示湖泊流域的水动力条件,气候冷干,PC2含量高;第三主成分(PC3)包括Sc、Cu、U、V元素,曲线变化与TOC、δ13Corg含量变化一致。大湖沉积物的物质来源为:在气候暧湿、流域化学风化作用强的条件下,地表径流冲刷流域周边花岗岩风化壳物质并搬运至湖盆沉积,但不排除在冷干时期,风力携带粉尘物质堆积的影响,粉尘物质可能主要源于周边的风化碎屑物。 相似文献
9.
哈拉湖位于青海省境内祁连山系西部,属于高山内陆湖泊。对哈拉湖域进行了植被样方调查及表土、湖底表层沉积物花粉分析,结果显示该流域表土花粉组合能较好地反映样方植被群落特征,高寒荒漠草原植被样点花粉组合以蒿属、菊科、藜科花粉为主,高寒草甸样点莎草科花粉占绝对优势。R值分析结果显示藜科、莎草科和蒿属花粉具有超代表性,而禾本科、菊科、豆科花粉具有低代表性特征。湖底表层沉积物中的花粉分析结果显示湖泊沉积物花粉受控于湖泊近源植被,花粉组合能较好反映湖区整体植被特征,花粉分布具有均一性。沉积物表层花粉组合以蒿属、藜科为主,双气囊型花粉如云杉属、松属等少量出现,表明河流和风力是哈拉湖沉积物花粉输入的主要动力。该研究为在哈拉湖地区利用花粉重建古植被提供了重要的参考依据。 相似文献
10.
湖沼沉积物地球化学元素对地球气候环境变化敏感性强。本文以江西定南大湖湖沼沉积物地球化学元素为研究对象,使用主成分分析法,并结合总有机碳(TOC)、有机碳同位素(δ13Corg)、中值粒径(Md)、化学蚀变指数(CIA)等相关气候代用指标,以元素组对的形式阐释不同地化元素响应不同气候环境下的地球化学行为和迁移规律。研究结果显示：第一主成分(PC1)包括Al2O3、TiO2、SiO2、Nb、Rb、Ga、Ba、S等元素,曲线变化与CIA相似,指示湖泊流域的化学风化强度,气候暧湿,PC1含量高;第二主成分(PC2)包括Co、Zr、Hf元素,曲线变化与中值粒径较为一致,指示湖泊流域的水动力条件,气候冷干,PC2含量高;第三主成分(PC3)包括Sc、Cu、U、V元素,曲线变化与TOC、δ13Corg含量变化一致。大湖沉积物的物质来源为：在气候暧湿、流域化学风化作用强的条件下,地表径流冲刷流域周边花岗岩风化壳物质并搬运至湖盆沉积,但不排除在冷干时期,风力携带粉尘物质堆积的影响,粉尘物质可能主要源于周边的风化碎屑物。 相似文献
11.
Johan Rydberg 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2014,52(3):265-276
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) has been used extensively to analyze many types of environmental samples, including lake sediments. In most cases, however, analyses have required either a relatively large sample mass or sample pretreatment, e.g. lithium borate fusion, and have not taken advantage of the potential of XRF analysis as a non-destructive technique. This paper describes the development of two completely non-destructive calibration methods that use small, i.e. 200- and 500-mg loose-powder sediment samples. Analytical performance of these methods was assessed using ten different certified reference materials and a previously analyzed sediment profile, and for both methods, accuracy and precision were less than ±10 % (or a few ppm) for 26 elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Sn, Sb, Ba, W and Pb). This shows that quantitative wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, using small loose-powder samples, can be a useful geochemical tool for many paleolimnological applications, especially because lack of pretreatment ensures that samples can be used for further analysis. 相似文献
12.
Kumtagh Desert is one of the eight biggest deserts in China, but poorly investigated before our interdisciplinary study because of the difficulty of access. In this paper, 33 representative surface sediment samples were collected from the Kumtagh Desert and analyzed in the laboratory to obtain heavy mineral components and geochemical element contents. Results show that various kinds of heavy minerals are present in these samples, with high levels of epidote and hornblende. Si and Al take up a large part of chemical composition. Compared with the average composition of geochemical elements of the upper continental crust (UCC), except Si and Ca, all elements are depleted to a certain degree; Fe, Mg, Ca, P, Ti and Mn have high correlation coefficients in their contents. The mineral and geochemical composition of the Kumtagh Desert sediments have a similarity with that of rocks of Altyn Tagh Mountains, and the surface sediments of the alluvial/diluvial fans around the Altyn Tagh Mountains and that of the Taklamakan Desert, indicating that one major source of the Kumtagh Desert sediments is located in the Altyn Tagh Mountains. Alluvial deposits and lake sediments in Aqik valley and lower reaches of Shule River are prone to be eroded and transported by the strong northeasterly wind into the Kumtagh Desert, forming another source of the desert deposits. An A-CN-K ternary diagram shows that a weak degree chemical weathering by the loss of Na and K occurred in these sediments, whereas A-CNK-FM ternary diagram suggests that Fe and Mg have undergone a significant chemical differentiation. Physical weathering processes cause easy erosion and enrichment in fine particles for mafic minerals, thus coarse desert sand particles can be relatively depleted in Fe and Mg. The mineral and geochemical composition of sediments in arid regions experiencing less chemical weathering are mostly affected by physical weathering. 相似文献
13.
兰州市沙尘和非沙尘天气沉降物的化学特性比较 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
选择兰州市典型沙尘和非沙尘天气收集两类降尘,并对其元素组成进行测定。结果表明：兰州非沙尘和沙尘天气沉降物中含量较高的主要元素分别为Si、Ca、Al、Fe和Si、K、Ca、Al,含量最低的主要元素均是Ti;含量较高的微量元素是Mn、Ba、Zn、Sr和Mn、Ba、Sr、Zr,含量较低的微量元素均是Nb、Co、Y、As;兰州非沙尘和沙尘天气沉降物中主要元素及微量元素含量的排序差异较小,但是两种样品同种元素的丰度值存在较大变异,说明两种沉降物的来源有一定的差异。兰州非沙尘天气沉降物中Si、Fe、Mg、K、Na、Ti、V、Mn、Co、Ni、Rb、Sr、Y、Zr、Nb等元素主要来自于地壳源,Ca、Cr、Cu、Ba、Pb、Zn、As等元素与本地的人类污染活动有关,其中Pb、Zn、As是兰州重要的污染元素。沙尘天气沉降物中多数元素来自于外地入侵的沙尘,部分元素如Pb、Zn、As、Cu、Cr、K、Ni可能源于沙尘天气长距离传输途中矿物气溶胶与沿途污染源排放的污染物的混合。 相似文献
14.
15.
Karin A. Koinig William Shotyk André F. Lotter Christian Ohlendorf Michael Sturm 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2003,30(3):307-320
A 9000cal. year record of geochemistry was analysed in a sediment core obtained from a Swiss alpine hard-water lake (1937 ma.s.l.) that is located at the present-day tree-line. Geochemical stratigraphies are compared to changes in mineralogy, grain-size, pollen, and macrofossil records. This allows the reconstruction of the effects of changes in vegetation and of 3500 years of land-use in the catchment area on sediment geochemistry. Using principal component analysis, two major geochemical groups are distinguished: (i) Changes in concentrations of Rb, Ti, Zr, Fe, As, and Pb are closely related to corresponding changes in the concentrations of quartz and clay. They are thus considered to represent the silicate fraction which shows an increase from the oldest to the youngest core section. (ii) In contrast, Ca and Sr concentrations are positively correlated with changes in silt, sand, and calcite. They are therefore considered to represent the carbonate fraction which gradually decreased. Based on constrained cluster analysis, the core is divided into two major zones. The oldest zone (A; 9000–6400 cal.BP) is characterised by high concentrations of detrital carbonates. The more open catchment vegetation at that time promoted the physical weathering of these carbonates. The second major zone (B, 6400 cal.BP–1996 AD) is divided into four subsections with boundaries at ca. 3500, 2400, and 160cal. BP. The lower part of this zone, B1, is characterized by a gradual decrease in the carbonate-silt fraction and a pronounced increase in the silicate-clay fraction. This is concurrent with the expansion of Picea in the catchment area, which probably stabilized the soil. The middle part, B2 and B3 (3500–160cal. BP), comprises pronounced fluctuations in all elements, especially Ca, Sr, Mn, and Rb, but also in clay and silt. These changes are related to varying intensities of alpine farming. In the same section, Mn/Fe ratios are highly variable, suggesting changes in the mixing regime of the lake with phases of anoxic bottom water. The uppermost section, B4 (since 160cal. BP), is characterized by a steep decline in the silicate fraction and an increase in Ca and Sr. Despite the decrease in the silicate fraction, Pb increases, due to elevated atmospheric input resulting from early metal pollution, are masked by the high natural variability. Generally, changes in vegetation, which correspond to climate changes in the early Holocene and to human activities since ca. 3700cal. BP, are the controlling factor for variations in the geochemical composition of the sediment of Sägistalsee. 相似文献
16.
John F. Boyle 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2000,23(2):213-221
Energy dispersive isotope-source X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysers are little used in academic environmental research, in spite of being ideally suited to a number of tasks. In this paper an XRF method is tested by measuring a wide range of environmental materials of known elemental composition. Precision, accuracy and detection limits are presented.Using isotope-source X-ray fluorescence analysis, the total concentrations of Si, Ti, Ca, K, Fe, Mn, Cl, S, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Zn and Zr can be determined in soils and sediments at a rate of >70 samples per day. The combination of speed and accuracy makes the technique ideal for three classes of application within environmental research. First, in sediments and soils that are highly heterogeneous, reliable characterisation is more dependent upon the number of samples measured than on measurement precision or accuracy. Under these circumstances the method is sufficiently accurate to be used alone. This is also the case where there is high and wide ranging contamination of sediment or soil by Pb and Zn. Second, major elements (Si, Ti, Fe, Ca, K and S) can be measured with sufficient accuracy in sediments and soils to aid the interpretation of other sediment chemical analyses. Third, the technique is ideal for the rapid screening of sediment or soil, allowing effective targeting of samples for more time consuming or expensive analyses. The XRF method presented here offers rapid, non-destructive total elemental analysis of sediments and soils that is sufficiently accurate to be useful in environmental research. 相似文献
17.
Bohdan Kříbek Ilja Knésl Petr Rojík Ivana Sýkorová Karel Martínek 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2017,58(2):169-190
The intracontinental Lower Miocene Cypris paleo-lake originated during progressive subsidence in the Sokolov Basin, part of the Cenozoic Oh?e Rift, after the deposition of coal seams. The Cypris Fm. consists almost entirely of lacustrine clays with variable mineral composition and organic matter, where this succession is 70–120 m thick. The main objective of this study was to interpret the geochemical history of the Lower Miocene Cypris Fm. using high-resolution, down-core geochemical records and study of the organic matter. This work revealed that the lower part of the lacustrine sediment sequence was deposited in a freshwater lake, in an open hydrological system. An increase in the K/Zr and K/Ti ratios towards the upper part of the Cypris Fm. indicates a gradual increase in the pelitic fraction of the local sediments and/or a decline in input of volcanic material. Simultaneously, increasing Ca/K and Sr/K ratios indicate the precipitation of carbonates, predominantly dolomite and siderite. In the upper part of the Cypris Fm., there is a significant increase in Na/K, Na/Zr, and Na/Ti ratios, suggesting increasing salinity (alkalinity) of the paleoenvironment in a closed hydrological system. Reaction between the Na-rich water and clastic components of the sediment in an alkaline medium gave rise to the formation of zeolites, mixed-layer clay minerals and smectite. Abundant remains of aquatic organisms, especially algae, increased with greater salinity in the upper part of the Cypris Fm. This is reflected in the greater hydrogen index (HIRock Eval), and the growing proportion of liptinite group macerals of aquatic origin in the bulk organic matter. During the entire history of sedimentation in the Miocene lake, repetitive changes in the sediment geochemistry occurred at both micro- and macroscales, and fluctuations of K/Ti, K/Zr, and Sr/Ca ratios over meters to tens of meters are observed. These changes probably reflect either long-term climate fluctuations during the Lower Miocene or oscillations caused by changes in the rate of subsidence of the basin floor. Variations in the elemental composition of sediments can be used to correlate individual boreholes across the entire sedimentary basin. 相似文献
18.
Malin E. Kylander Jonatan Klaminder Barbara Wohlfarth Ludvig Löwemark 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2013,50(1):57-70
There is a relatively good understanding of the paleoenvironmental changes that have occurred in southern Sweden since the Late Glacial. A main exception, however, is the sedimentary response of lacustrine systems during this period of rapid climate shifts. To address this, high-resolution X-ray fluorescence core scanning, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), C/N and δ13C analyses were made on a core from Hässeldala Port, a paleolake in the region. Site-specific geochemical analyses documented variations in silicate inputs (Zr/Ti, Si/Ti, K/Ti and K/Rb), productivity (TOC, Ca/Ti and Sr/Ti), as well as redox conditions in the sediment (δ13C, Mn/Ti and Fe/Ti), which were then linked to the regional climatic framework. During the Bølling/Older Dryas sediment accumulation was at its highest, particularly prior to colonization by terrestrial vegetation, and hydrological transport dominated. No clear signal of the Older Dryas was detected in the elemental chemistry. The Allerød was a period of relatively constant sediment accumulation, with the exception of during the Gerzensee oscillation when rates increased. There is evidence for increased within-lake and -catchment productivity and a change in silicate source during parts of the Allerød. As opposed to other records from the region, constant sediment accumulation rates were found during the Younger Dryas. Other proxies also suggest that this was a rather static period at Hässeldala Port. A gradual change in productivity and hydrological activity was observed from 12,000 cal year BP. The Preboreal section is rather short but the geochemical response was similar to that seen during other periods with milder climate conditions. The geochemical record archived in the sediments at Hässeldala Port was found to be the integrated result of physical erosion, landscape and soil development, vegetation changes, basin hydrology and moisture and temperature variations and it fills an important information gap in our understanding of the geochemical response of lake sediments to past climate change. 相似文献
19.
Ulrike Kienel Sabine Wulf Bowen Roger Byrne Jungjae Park Harald Böhnel Peter Dulski James F. Luhr Lee Siebert Gerald H. Haug Jörg F. W. Negendank 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2009,42(4):587-609
We present varve chronologies for sediments from two maar lakes in the Valle de Santiago region (Central Mexico): Hoya La Alberca (AD 1852–1973) and Hoya Rincón de Parangueo (AD 1839–1943). These are the first varve chronologies for Mexican lakes. The varved sections were anchored with tephras from Colima (1913) and Paricutín (1943/1944) and 210Pb ages. We compare the sequences using the thickness of seasonal laminae and element counts (Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ti, Mn, Fe, and Sr) determined by micro X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The formation of the varve sublaminae is attributed to the strongly seasonal climate regime. Limited rainfall and high evaporation rates in winter and spring induce precipitation of carbonates (high Ca, Sr) enriched in 13C and 18O, whereas rainfall in summer increases organic and clastic input (plagioclase, quartz) with high counts of lithogenic elements (K, Al, Ti, and Si). Eolian input of Ti occurs also in the dry season. Moving correlations (5-yr windows) of the Ca and Ti counts show similar development in both sequences until the 1930s. Positive correlations indicate mixing of allochthonous Ti and autochthonous Ca, while negative correlations indicate their separation in sublaminae. Negative excursions in the correlations correspond with historic and reconstructed droughts, El Niño events, and positive SST anomalies. Based on our data, droughts (3–7 year duration) were severe and centred around the following years: the early 1850s, 1865, 1880, 1895, 1905, 1915 and the late 1920s with continuation into the 1930s. The latter dry period brought both lake systems into a critical state making them susceptible to further drying. Groundwater overexploitation due to the expansion of irrigation agriculture in the region after 1940 induced the transition from calcite to aragonite precipitation in Alberca and halite infiltration in Rincón. The proxy data indicate a faster response to increased evaporation for Rincón, the lake with the larger maar dimensions, solar radiation receipt and higher conductivity, whereas the smaller, steeper Alberca maar responded rapidly to increased precipitation. 相似文献