山岭隧道断层错动及地震响应模型试验研究     

甘星球  曾旻  尤浩  尉德新  李沛  陈捷翎 《华南地震》2021,41(3):8-17

东非大裂谷处于持续扩张运动中,断层错动和地震作用活跃.对此依托内马铁路2号隧道工程,设计断层错动和地震作用下山岭隧道振动台试验.综合确定长度相似比0.05、密度相似比0.8、弹性模量相似比0.03,设计了一种新型的断层错动装置和隧道震动裂缝声发射监测方法.试验结果表明:断层错动装置较好的模拟了岩层错动,声发射监测技术较好的监测了断层和地震作用下隧道衬砌微裂隙产生.断层错动和地震共同作用下,Y方向的地震波引起隧道衬砌侧壁产生较大响应,Z方向地震波引起隧道衬砌拱顶产生较大响应,隧道衬砌加速度响应值受断层错动量影响较小.断层错动和地震共同作用下,Y方向输入的地震波引起的隧道断层段衬砌侧壁受拉应变较大,且随断层滑移量增加而增加,其他位置拉应变较小.断层错动和地震共同作用下,Z方向的地震波引起的隧道断层段衬砌拱顶和拱底外壁受拉应变较大,且随断层滑移量增加而增加,其他位置拉应变较小.该试验结果对类似隧道工程研究具有参考价值.  相似文献   

A 2D well-balanced,coupled model of water flow,sediment transport,and bed evolution based on unstructured grids with efficient variable storage strategy     

Zhiyuan Yue  Qingquan Liu  Wei Huang  Peng Hu  Zhixian Cao 《国际泥沙研究》2021,36(1):151-160

In recent decades,a few Godunov-type,finite volume two-dimensional(2D)unstructured grid,coupled flow,and sediment models(GF2DUCM)have been developed for flows over erodible beds.These kinds of models are generally analyzed as a Vertex Model(VM)that define topography at the cell vertex,which can lead to the non-conservation of mass regarding flow,sediment,and bed evolution.Here,a full cellcantered variable storage method(Central Model or CM)is applied as the solution of the GF2DUCM.In this method,terrain elevation is defined at the cell centroids;this accurately describes the physical relations between the water depth and topography deformation.This approach can fully eliminate calculation errors in topography deformation at local cells caused by the interpolation of topography deformation at the cell vertex,and reduced uncertainty in the computation of the GF2DUCM.The model performance is systematically tested using a series of laboratory experiments,which demonstrate the mass conservation feature and high accuracy in reproducing hydrodynamic and morphological processes.  相似文献   

Risk analysis for clustered check dams due to heavy rainfall   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

Zuyu Chen  Xieping Huang  Shu Yu  Wei Cao  Weiqin Dang  Yangqiang Wang 《国际泥沙研究》2021,36(2):291-305

Check dams are commonly constructed around the world for alleviating soil erosion and preventing sedimentation of downstream rivers and reservoirs.Check dams are more vulnerable to failure due to their less stringent flood control standards compared to other dams.Determining the critical precipitation that will result in overtopping of a dam is a useful approach to assessing the risk of failure on a probabilistic basis and for providing early warning in case of an emergency.However,many check dams are built in groups,spreading in several tributaries in cascade forms,comprising a complex network.Determining the critical precipitation for dam overtopping requires a knowledge of its upstream dams on whether they survived or were overtopped during the same storm,while these upstream dams in turn need the information for their upstream dams.The current paper presents an approach of decomposing the dam cluster into(1)the heading dam,(2)border dams,and(3)intermediate dams.The algorithm begins with the border dams that have no upstream dams and proceeds with upgraded maps without the previous border dams until all the dams have been checked.It is believed that this approach is applicable for small-scale check dam systems where the time lag of flood routing can be neglected.As a pilot study,the current paper presents the analytical results for the Wangmaogou Check Dam System that has 22 dams connected in series and parallel.The algorithm clearly identified 7 surviving dams,with the remaining ones being overtopped for a storm of 179.6 mm in 12 h,which is associated with a return period of one in 200 years.  相似文献   

Numerical and test study on vertical vibration characteristics of pile group in slope soil topography     

Qu Liming  Ding Xuanming  Zheng Changjie  Wu Chongrong  Cao Guangwei 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2021,20(2):377-390

Topography effects on the vertical vibration responses of pile group are revealed though numerical analysis and model tests.First,a series of model tests with different topography of ground and bedrock are conducted.The results indicate that displacement amplitude of the pile head in sloping ground topography is larger than in horizontal ground.Differential displacement at various positions of the pile cap is observed in non-horizontal topography.Afterwards,a numerical algorithm is employed to further explore the essential response characteristics in group piles of different topography configurations,which has been verified by the test results.The lengths of the exposed and frictional segment,together with the thickness of the subsoil layer,are the dominant factors which cause non-axisymmetric vibration at the pile cap.  相似文献   

武汉市军运会期间空气质量特征及气象条件分析     

岳岩裕  沈龙娇  周悦  柳草  张灵  范进进 《气象》2022,48(1):96-106

利用2019年10月1—30日湖北省及邻近地区的空气质量、气象要素监测数据和再分析资料,分析了第七届世界军人运动会(以下简称军运会)期间和前后时段空气质量变化特征及气象条件的影响.军运会管控期Ⅱ(17—28日)与过去五年(2014—2018年)同期相比颗粒物浓度下降最明显,与长沙等其他城市相比也是最低,相近时间段或相似...  相似文献   

青藏高原北部半岛湖地区英安岩岩石特征及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王敏  黄勇  戴传固  陈仁  易成兴  贺永忠 《贵州地质》2004,21(3):141-147

青藏高原北部半岛湖地区英安岩岩石学、岩石化学、岩石地球化学特征指示半岛湖地区所属巴颜喀拉地体的大地构造位置在后中二叠世一段时期内曾经为可能受多岛弧背景影响的活动大陆边缘。  相似文献   

Excitation of Annual Polar Wobble by Global Oceans     

Min Zhong  Hao-ming Yan 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2008

A reasonable and quantitative result on the variation of polar wobble excited by the oceans is not available at present. Numerous researches have shown that atmospheric motion is the greatest excitation source for the seasonal variations in the polar wobble and that oceanic motion is one of the main remaining excitation sources. The excitation of variation in the annual polar wobble caused by oceans from 1992 to 2004 both globally and in latitude dependence, have been studied in depth by means of the new generation of SODA oceanic data assimilation (SODA-1.4.2 and SODA-1.4.3) and the ECCO oceanic data assimilation. The result shows that the variation in the seasonal polar wobble excited by the SODA oceans is very close to that of the residual after the action of the atmosphere and land water is deducted from the geodesic excitation function for a large part of the investigated time interval, and that there is overall agreement between the two as regards the annual amplitude and phase. In addition, in comparison with the result of early SODA-Bata 7, the new generation of SODA oceanic excitation has achieved obvious improvements. The latitude distributions of the excitations of the annual polar wobble by the SODA and ECCO oceans are consistent in the Greenwich direction, while having obvious differences in the direction of 90° E.  相似文献   

The Influence of Guiding Field on Low-frequency Electromagnetic Instabilities in Collisionless Current Sheets     

Xin-hua Wei  Jin-bin Cao 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2008

This work investigates the effect of guiding field on low-frequency electromagnetic instabilities in collisionless current sheets using the dispersion relation obtained in the collisionless and compressible magnetohydrodynamic model. The results in the following three cases show that the guiding field can strongly affect the 3-dimensional propagating disturbed waves. (1) On the middle plane of the current sheet (z = 0), if there is no guiding field, then no instability is observed. But if there a guiding field, then instability can take place. (2) Near the middle plane of the current sheet (z = 0.2), the current sheet becomes unstable. With increasing the intensity of the guiding field, the instability grows obviously. The wave mode may be whistler or low-hybrid wave. (3) Near the edge of the current sheet (z = 0.8), the guiding field exhibits no evident effect and the unstable wave mode is a quasi-parallel whistler wave.  相似文献   

一种基于FPGA的多种波形发生器的设计     

张正  董绍武  张敏 《时间频率学报》2008,31(2)

简要介绍了直接数字频率合成技术的基本原理,重点给出了直接数字频率合成技术的FPGA硬件实现.实验表明,基于FPGA的直接数字频率合成技术不仅可以产生任意波形,而且波形的频率、相位、幅度任意可调.  相似文献   

柴达木盆地英雄岭地区新生代构造演化动力学特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王桂宏  李永铁  张敏  尹成明  王铁成  郭祖军  刘忠 《地学前缘》2004,11(4):417-423

通过分析柴达木盆地英雄岭 (YL)地区地质、2D/ 3D地震、遥感、重磁电和钻探等资料 ,提出了喜马拉雅运动几个阶段在该区的构造动力学响应特征。研究认为喜马拉雅运动晚期 ,英雄岭地区西南侧的阿卡腾能山因近SN向的区域挤压作用 ,产生了顺时针方向的旋转及隆升作用 ,从而在干柴沟一带形成了强烈的SE向局部挤压应力场 ,基底大幅隆升 ,而在英雄岭隆起的南侧则产生了局部的拉张构造环境。喜马拉雅山中期运动在该区的主要表现形式就是使古近纪的张扭构造环境转变为新近纪的坳陷构造环境 ,英雄岭西南的阿尔金地区发生隆升作用 ,沉积中心发生向东和向北的迁移。通过分析主干断裂、构造块体和沉积凹陷的分布特征等 ,得出喜马拉雅早期英雄岭及邻区发育局部拉张环境 ,为较为稳定的断陷湖盆发育期 ,沉积了一套优质烃源岩。英雄岭地区潜在勘探领域主要有构造裂缝型圈闭、地层岩性圈闭及渐新世断凸构造圈闭等。  相似文献