不同变质变形煤储层吸附/解吸特征及机理研究进展     

张文静  琚宜文  卫明明  王国昌 《地学前缘》2015,22(2):232-242

不同变质变形煤储层包括低煤级、中煤级和高煤级变质变形环境中的脆性变形煤、韧性变形煤和过渡型变形煤,不同变质、变形程度和机制对煤层气的吸附/解吸影响较大。干燥煤和平衡水煤的甲烷吸附量随变质程度的增强呈现出不同的变化趋势,干燥煤呈横"S"形且易于解吸,而平衡水煤呈倒"U"字形且吸附/解吸强度皆低于干燥煤样,且解吸过程较干燥煤滞后。构造变形导致煤的大分子结构和纳米级孔隙发生不同程度的改变,进而影响气体的吸附/解吸能力,脆性变形主要增加煤的大、中孔,其基本结构单元堆砌度略有增大,甲烷吸附/解吸程度有所增强;韧性变形主要增加煤的微孔-超微孔,其基本结构单元堆砌度增加较快,煤层气吸附能力增强,降压时韧性变形煤比脆性变形煤具有较高的瞬时解吸速率。由此可见,不同变质变形环境中的煤储层吸附/解吸能力差异较大,这主要是由煤储层内部结构及其影响因素对其制约所决定的。  相似文献   

2013年三江平原北部洪水对沼泽湿地景观的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李慧颖  李晓燕  贾明明  王宗明  毛德华 《湿地科学》2015,(3):344-349

基于Landsat 8 OLI和HJ-1 CCD影像,利用面向对象方法,对2013年8月发生在三江平原北部的洪水进行遥感监测,获取洪水浸淹范围,评估洪水造成的损失,分析洪水对沼泽湿地景观的影响。结果显示,在洪水淹没范围内,土地覆盖遥感分类的总体精度为93%,Kappa系数为0.92;洪水发生后,研究区内4个国家级自然保护区内的沼泽面积增加了30 654 hm2,沼泽斑块面积增加,斑块间水力联系加强,景观破碎度降低。2013年夏季洪水对研究区沼泽的恢复和重塑有促进作用。  相似文献   

河流-潮汐耦合控制下河口湾坝体沉积动力学数值模拟          下载免费PDF全文

刘雪萍  卢双舫  唐明明  孙东权  唐佳凡  张克鑫  何涛华  齐宁  卢明月 《地球科学》2021,46(8):2944-2957

潮控河口湾坝体复杂的沉积特征及内部结构尚不清楚.通过建立理想化的潮控河口湾模型,采用沉积动力学数值模拟方法,开展不同流量与潮汐能量条件下潮控河口湾坝体及内部夹层的沉积定量化模拟.结果表明,在理想情况下,大潮汐能量、中等流量条件下潮控河口湾坝体大规模发育.在潮汐能量因素分析中,潮控河口湾坝体长宽比为2~15,夹层长度集中在8 km,夹层厚度为0.1~0.2 m;在流量因素分析中,潮控河口湾坝体长宽比为1.5~9.0,夹层长度为1~2 km,夹层厚度为0.1~0.2 m.表明河流和潮汐共同作用控制着潮控河口湾坝体与夹层的形成与分布,但是潮汐作用更显著.基于沉积动力学对潮控河口湾沉积过程开展了数值模拟研究,得到了井震数据的验证,为潮控河口湾体系的沉积演化提供了新思路,从而指导潮控河口湾含油储层的勘探和开发.   相似文献   

张八岭隆起早白垩世变质核杂岩的厘定——对郯庐断裂带的制约及其与成矿作用关系          下载免费PDF全文

朱强  吴礼彬  杜建国  胡召齐  施珂  孙明明  赵先超  高曙光 《中国地质》2021,48(5):1639-1652

张八岭隆起广泛分布的平缓韧性剪切带与郯庐断裂带平移作用形成的陡立韧性剪切带明显不同。通过对平缓韧性剪切带的几何学、运动学分析,结合早白垩世盆地特征、中国东部变质核杂岩伸展拆离断层和同构造岩浆岩同位素定年结果,厘定出张八岭隆起早白垩世变质核杂岩。该变质核杂岩上盘由南华纪-奥陶纪沉积地层和早白垩世盆地组成,下盘为新元古代浅变质碎屑沉积岩、变海相火山岩（基底）以及早白垩世侵入岩,上下盘之间被一条主伸展拆离断层所分隔。变质核杂岩长轴为NE-SW向,指示构造反映上盘向SE剪切滑动,与中国东部变质核杂岩的伸展方向完全一致。通过本次变质核杂岩的厘定,结合野外地质事实,笔者认为管店-马厂断裂是郯庐断裂带的次级断裂,是对郯庐断裂带早白垩世末第三次左行平移的响应。在综合研究的基础上,建立了区域构造-岩浆-成矿关系模型,揭示了张八岭隆起早白垩世经历了早期伸展（变质核杂岩阶段）-挤压走滑（管店-马厂断裂形成阶段）-晚期伸展（闪长质脉岩侵位阶段）3个构造阶段,多期构造、岩浆的叠加作用下,形成了本区的金多金属矿产。  相似文献   

基于空间数据挖掘的三维成矿预测定量指标体系建立方法研究——以宁芜盆地钟姑矿田为例          下载免费PDF全文

张明明 沈 乐廖宝胜  李晓晖袁 峰 周宇章 《地质科学》2018,(4):1300-1313

大数据思维是直接从数据入手的一种新的思维方式,其本质是减少甚至完全屏蔽人为因素干扰,让数据说话。以往三维成矿预测中指标体系的建立多采用经验分析法,以地质模型和先验知识指导控矿特征变量取值,其准确性易受到人为影响。本文基于大数据思维,使用数据驱动方法对三维成矿预测中的找矿指标体系进行探索性研究,在钟姑矿田选择4 个大中型典型矿床,直接采用三维空间分析方法对地层和岩体的控矿地质体进行特征分析,通过计算z 轴方向三维距离场、分析岩体顶面隆起凹陷程度形态因素,确定各控矿要素与矿体之间的相关关系,获取定量指标。本研究改变了以往主观经验指导找矿的思路,尝试采用空间数据挖掘方法进行客观数据分析提出找矿指标,提高了找矿指标体系建立的科学性,此方法得到的定量指标体系可直接参与三维找矿预测模型的计算。  相似文献   

Vertical distribution of snow cover and its relation to temperature over the Manasi River Basin of Tianshan Mountains,Northwest China     

Wenlong Zheng  Jinkang Du  Xiaobing Zhou  Mingming Song  Guodong Bian  Shunping Xie  Xuezhi Feng 《地理学报(英文版)》2017,27(4):403-419

How snow cover changes in response to climate change at different elevations within a mountainous basin is a less investigated question. In this study we focused on the vertical distribution of snow cover and its relation to elevation and temperature within different elevation zones of distinct climatology, taking the mountainous Manasi River Basin of Xinjiang, Northwest China as a case study. Data sources include MODIS 8-day snow product, MODIS land surface temperature (LST) data from 2001 to 2014, and in situ temperature data observed at three hydrological stations from 2001 to 2012. The results show that: (1) the vertical distribution of snow areal extent (SAE) is sensitive to elevation in low (<2100 m) and high altitude (>3200 m) regions and shows four different seasonal patterns, each pattern is well correspondent to the variation of temperature. (2) The correlation between vertical changes of the SAE and temperature is significant in all seasons except for winter. (3) The correlation between annual changes of the SAE and temperature decreases with increasing elevation, the negative correlation is significant in area below 4000 m. (4) The snow cover days (SCDs) and its long-term change show visible differences in different altitude range. (5) The long-term increasing trend of SCDs and decreasing trend of winter temperature have a strong vertical relation with elevation below 3600 m. The decreasing trend of SCDs is attributed to the increasing trend of summer temperature in the area above 3600 m.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the applicability of climate forecast system reanalysis weather data for hydrologic simulation: A case study in the Bahe River Basin of the Qinling Mountains,China   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Sheng Hu  Haijun Qiu  Dongdong Yang  Mingming Cao  Jinxi Song  Jiang Wu  Chenlu Huang  Yu Gao 《地理学报(英文版)》2017,27(5):546-564

In recent years, global reanalysis weather data has been widely used in hydrological modeling around the world, but the results of simulations vary greatly. To consider the applicability of Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) data in the hydrologic simulation of watersheds, the Bahe River Basin was used as a case study. Two types of weather data (conventional weather data and CFSR weather data) were considered to establish a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, which was used to simulate runoff from 2001 to 2012 in the basin at annual and monthly scales. The effect of both datasets on the simulation was assessed using regression analysis, Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), and Percent Bias (PBIAS). A CFSR weather data correction method was proposed. The main results were as follows. (1) The CFSR climate data was applicable for hydrologic simulation in the Bahe River Basin (R ² of the simulated results above 0.50, NSE above 0.33, and |PBIAS| below 14.8. Although the quality of the CFSR weather data is not perfect, it achieved a satisfactory hydrological simulation after rainfall data correction. (2) The simulated streamflow using the CFSR data was higher than the observed streamflow, which was likely because the estimation of daily rainfall data by CFSR weather data resulted in more rainy days and stronger rainfall intensity than was actually observed. Therefore, the data simulated a higher base flow and flood peak discharge in terms of the water balance, except for some individual years. (3) The relation between the CFSR rainfall data (x) and the observed rainfall data (y) could be represented by a power exponent equation: y=1.4789x ^0.8875 (R ²=0.98, P<0.001). There was a slight variation between the fitted equations for each station. The equation provides a theoretical basis for the correction of CFSR rainfall data.  相似文献   

三峡地区碳酸盐岩化学组分与溶蚀速率的响应关系   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈如冰  罗明明  罗朝晖  陈植华  周宏 《中国岩溶》2019,38(2):258-264

文章通过室内静水溶蚀实验测定了三峡地区香溪河流域震旦-三叠系碳酸盐岩的化学溶蚀速率,探讨了碳酸盐岩的化学溶蚀速率对岩石化学组分的响应关系,为区域岩溶量化研究与地层含水性评价等提供了科学依据。研究结果表明:较纯碳酸盐岩的溶蚀速率受到CaO、SrO的促进作用和MgO的抑制作用共同控制,而这三者对纯灰岩的溶蚀速率影响较小;碳酸盐岩中的酸不溶物对化学溶蚀过程呈现出抑制的趋势。碳酸盐岩的化学溶蚀速率受到多化学组分的共同影响,综合决定了碳酸盐岩的可溶性。   相似文献   

The Situation of Scientific Data Management and Its Enlightenment to Earth Sciences of China     

Juanle Wang  Mingming Wang  Lei Shi  Mengxu Gao  Mingqi Chen  Xiaohuan Zheng  Chao Wang  Yujie Wang 《地球科学进展》2019,34(3):306-315

Scientific data is an important scientific and technological basis and national strategic resource. With the coming of the era of big data, countries all over the world have added scientific data management into their national development strategies. In order to improve the scientific data management in our country and make full use of the development opportunity from big data, the General Office of the State Council officially issued “The Measures for the Administration of Scientific Data” in March, 2018. In the new international and domestic policy on data management, this study analyzed and summarized 11 aspects of international situation of scientific data management, and dissected the development models of developed countries’ scientific data centers deeply. And also, the study put forward new ideas for the policy-making of scientific data, the construction of scientific data centers, the life cycle management of scientific data, the capacity building of data organizations, the authentication of scientific data, the publication of data, the return mechanism of the data and the comprehensive integration, and the safety management of the data in the scientific data management of Earth sciences in China.  相似文献   

南方小型岩溶流域与非岩溶流域的释水过程及径流组分差异   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

王泽君  周宏  罗明明  郭绪磊  蔡志强 《水文地质工程地质》2019,(3):27-27

我国南方岩溶流域和非岩溶流域下垫面条件和含水介质结构的差异造成了不同的产汇流过程及机制,进而导致不同释水时段径流组分的开发利用价值不同。为深入理解岩溶流域的产汇流机制并探索岩溶流域的水资源评价方法,文章对鄂西庙沟岩溶流域和高家坪非岩溶流域共31次洪水过程进行了流量衰减分析,对比分析了两个流域的标准衰减方程、典型次降雨的释水过程以及不同洪峰流量下的径流组分差异。结果表明:岩溶流域的释水过程快于非岩溶流域,其衰减系数比非岩溶流域大40％;两个流域的河流基流均来自裂隙介质释水,裂隙介质为流域的主要储水空间,但非岩溶流域的裂隙介质比例比岩溶流域高8.8％;随洪峰流量增加,两个流域的地表径流占比均呈对数形式增大,地下径流占比均呈对数形式减小;岩溶流域径流组分随洪峰流量变化比非岩溶流域更为敏感,其地表径流占比变幅为4％~40％,而非岩溶流域则始终小于10％。文章定量评价了管道和裂隙介质在流域中的导水及储水功能,在进一步刻画岩溶流域产汇流过程及机制方面进行了有益的探索,研究结果可为岩溶山区水资源评价和流域水文模型的改进提供科学依据。  相似文献