大口径瓦斯抽放井施工工艺   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王永全  崔秀忠  巩建雨 《中国煤炭地质》2009,(1):65-66

瓦斯抽放孔要求井斜小,孔径大,下入的井管重量大。以实例介绍了使用GZ-2000型钻机在某煤矿瓦斯抽放站成功施工深400m,直径φ690mm瓦斯抽放井的施工工艺。在施工过程中采用φ216mm牙轮钻头＋满眼钻具和钟摆钻具施工先导井眼,再采用φ410mm、φ690mm组合牙轮钻头＋塔式钻具分级扩眼,使用电子多点测斜仪及时监测井斜变化,用钟摆钻具组合进行纠斜,在φ426mm管体上设置三组镶焊合金的肋骨条做成圆井器来进行圆井,在管体底部设置浮力阀,合理掏空以减少井管重量,确保了工程质量。  相似文献   

An attempt to separate anthropic and natural fire signals in an archaeological context-The case of the Mousterian site Grotta Reali (Rocchetta a Volturno Molise, Central Italy)     

Qiaoyu Cui  Laurent Marquer  Marta Arzarello  Vincent Lebreton 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2009,3(2):171-174

This paper presents an image analysis method for automated quantification of charcoal total area, focusing on the charcoal fractions less than 160 μm observed on 14 pollen slides from Grotta Reali samples. Four fire signals were recorded with 4 high values in the microcharcoal concentration curve. On the basis of modern microcharcoal study, mean length/width ratio of the microcharcoal particles was applied in an archeological context as an indicator of vegetal type (wood, grass or leaves). Therefore, the 4 fire signals were separated into two types: high concentration with high length/width ratio, and high concentration with low length/width ratio. Two fire signals might be interpreted as anthropic fire based on hearth or combustion areas, as inferred from archeological remains.  相似文献   

西藏仁布地区上三叠统重矿物组合与物源分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

曾庆高  李祥辉  夏斌  徐文礼  尼玛次仁  普琼  李君 《地质通报》2009,28(1):38-44

采用重矿物组合和指数方法对西藏南部仁布地区上三叠统朗杰学群和涅如组的物源进行了分析。结果显示：该区上三叠统常见的重矿物主要为锆石、磷灰石、金红石、锐钛矿和电气石;重矿物组合ZTR和ATi指数均高,MZi指数较低但多见,GZi指数低且多为零;郎杰学群的ZTR和ATi指数成反比关系,涅如组的ZTR增加时ATi基本不受影响。仁布地区上三叠统的物源主要来自火山岩,次为中酸性岩浆岩,少量来自变质岩和超基性侵入岩;涅如组的物源可能来自南边;朗杰学群的物源则可能来自北边,向郎杰学群提供物源的可能是拉萨地块。涅如组和郎杰学群在重矿物组合及其指数上的异同的成因有待进一步工作  相似文献   

The 12 May Wenchuan earthquake-induced landslide lakes: distribution and preliminary risk evaluation   总被引：26，自引：9，他引：17  

Peng Cui  Ying-yan Zhu  Yong-shun Han  Xiao-qing Chen  Jian-qi Zhuang 《Landslides》2009,6(3):209-223

The Wenchuan earthquake, measured at M _s 8.0 according to the China Earthquake Administration, occurred at 14:28 on 12 May 2008 in the Sichuan Province of China. It brought overwhelming destruction to eight provinces and cities. Landslides and rock avalanches triggered by the earthquake produced 257 landslide lakes which were distributed along the fault rupture zone and river channels. The authors traveled to the disaster zone immediately after the earthquake to examine some of the features of the debris dams and performed a quick evaluation of the potential for outburst of earthquake-induced landslide lakes for the purpose of disaster relief. The preliminary analysis indicated that the landslide lakes could be classified as those exhibiting extremely high risk, medium risk, and low risk according to field observations and remote sensing, to determine material composition, dam structure, dam height, maximum water storage capacity, and size of the population potentially affected area. The failure risk of 21 debris dams were evaluated as follows: one dam with an extremely high danger risk, seven dams with a high danger, five dams with a medium danger, and eight dams of low danger. More concern was given to the Tangjiashan Lake and different scenarios for the potential sudden failure of its dam were assessed. The risk evaluation result was accepted in full, by the earthquake disaster relief office. A successful emergency dam treatment for risk reduction was planned, based on our assessments, and these measures were quickly carried out. According to this research, the earthquake destabilized the surrounding mountains, resulting in a prolonged geohazard for the area. Landslides and debris flows will continue to develop for at least 5 to 10 years after the Wenchuan earthquake and will produce additional dammed lakes. Recommendations and plans for earthquake–landslide lake mitigation were proposed, based on past successful practices.  相似文献   

近50年中国西北东部半湿润、半干旱过渡带气候变化及生态影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

戴君虎  王梦麦  王焕炯  白洁  崔海亭 《第四纪研究》2009,29(5):920-930

以宝鸡、凤翔、千阳、陇县、西峰、环县、平凉、泾源、六盘山、固原市、西吉和海原等台站的气象数据为依据,对近50年来地处西北地区东部的半湿润、半干旱过渡带的气候要素进行了系统分析,发现区内各地气温有普遍升高的趋势。其中,冬季升温趋势更加明显。各地在20世纪90年代前后发生气温突变,以此为界,前后增加速度明显不同,此后的增温趋势明显加快。近50年以来,各地降水略有下降,主要是由夏季降水减少所引起,但是统计趋势不明显。受气温和降水变化综合影响,区域气候向变干和变暖的方向发展。根据Holdridge生命地带理论,初步分析了区域植被与气候之间的关系。计算表明,最近30年以来,西北东部半湿润、半干旱区过渡带的气候变化使区域植被也向干暖化类型变化。位于研究区中部的六盘山、泾源和西吉等地生命地带类型的变化都比较大。崆峒山(35°33′N,106°31′E)的圆柏(Sabina chinensis)树轮气候学分析表明,区域树木生长与前一年秋季降水呈显著正相关关系,与当年春季和夏季气温呈显著负相关趋势,说明生长季的缺水或高干燥度是树木生长的限制性因素。研究时段区域干旱频繁发生,使树木出现大量伪轮,为研究带来一定难度,但是也进一步验证了区域气候变化的干旱特征。干燥指数重建结果表明,研究区在20世纪20年代比较干旱,30年代是相对较为湿润的时期; 1940年和1960年左右较为干旱,但其间的干燥指数较低。60年代之后,区域干燥指数逐渐增加,表明干旱趋势日趋加重,与气象数据分析结果相一致。事实证明,研究区气候的干暖化变化对区域树木生长和生态系统具有非常不利的影响。  相似文献   

康西瓦南岔路口地区早石炭世地层化石的发现     

崔建堂  王炬川  边小卫  朱海平  王满仓  孔文年  毛归来  闫磊 《陕西地质》2009,27(1):37-42

本次区调在1:25万岔路口幅向阳峰一带地质填图和实测地层剖面中,在原划中泥盆统落石沟组中采到了大量腕足、珊瑚类化石,经鉴定其形成时代为早石炭世中期.该套地层与西邻<神仙湾>幅区域地层对比,厘定为早石炭世帕斯群.该生物化石的取得,为该套地层时代划分提供了依据,填补了岔路口地区缺失早石炭世地层的空白,为进一步详细研究甜水海微陆块地层层序格架及地层演化,提供了新的基础资料.  相似文献   

The Sequence of Magmatic-Tectonic Events and Orogenic Processes of the Yanshan Belt, North China   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

DENG Jinfu  SU Shangguo  MO Xuanxue  ZHAO Guochun  XIAO Qinghiu  JI Guangyi  QIU Ruizhao  ZHAO Hailing  LUO Zhaohu  WANG Yang  LIU Cui China University of Geosciences  Beijing  and Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics  Lithoprobe Techniques  Ministry of Education of China 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(1):260-266

This paper emphasizes that the interactive constraints of geology and isotopic dating is the best approach to construct the geological event sequence, and has compiled 106 data of reasonable isotopic ages for the igneous rocks of the Yanshan belt. We propose a sequence of mgmatic-tectonic events in the Jurassic-Cretaceous Yanshan orogen of North China. Five orogenic episodes are divided, (1) pre-and initial orogenic episode (Early Jurassic); (2) early orogenic episode (Middle Jurassic); (3) peak orogenic episode (Late Jurassic); (4) late orogenic episode (early Early Cretaceous), and (5) post-orogenic episode. Each episode is a short cycle, all of the orogenic processes construct a longer cycle, and they, in general, followed a counter-clockwise (ccw) PTt path. Finally, it is suggested that the Yanshanian movement was so intensive that the magmatism and tectonic deformation had involved all the lithosphere thickness and the late-Achaean-formed cratonic lithosphere had been significantly reworked.  相似文献   

华北北部地区现今应力场时空变化特征研究.   总被引：19，自引：5，他引：14       下载免费PDF全文

李瑞莎  崔效锋  刁桂苓  张红艳 《地震学报》2008,30(6):570-580

依据2002——2006年的中小地震资料,利用格点尝试法分析计算了华北北部4个应力小区的平均主应力轴,讨论了华北北部地区的现今应力场特征.在此基础上,对1977——1998年研究区内的单个地震震源机制解进行了进一步的分析计算,并结合以往的研究结果,研究了华北北部地区现今应力场随时间的变化特征,结果印证了唐山地震前后,唐山震源区及其邻近地区应力场主应力方向出现的转动和变化的现象:1976年唐山发生7.8级地震后,唐山震源区及其邻近的北京地区和邢台地区震源机制解的平均P轴可能顺时针转动了约15deg;——30deg;。北京地区和邢台地区近期（2002——2006年）的平均主应力轴与唐山地震前的综合断层面解较为一致,这两个地区应力场似乎转回到唐山地震前的状态. 而唐山区震源机制解的平均P轴在地震后则一直稳定在EW向上。位于张家口——渤海断裂带西段的京西北地区,其现今应力场则相对比较稳定,唐山地震前后主应力方向没有太大变动。鉴于数据资料等方面的原因,本文的研究结果仅仅是初步给出了华北北部地区应力场近几十年来一种可能的调整变化图象。   相似文献   

天津地区地震波速比分区变化特征     

庞群英  崔晓峰  王建国  栗连弟 《地震地磁观测与研究》2008,29(5):22-25

利用天津地震台网2002-2007年记录到的天津及周边地区,ML≥1．5地震。在天津及周边地区,按照活动空间分布特征圈定4个区域,采用单事件多台观测资料,对所选区域里的地震事件进行平均波速比值的计算,得到天津地区波速比变化与地震的对应关系。  相似文献   

CD-L1型流气式固体氡源替换RN-150型氡源的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

崔勇  许秋龙  张学敏  张洪斌  李艳萍 《地震地磁观测与研究》2008,29(2):80-85

通过对CD-L1型流气式固体氡源氡产生率稳定性、同一闪烁室用不同氡源标定K值的对比实验研究,表明用CD-L1型流气式固体氡源与用RN-150型氡源标定的K值之间相差远小于5％,完全能够替代目前地震台使用的RN-150型氡源,同时具有操作简便、体积小、易携带等优点。  相似文献