共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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《地理空间信息》2017,(8)
利用SPOT全色波段影像和Landsat ETM+多光谱影像,采用波段特征分析法和改进的最佳波段指数法确定最佳融合波段。选择具有代表性的HSV变换、Brovey变换、PCA变换、Gram-schmidt变换和小波变换方法进行影像融合。针对融合后的影像采用定量评价法进行质量评价,通过不同地物的光谱、空间和纹理信息等进行比较分析构建适当的分类特征和规则,采用面向对象的遥感分类方法进行分类。结果表明,波段特征分析法和改进的最佳波段指数法结合,可以获得最佳融合波段。各融合方法均有效提升了影像效果,其中HSV和GS变换融合方法更好地保持了影像的多光谱和高分辨率特性,融合后各地物特征分类明显,可以有效应用于湿地分类;采用主成分分析法来设置面向对象分类中的波段权重,可以利用各波段信息量的差异进行影像的分割。基于各种遥感指数的面向对象分类方法用于湿地分类获得了93.62%的分类精度,与传统的分类方法相比有了很大进步,在湿地分类中具有很大的应用潜力。 相似文献
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根据侧扫声纳影像的特征,提出一种基于SVM和GLCM的侧扫声纳影像分类方法,利用灰度共生矩阵提取其纹理特征,采用主成分分析法对纹理特征进行筛选,选择适合侧扫声纳影像的最佳纹理特征,结合侧扫声纳影像的回波强度,应用支持向量机对侧扫声纳影像进行分类。研究结果表明,纹理特征结合回波强度的支持向量机分类精度高于只依靠回波强度的支持向量机分类精度。 相似文献
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面向对象的影像分析技术在高分辨率影像地物信息的提取中有着重要应用.利用Sentinel-2高分辨率多光谱影像数据,以合肥市包河区作为研究区域,应用多尺度分割技术将影像分割成对象,并对特征空间进行选择和优化,基于面向对象分类方法提取出研究区域最近邻的六种典型地物,分类结果与面向像元的最大似然分类、支持向量机、神经网络的结果进行比较.结果表明:利用面向对象方法进行土地利用分类的总体精度88.90％,Kappa系数为0.8579,优于三种传统的监督分类方法.证明了面向对象的影像分析技术在土地利用分类中的实用性. 相似文献
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面向对象遥感影像分类过程中,特征选择是保证分类精度和提高分类速度的关键因素。本文针对高分影像特征过多造成维度灾难、无法取舍有效特征导致低分类精度等问题,提出了一种基于特征贡献度与主成分分析(PCA)结合的特征选择优化方法,定量分析并提取影像特征。本文首先利用特征贡献度进行特征选择,提取有效特征;然后进行PCA变换消除特征间相互影响,降低维度,将提取的143个影像分类特征经选择与变换至20个主成分特征,最终优化的特征在神经网络(ANN)、K最近邻法(KNN)和支持向量机(SVM)三种分类实验结果中的总精度分别提高了10.56%、7.78%和6.11%,实现了较好的分类效果,说明优化的特征选择方法不仅大大降低了特征维度,减少了后端分类计算量,同时有效提高了分类精度。 相似文献
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常规高光谱影像逐像素分类往往没有考虑空间相关性,分类结果未体现地物的空间关联和分布特征。为了在分类中充分利用空间特征,利用聚类信息并结合隐马尔可夫随机场模型讨论了高光谱遥感影像光谱-空间分类方法。首先,在不同特征提取方法（最小噪声分离、独立成分分析和主成分分析）下,使用不同聚类方法（k-均值、迭代自组织分析算法和模糊c-均值算法）借助隐马尔可夫随机场获取优化的分割图;然后,采用4连通区域标记法对分割区域标记生成图像对象,并根据支持向量机的逐像素分类结果采用多数投票法对图像对象进行分类;最后,借助凹槽窗口邻域滤波技术改进分类结果,削弱“椒盐”现象。该方法综合了监督分类和非监督分类的优势,通过聚类引入地物空间相关性信息,通过隐马尔可夫随机场引入上下文特征,较好地弥补了单纯基于光谱信息分类的不足。 相似文献
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张景景 《测绘与空间地理信息》2018,(4):146-150
高分辨率遥感卫星影像是获取地物精细类别的重要数据源,快速准确地获取土地利用和土地覆盖分类信息可为土地利用规划、土地管理等提供重要的数据支撑和决策依据。本文开展了高分辨率影像面向对象分类研究,首先,利用多尺度分割方法对高分辨率影像进行分割,基于分割对象,选取不同地物类别样本并计算光谱特征、纹理特征、几何特征。然后,针对特征冗余问题,利用最大相关最小冗余算法选择优先级较高特征,在此基础上结合遗传算法对特征集进行适当扩充(m GA)。在面向对象分类过程中,通过利用遗传算法对支持向量机模型进行快速参数寻优,并在此基础上对分割对象进行分类。最终地物总体精度达到85.93%,Kappa系数为0.828 2。并将分类结果与最近邻分类和随机森林分类结果进行了比较,地物分类精度提高了4.05%和6.81%。实验结果表明:基于m GA特征优化及SVM参数选择进行改进的面向对象的分类方法是有效的。 相似文献
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《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(8)
针对传统纹理提取窗口尺度固定,而且影像提取还会受到影像噪声、同物异谱或异物同谱等因素影响的问题,本文提出了一种融合多波段信息的自适应窗口算法。首先,利用多波段信息改进边缘检测算法,再基于边缘检测结果,选择最佳窗口尺度;其次,运用自适应窗口算法和固定尺度窗口算法分别提取影像纹理特征,并结合影像光谱特征进行支持向量机分类,对比分类结果,光谱特征结合自适应窗口纹理的分类精度优于结合固定尺度窗口纹理。表明自适应窗口算法提取纹理特征比固定尺度窗口算法更具优势,融合多波段信息的自适应窗口算法是有效的。 相似文献
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High spatial resolution hyperspectral images not only contain abundant radiant and spectral information, but also display rich spatial information. In this paper, we propose a multi-feature high spatial resolution hyperspectral image classification approach based on the combination of spectral information and spatial information. Three features are derived from the original high spatial resolution hyperspectral image: the spectral features that are acquired from the auto subspace partition technique and the band index technique; the texture features that are obtained from GLCM analysis of the first principal component after principal component analysis is performed on the original image; and the spatial autocorrelation features that contain spatial band X and spatial band Y, with the grey level of spatial band X changing along columns and the grey level of spatial band Y changing along rows. The three features are subsequently combined together in Support Vector Machine to classify the high spatial resolution hyperspectral image. The experiments with a high spatial resolution hyperspectral image prove that the proposed multi-feature classification approach significantly increases classification accuracies. 相似文献
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Effectiveness of SID as Spectral Similarity Measure to Develop Crop Spectra from Hyperspectral Image
Hasmukh J. Chauhan B. Krishna Mohan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(11):1853-1862
The present study was undertaken with the objective to check effectiveness of spectral information divergence (SID) to develop spectra from image for crop classes based on spectral similarity with field spectra. In multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing, classification of pixels is obtained by statistical comparison (by means of spectral similarity) of known field or library spectra to unknown image spectra. Though these algorithms are readily used, little emphasis has been placed on use of various spectral similarity measures to develop crop spectra from the image itself. Hence, in this study methodology suggested to develop spectra for crops based on SID. Absorption features are unique and distinct; hence, validation of the developed spectra is carried out using absorption features by comparing it with field spectra and finding average correlation coefficient r?=?0.982 and computed SID equivalent r?=?0.989. Effectiveness of developed spectra for image classification was computed by probability of spectral discrimination (PSD) and resulted in higher probability for the spectra developed based on SID. Image classification was carried out using field spectra and spectra assigned by SID. Overall classification accuracy of the image classified by field spectra is 78.30% and for the image classified by spectra assigned through SID-based approach is 91.82%. Z test shows that image classification carried out using spectra developed by SID is better than classification carried out using field spectra and significantly different. Validation by absorption features, effectiveness by PSD and higher classification accuracy show possibility of new approach for spectra development based on SID spectral similarity measure. 相似文献
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A margin-based feature selection approach is explored for hyperspectral data. This approach is based on measuring the confidence of a classifier when making predictions on a test data. Greedy feature flip and iterative search algorithms, which attempts to maximise the margin-based evaluation functions, were used in the present study. Evaluation functions use linear, zero–one and sigmoid utility functions where a utility function controls the contribution of each margin term to the overall score. The results obtained by margin-based feature selection technique were compared to a support vector machine-based recurring feature elimination approach. Two different hyperspectral data sets, one consisting of 65 bands (DAIS data) and other with 185 bands (AVIRIS data) were used. With digital airborne imaging spectrometer (DAIS) data, the classification accuracy by greedy feature flip algorithm and sigmoid utility function was 93.02% using a total of 24 selected features in comparison to an accuracy of 91.76% with full set of 65 features. The results suggest a significant increase in classification accuracy with 24 selected features. The classification accuracy (93.4%) achieved by the iterative search margin-based algorithm with 20 selected features using sigmoid utility function is also significantly more accurate than that achieved with 65 features. To judge the usefulness of margin-based feature selection approaches, another hyperspectral data set consisting of 185 features was used. A total of 65 selected features were used to evaluate the performance of margin-based feature selection approach. The results suggest a significantly improved performance by greedy feature flip-based feature selection technique with this data set also. This study also suggest that margin-based feature selection algorithms provide a comparable performance to support vector machine-based recurring feature elimination approach. 相似文献
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利用面向对象的分类方法从IKONOS全色影像中提取河流和道路 总被引：24，自引：0，他引：24
传统的基于像素的统计特征的分类方法在处理高分辨率影像的分类问题上遇到了很大的困难。本研究利用面向对象的影像分析方法对IKONOS全色影像进行了河流与道路的分类,包括利用影像对象的光谱特征的初次分类和利用子目标对象的线特征的二次分类两个过程;其中初次分类由于仅依据光谱信息,不能很好地将河流或道路与其他光谱特征相似的地物区分开,而通过引入子目标的形状特征进行二次分类,就可以准确地将河流与道路提取出来。试验结果表明,面向对象的分类方法能够满足高分辨率或纹理影像的分类需要,具有很大的应用潜力。 相似文献
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利用高光谱遥感影像的空间纹理特征，可以提高高光谱遥感影像的分类精度。提出了一种多层级二值模式的高光谱影像空-谱联合分类方法。该方法将高光谱影像转化为局部二值模式特征图像获取像元微观特征，基于特征图像生成多层级特征向量获取像元宏观特征。为验证该方法的有效性，选取PaviaU、Salinas和Chikusei高光谱影像数据，利用核极限学习机分类器，分别针对光谱、局部二值模式、多层级二值模式等特征开展实验。结果表明，多层级二值模式空-谱分类总体精度分别达到97.31%、98.96%和97.85%，明显优于传统光谱、3Gabor空-谱等分类方法。该方法可为高光谱影像分类提供更加有效的类别判定特征，有助于提高影像分类精度并获取更加平滑的分类结果图。 相似文献
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Land use and land cover classification is an important application of remote-sensing images. The performances of most classification models are largely limited by the incompleteness of the calibration set and the complexity of spectral features. It is difficult for models to realize continuous learning when the study area is transferred or enlarged. This paper proposed an adaptive unimodal subclass decomposition (AUSD) learning system, which comprises two-level iterative learning controls: The inner loop separates each class into several unimodal Gaussian subclasses; the outer loop utilizes transfer learning to extend the model to adapt to supplementary calibration set collected from enlarged study areas. The proposed model can be efficiently adjusted according to the variability of spectral signatures caused by the increasingly high-resolution imagery. The classification result can be obtained using the Gaussian mixture model by Bayesian decision theory. This AUSD learning system was validated using simulated data with the Gaussian distribution and multi-area SPOT-5 high-resolution images with 2.5-m resolution. The experimental results on numerical data demonstrated the ability of continuous learning. The proposed method achieved an overall accuracy of over 90% in all the experiments, validating the effectiveness as well as its superiority over several widely used classification methods. 相似文献
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Tengfei Su 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(3):354-380
This paper proposes an efficient paddy field mapping method using object-based image analysis and a bitemporal data set acquired by Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager. In the proposed approach, image segmentation is the first step and its quality has a serious impact on the accuracy of paddy field classification. In order to improve segmentation quality, a new segmentation algorithm based on a frequently used method, fractal net evolution approach, is developed, with improvement mainly in merging criteria. In order to automate the process of scale parameter determination, an unsupervised scale selection method is utilized to determine the optimal scale parameter for the proposed image segmentation approach. After segmentation, four types of object-based features including geometric, spectral, textural, and contextual information are extracted and input into the subsequent classification procedure. By using a random forest classifier, paddy fields and nonpaddy fields are separated. The proposed image segmentation method and the final classification result are both quantitatively evaluated. Our segmentation method outperformed two popular algorithms according to three supervised evaluation criteria. The classification result with overall accuracy of 91.00% and kappa statistic of 0.82 validated the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Further analysis on feature importance indicated that spectral features made the most contribution as compared to the other three types of object-based features. 相似文献
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Inclusion of textures in image classification has been shown beneficial. This paper studies an efficient use of semivariogram features for object-based high-resolution image classification. First, an input image is divided into segments, for each of which a semivariogram is then calculated. Second, candidate features are extracted as a number of key locations of the semivariogram functions. Then we use an improved Relief algorithm and the principal component analysis to select independent and significant features. Then the selected prominent semivariogram features and the conventional spectral features are combined to constitute a feature vector for a support vector machine classifier. The effect of such selected semivariogram features is compared with those of the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) features and window-based semivariogram texture features (STFs). Tests with aerial and satellite images show that such selected semivariogram features are of a more beneficial supplement to spectral features. The described method in this paper yields a higher classification accuracy than the combination of spectral and GLCM features or STFs. 相似文献
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A. Senthil Kumar V. Keerthi A.S. Manjunath Harald van der Werff Freek van der Meer 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
Classification of hyperspectral images has been receiving considerable attention with many new applications reported from commercial and military sectors. Hyperspectral images are composed of a large number of spectral channels, and have the potential to deliver a great deal of information about a remotely sensed scene. However, in addition to high dimensionality, hyperspectral image classification is compounded with a coarse ground pixel size of the sensor for want of adequate sensor signal to noise ratio within a fine spectral passband. This makes multiple ground features jointly occupying a single pixel. Spectral mixture analysis typically begins with pixel classification with spectral matching techniques, followed by the use of spectral unmixing algorithms for estimating endmembers abundance values in the pixel. The spectral matching techniques are analogous to supervised pattern recognition approaches, and try to estimate some similarity between spectral signatures of the pixel and reference target. In this paper, we propose a spectral matching approach by combining two schemes—variable interval spectral average (VISA) method and spectral curve matching (SCM) method. The VISA method helps to detect transient spectral features at different scales of spectral windows, while the SCM method finds a match between these features of the pixel and one of library spectra by least square fitting. Here we also compare the performance of the combined algorithm with other spectral matching techniques using a simulated and the AVIRIS hyperspectral data sets. Our results indicate that the proposed combination technique exhibits a stronger performance over the other methods in the classification of both the pure and mixed class pixels simultaneously. 相似文献