Pesticide residues analysis in lake water and sediment samples from the Golcuk National Park     

H. S. Canbay  S. Öğüt  M. Yılmazer 《Water Resources》2014,41(1):97-104

Pesticide residues in surface water and sediments are extremely important because of their potential impacts on aquatic ecosystems and their implications on drinking water sources. Pesticide contamination of fresh water is causing concern with respect to long-term and low-dose effects of pesticides on public health, as well as their impact on no target species. Thus, intensive research on the fate and transport of pesticides in the environment is needed. Gas chromatography (GC) with electron-capture detection (ECD) and nitrogen-phosphorous detection (NPD) were employed for the identification of different pesticides in water and sediment samples. For this purpose, extraction procedure with dichloromethane and ethyl acetate were used. The aim of our work was the quantitative determination of pesticides from several compound classes in water and sediment from Gölcük National Park (Turkey). In GC-NPD/ECD, the detection limits were between 2.75–135 ng/L for the studied pesticides, recoveries ranged from 90 to 102% in samples and the relative standard deviations were in the range 1 to 10%. The correlation coefficients obtained from calibration curves of the pesticides standards were found to be 0.999. No pesticides residue was detected in the samples analyzed. This result is highly significant because of its impacts on public health and animals living in the Gölcük National Park.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Empirical ground-motion models for point- and extended-source crustal earthquake scenarios in Europe and the Middle East   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

S. Akkar  M. A. Sandıkkaya  J. J. Bommer 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2014,12(1):389-390

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Responses of Ruderal Verbascum olympicum Boiss. (Scrophulariaceae) Growing under Cadmium Stress          下载免费PDF全文

Hülya Arslan  Gürcan Güleryüz  Ayşegül Akpınar  Serap Kırmızı  Ümran Seven Erdemir  Şeref Güçer 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(6):824-835

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The Manyas fault zone (southern Marmara region,NW Turkey): active tectonics and paleoseismology     

Akın Kürçer  Volkan Özaksoy  Selim Özalp  Çağıl Uygun Güldoğan  Ersin Özdemir  Tamer Y. Duman 《Geodinamica Acta》2017,29(1):42-61

The Manyas fault zone (MFZ) is a splay fault of the Yenice Gönen Fault, which is located on the southern branch of the North Anatolian Fault System. The MFZ is a 38 km long, WNW–ESE-trending and normal fault zone comprised of three en-echelon segments. On 6 October 1964, an earthquake (Ms = 6.9) occurred on the Salur segment. In this study, paleoseismic trench studies were performed along the Salur segment. Based on these paleoseismic trench studies, at least three earthquakes resulting in a surface rupture within the last 4000 years, including the 1964 earthquake have been identified and dated. The penultimate event can be correlated with the AD 1323 earthquake. There is no archaeological and/or historical record that can be associated with the oldest earthquake dated between BP 3800 ± 600 and BP 2300 ± 200 years. Additionally, the trench study performed to the north of the Salur segment demonstrates paleoliquefaction structures crossing each other. The surface deformation that occurred during the 1964 earthquake is determined primarily to be the consequence of liquefaction. According to the fault plane slip data, the MFZ is a purely normal fault demonstrating a listric geometry with a dip of 64°–74° to the NNE.  相似文献   

Effects of biosolid application on soil properties and kiwi fruit nutrient composition on high-pH soil     

G. Dede  S. Özdemir  Ö. H. Dede  H. Altundağ  M. Ş. Dündar  F. T. Kızıloğlu 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2017,14(7):1451-1458

Macro- and micronutrient availability in high-pH soil is a major constraint in crop production especially for the sensitive plants, such as kiwi fruit. A field study was conducted to investigate the multiyear effects of biosolid application on nutrient availability of agricultural soil and elemental sufficiency in kiwi fruit. Solar-dried biosolid applied at 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 t ha^?1 annually for successive 2 years. The considered soil properties included pH, EC, organic matter, N, P, K, macro–microelements, heavy metals and DTPA-extractable elements were determined. Results showed that biosolid addition significantly reduced to initial soil pH from 8.2 to 7.8 at higher application doses. Optimization of pH resulted in increased levels of soluble elements in all treatments studied. Biosolid application particularly increased Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and B concentrations to sufficient levels. Among the other elements analyzed, were not significantly affected by biosolid application. Biosolid addition also increased soil DTPA-extractable elements, especially Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn. Significant increases in DTPA-extractable elements occurred for increasing application rates at 50, 100 and 200 t ha^?1 compared to control. We conclude that municipal biosolid applied at an annual rate at or less than 200 t ha^?1 can be safely used for kiwi fruit production on high-pH soils.  相似文献   

Seismic microzonation and earthquake damage scenarios for urban areas     

Atilla Ansal  Aslı KurtuluşGökçe Tönük 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2010

A methodology for seismic microzonation and earthquake damage scenarios may be considered as composed of two stages. In the first stage, microzonation maps with respect to estimated earthquake characteristics on the ground surface are generated for an investigated urban area. The effects of local geological and geotechnical site conditions are taken into account based on site characterization with respect to representative soil profiles extending down to the engineering bedrock. 1D site response analyses are performed to calculate earthquake characteristics on the ground surface using as many as possible, hazard compatible real acceleration time histories. In the second stage, vulnerability of buildings and pipeline systems are estimated based on site-specific ground motion parameters. A pilot study is carried out to evaluate seismic damage in a district in Istanbul, Turkey. The results demonstrate the significance of site characterization and site response analysis in calculating the earthquake characteristics on the ground surface in comparison to simplified empirical procedures.  相似文献   

Liquefaction of silts: the Adapazari criteria     

Ertan Bol  Akın Önalp  Ersin Arel  Sedat Sert  Aşkın Özocak 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2010,8(4):859-873

Ground failures in the form of liquefaction, loss of bearing capacity and soil softening have been observed during the 1999 Marmara (Turkey) earthquake. Research to understand the failure phenomena has been carried out since the earthquakes. This paper attempts to provide explanations to the liquefaction failure of silts in seismic conditions. Findings from a large amount of data collected in the city of Adapazari on the physical and mechanical properties of soils is presented. A geomorphological map of the city has shown that there are surprising horizontal and vertical variations of the facies due to the activity of rivers in the past. Cases of liquefaction appear to have concentrated in former backswamp areas where silts and sandy silts were deposited by crevasse splays. Properties of the soils in zones of liquefaction and non-liquefaction have been determined down to a reasonable depth by measuring the average size, clay content and liquidity index as well as cone penetration resistances with porewater pressures to discover that there is significant discrepancy among those profiles susceptible to liquefaction and non-liquefying deposits. A set of “Adapazari Criteria” is proposed which is intended to improve over the “Chinese Criteria” and is simple enough to be universally applicable. This classification is similar to the existing criteria but emphasizes more on the clay content in addition to measuring the liquid limit and the liquidity index as well as the average size.  相似文献   

Multi-disciplinary earthquake researches in Western Turkey: Hints to select sites to study geochemical transients associated to seismicity     

Sedat İnan  Kadriye Ertekin  Cemil Seyis  Şakir Şimşek  Furkan Kulak  Aynur Dikbaş  Onur Tan  Semih Ergintav  Rahşan Çakmak  Ahmet Yörük  Muhiddin Çergel  Hakan Yakan  Hüseyin Karakuş  Ruhi Saatçilar  Zafer Akçiğ  Yıldız İravul  Bekir Tüzel 《Acta Geophysica》2010,58(5):767-813

Warm and hot spring water as well as soil gas radon release patterns have been monitored in the Aegean Extensional Province of Western Turkey, alongside regional seismic events, providing a multi-disciplinary approach. In the study period of 20 months, seven moderate earthquakes with M _L between 4.0 and 4.7 occurred in this seismically very active region; two earthquakes with magnitude 5.0 also occurred near the study area. Seismic monitoring showed no foreshock activity. By contrast, hydro-geochemical anomalies were found prior to these seismic events, each lasting for weeks. The anomalies occurred foremost in conjunction with dip-slip events and seem to support the dilatancy and water diffusion hypothesis. Increased soil gas radon release was recorded before earthquakes associated with strike-slip faults, but no soil radon anomalies were seen before earthquakes associated with dip-slip faults. Geochemical anomalies were also noticeably absent at some springs throughout the postulated deformation zones of impending earthquakes. The reason for this discrepancy might be due to stress/strain anisotropies.  相似文献   

Geochemistry of mafic rocks of the Karakaya complex,Turkey: evidence for plume-involvement in the Palaeotethyan extensional regime during the Middle and Late Triassic     

Kaan Sayıt  M. Cemal Göncüoglu 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2009,98(2):367-385

The Karakaya Complex within the Early Mesozoic Cimmerian Orogeny in northern Turkey represents the remnants of the Palaeotethys. It includes slivers and/or mega-blocks of slightly metamorphic basic volcanic rocks associated with fossiliferous sediments as well as hypabyssal and intrusive rocks with basaltic-andesitic to ultramafic compositions. They display two distinct compositional groups; namely alkaline and variably tholeiitic. The alkaline basalt samples are more akin to oceanic-island basalts (OIB) with relatively enriched trace element characteristics together with strong partitioning in HREE ([La/Yb]_N = 5.8–16.2), suggesting that garnet is present as a residual phase in the source of those basalts. The variably tholeiitic samples apart from diabases display E-MORB characteristics; being relatively depleted compared to the alkaline counterparts and less fractionated REE patterns ([La/Yb]_N = 2.1–3.6). The diabases, on the other hand, are distinctively different with a significant negative Nb anomaly (Zr/Nb = 28.9–43.4) and flat REE patterns ([La/Yb]_N = 0.8–1.4), suggesting their generation above a supra-subduction zone, probably a back-arc basin. These results may suggest that a mantle plume-related magmatism associated with extensional oceanic system should have been installed within Palaeotethys during Middle-Late Triassic time, which was then incorporated into subduction–accretion prism forming the final picture, that is, “the Karakaya Complex”.  相似文献   

Planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the Coniacian-Maastrichtian sequences of the Bey Dağları Autochthon,western Taurides,Turkey: thin-section zonation     

Bilal Sarı 《Cretaceous Research》2009,30(5):1103-1132

Planktonic foraminifer distributions in seventeen stratigraphic sections of Upper Cretaceous hemipelagic and pelagic sequences of northern Bey Da?lar? Autochthon (western Taurides) yield six biozones such as, Dicarinella concavata Interval Zone, Dicarinella asymetrica Range Zone, Radotruncana calcarata Range Zone, Globotruncana falsostuarti Partial Range Zone, Gansserina gansseri Interval Zone, and Abathomphalus mayaroensis Concurrent Range Zone. Two of the zones, Dicarinella concavata Zone and Dicarinella asymetrica Zone, are identified in the massive hemipelagic limestones of the Bey Da?lar? Formation, of Coniacian-Santonian age. They are characterized by scarce planktonic foraminifera and abundant calcisphaerulids. The other four biozones are determined from the cherty pelagic limestones of the Akda? Formation and indicate a late Campanian-late Maastrichtian time interval. The planktonic foraminifera observed in these four biozones are diverse, complex morphotypes (K-selection), suggesting open oceans. The assemblage of the Abathomphalus mayaroensis Zone shows that the latest Maastrichtian record is absent throughout the northern part of the autochthon. Two main sedimentary hiatuses are recognized within the Upper Cretaceous pelagic sequence. Early to middle Campanian and latest Maastrichtian-middle Paleocene planktonic foraminifera are absent in all measured stratigraphic sections. Hiatus durations differ between sections as a result of diachronism of onset of the hemipelagic and pelagic deposition and the post-Santonian and post-Maastrichtian erosional phases. Drowning event and the early-middle Campanian and latest Maastrichtian-middle Paleocene hiatuses in the pelagic sequence are attributed to regional tectonics during the Late Cretaceous.  相似文献