中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)消化系统发生的研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

王海林  廖承义  张志峰  马英杰 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1997,(3)

本文对中国对虾消化道和中肠腺的发生进行了研究。完整的中肠管形成于Ｎ３期，它是由幼虫腹面的内胚层板向背中线上卷合拢而形成。在Ｚ１期消化道完全贯通。至Ｍ１期，胃分化为贲门胃和幽门胃两部分，中肠前盲囊和中肠后盲囊也在此期出现，同时胃磨的雏形发生，但完整的胃磨形成于Ｐ期。另外，中肠腺始于Ｎ４－５期中肠前端突出的两对中肠腺盲囊。第一对中肠腺盲囊于Ｍ３期退化消失，而第二对中肠腺盲囊则发育为成体的中肠腺。中肠腺小管由４种不同类型的细胞（胚性细胞、吸收细胞、纤维细胞和泡状细胞）所组成  相似文献   

Effects of tributyltin at environmental levels on monooxygenase system of digestive gland in hard clam Meretrix meretrix     

HUANG Zhouying  CHEN Yixin  WANG Chonggang  ZHAO Yang  ZUO Zhenghong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(2):144-149

The effects on ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase （EROD）, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities of digestive gland in Meretrix meretrix exposed to tributyltin （TBT） at environmental levels （0.1,1.0,10.0 ng/dm as stannum concentration）,in experimental condition, were evaluated. The EROD, NADH cytochrorne b5 reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 8 and 20 d, the NADPH cytochrorne c reductase activities were significantly inhibited after exposure to 0.1,1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm TBT for 8 d and to 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm for 20 d, as compared with the matched control, while NADH cytochrorne b5 reductases and NADPH cytochrome c reductase activities were induced after exposure to 10.0 ng/dm^3 TBT for 2 d. The EROD activity in the 10 ng/dm^3 group,and the NADH cytochrome b5 reductases activities in 1.0 and 10.0 ng/dm groups, were significantly induced when transferred to clean recovery tanks for 7 d. The three enzymic activities in the clams exposed to TBT were recovered to the level corresponding to that of the control group after transfer to clean recovery tanks for 20 d. NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity in Meretrix meretrix seems to be more sensitive to exposure of TBT than that of the EROD and NADH cytochrome b5 reductases. The results suggest that induction and inhibition by TBT to the monooxygenase system enzymic activity in Meretrix meretrix would simultaneously exist. The enzymic activities were inhibited by exposure for a long time. The results suggest that inhibition of the monooxygenase system should be an indication of the exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of TBT for a long time.  相似文献   

养殖对虾暴发性流行病—中国对虾肝胰腺坏死病研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吴友吕  倪梦麟 《海洋学研究》1993,11(4):42-48

1993年我国沿海各省市养殖对虾发生了暴发性流行病,造成了极大的损失。本文报导我们在浙江省舟山市调查和研究的结果,发现肝胰腺坏死杆状病毒和弧菌并发感染是引起对虾死亡的主要原因。  相似文献   

鱼类消化道细菌及其作用研究Ⅱ.鲻鱼     

周宗澄  叶德赞  倪纯治  刘文华 《台湾海峡》1997,(1)

本文报道了从鲻鱼消化道分离的好气性异养细菌数量为（1．5×108±0．4×108～6.4×108±2.0×108）个／g，共分离220株细菌。其种群组成为弧菌、气单胞菌、不动细菌、假单胞菌、微球菌、黄杆菌、葡萄糖细菌、纤维单胞菌、节细菌和棒状杆菌。测定其生化特性，表明该类菌对有机质的分解能力比较强，这些特性有利于鱼类对营养物质的消化和吸收，并进一步促进其生长和发育。  相似文献   

对虾暴发性流行病及其预防研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴友吕  王方国 《海洋学研究》1995,13(2):1-8

１９９３～１９９４年我国沿海养殖对虾发生了特大的暴发性流行病，损失惨重。本文报道该病的特点、症状及危害，并在患病的中国对虾、日本对虾、长毛对虾的中肠、肝胰腺的上皮细胞核和细胞质及腹肌纤维间质中发现大量具有囊膜的杆状病毒。通过病毒引起宿主靶组织细胞的病理变化、无包涵体等特性分析，认为该病毒属于有囊膜杆状病毒科Ｃ亚群，不同于已知的对虾所有杆状病毒，为对虾的一类新致病病毒。文中还分析了主要致病原因，通过调查和试验提出８条有针对性的预防措施。  相似文献   

缢蛏消化道组织学与组织化学的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

许星鸿  郑家声 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,33(3):391-398

运用组织学和组织化学染色方法对缢蛏消化道的组织结构和功能进行了研究。结果表明 ,缢蛏的消化道由唇瓣、口、食道、胃、晶杆囊、肠、直肠和肛门组成。除唇瓣外的消化管壁由内向外可分为 4层 :粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和外膜。粘膜层包括粘膜上皮和粘膜肌层。口腔上皮为假复层纤毛柱状上皮 ,其它部位的粘膜上皮都为单层纤毛柱状上皮。胃壁的局部和肠壁缺乏肌层。除口的腹面、直肠、肛门等处的外膜为浆膜外 ,其余皆为纤维膜。肠上皮、直肠上皮和唇瓣上皮有较强的碱性磷酸酶活性 ,胃上皮和肠上皮有较强的酸性磷酸酶活性。直肠的粘膜及粘膜下层中含有丰富的钙和铁  相似文献   

褐菖鲉仔、稚鱼消化系统发育的组织学观察   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨佳喆  齐闯  徐善良 《热带海洋学报》2019,38(2):58-66

为探究卵胎生鱼类褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)的仔、稚鱼消化系统组织学特点, 采用常规组织切片技术, 并用HE染色和组织化学染色, 比较分析了产出后0~50d的褐菖鲉仔、稚鱼消化系统发育的组织学变化。结果显示: 褐菖鲉初产仔鱼已分化出口咽腔, 并具有初始的食道、胃、肠、肝脏和胰脏; 2日仔鱼肛门与外界相通, 食道扩大, 开始摄食, 进入混合性营养期; 3~4日仔鱼幽门盲囊出现, 食道内壁出现黏膜皱褶5~6个, 胃黏膜皱褶5个, 肝细胞团区域扩大; 5~6日仔鱼卵黄囊和油球耗尽, 进入外源性营养期, 食道黏膜上皮出现杯状细胞, 肠道弯曲, 可区分前中肠和后肠两部分; 10~14日仔鱼食道环肌层明显, 黏膜皱褶增加到7~12个, 胃壁四层结构基本形成, 肠道黏膜皱褶加深, 纹状缘清晰可见, 肝细胞分裂迅速, 数量显著增加, 体积增大, 出现肝血窦和胰岛; 28~30日稚鱼出现胃腺和胃小凹, 已具功能性胃, 标志着稚鱼期的开始, 此时胰岛细胞数量和酶原颗粒增多, 消化能力显著提高; 47~50日稚鱼已基本具有成鱼胃的特征, 肠道纹状缘发达, 肝细胞呈多边形, 细胞内含大量脂肪颗粒, 消化系统从结构和功能上已趋于完善。由此可见, 褐菖鲉仔鱼和稚鱼消化系统的发育具有卵胎生鱼类发育较早的特点, 与其消化功能的完善密切相关。  相似文献   

Lysosomal membrane stability and metallothioneins in digestive gland of Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.) as biomarkers in a field study     

Petrović S  Ozretić B  Krajnović-Ozretić M  Bobinac D 《Marine pollution bulletin》2001,42(12):1373-1378

The lysosomal membrane destabilization and the metallothionein content in the digestive gland cells of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.), collected along the east coast of the North Adriatic (Istrian and Kvarnerine coast, Croatia), were examined over a period of four years (1996–1999). The lysosomal membrane stability, as a biomarker of general stress, showed that the membrane labilization period in mussels from polluted, urban- and industrial-related areas was significantly decreased (p<0.05) when compared to mussels from control, clean sea water sites. In the harbour of Rijeka, the most contaminated site, the lysosomal membrane stability was reduced by more than 70% compared to the control. This method also proved to be a useful biomarker for detection of additional stress caused by short-term hypoxia that occurred once during this study inside the polluted and periodically quite eutrophic Pula Harbour. The concentration of metallothioneins in the mussel digestive gland, as a specific biomarker of exposure to heavy metals, did not reveal significant differences (p<0.05) between sites covered by this study.  相似文献   

Lysosomal Membrane Stability and Metallothioneins in Digestive Gland of Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.) as Biomarkers in a Field Study     

S. Petrovi&#x;  B. Ozreti&#x;  M. Krajnovi&#x;-Ozreti&#x;  D. Bobinac 《Marine pollution bulletin》2001,42(12)

The lysosomal membrane destabilization and the metallothionein content in the digestive gland cells of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.), collected along the east coast of the North Adriatic (Istrian and Kvarnerine coast, Croatia), were examined over a period of four years (1996–1999). The lysosomal membrane stability, as a biomarker of general stress, showed that the membrane labilization period in mussels from polluted, urban- and industrial-related areas was significantly decreased (p<0.05) when compared to mussels from control, clean sea water sites. In the harbour of Rijeka, the most contaminated site, the lysosomal membrane stability was reduced by more than 70% compared to the control. This method also proved to be a useful biomarker for detection of additional stress caused by short-term hypoxia that occurred once during this study inside the polluted and periodically quite eutrophic Pula Harbour. The concentration of metallothioneins in the mussel digestive gland, as a specific biomarker of exposure to heavy metals, did not reveal significant differences (p<0.05) between sites covered by this study.  相似文献   

复合酸化剂对鲤生长及消化酶活性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王纪亭  李海涛  宋憬愚  肖新武  孙孟明  万文菊 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(1)

在鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)基础饲料中,分别添加不同梯度的复合酸化剂(质量分数分别为0、0.2%、0.3%),研究复合酸化剂对其生长和消化酶活性的影响。结果表明:1)添加复合酸化剂显著(P<0.05)提高鲤鱼的相对增重率、特定生长率、饵料转化效率、饲料蛋白质效率以及饲料蛋白质沉积率等生长性能指标;2)添加质量分数0.3%的复合酸化剂时,鲤鱼肝胰脏、前肠和中肠的蛋白酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),酸化剂组的淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性有升高的趋势,但与对照组差异不显著;3)鱼体的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、水分、肥满度及内脏比等品质指标在各组间差异不显著。综上所述,鲤鱼饲料中添加以柠檬酸、乳酸、磷酸等为主的复合酸化剂,可显著提高鲤鱼肝胰脏、前肠和中肠的蛋白酶活性,促进鲤鱼生长。  相似文献