The crystal structure of (Fe<Subscript>4</Subscript>Cr<Subscript>4</Subscript>Ni)<Subscript>9</Subscript>C<Subscript>4</Subscript>     

Nicheng?ShiEmail author  Zhesheng?Ma  Ming?Xiong  Mingquan?Dai  Wenji?Bai  Qingsong?Fang  Binggang?Yan  Jingsui?Yang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(3):338-345

(Fe4Cr4Ni)9C4 is a metal carbide mineral formed by combination of Fe, Cr and Ni with C. It occurs in a chromite deposit in the Luobusha ophiolite, Tibet. Based on the determination of its crystal structure, the empirical formula is (Fe4.12Cr3.84Ni0.96)8.92C3.70 and the simplified formula is (Fe4Cr4Ni)4C9. The mineral is hexagonal with a = 1.38392(2) nm, c = 0.44690(9) nm, pace group P63 m c, Z=6 and the calculated specific gravity Dx = 7.089 g/cm3. Fe, Cr and Ni occupy different crystallographic sites and their coordination numbers are approximately 12, forming an alternate stacking sequence of flat and puckered layers along the c axis. Some metallic atoms have a defect structure. The interatomic distances of Fe, Cr and Ni are 0.2525-0.2666 nm, and the distances between Fe, Cr, Ni and C are 0.1893-0.2169 nm. The coordination number of carbon is 6. It occurs in interstices of the metallic atoms Fe, Cr and Ni to form trigonalprismatically coordinated polyhedra. These coordination polyhedra are linked with each other via shared corners or shared edges into a new type of metal carbide structure.  相似文献   

东海地区高压-超高压变质带中变质橄榄岩及其原岩和成因类型的判别——以PP1孔和PP3孔为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王希斌  杨经绥  李天福  陈松永  任玉峰 《地质学报》2009,83(7)

本文在总结全球地幔橄榄岩岩石学和地球化学特征的基础上,首次提出了一个用于判别HP-UHP变质带中变质橄榄岩原岩及其成因类型的判别图解.该图主要由镁铁总量MgO+(%)和一个参数m+f/si比值构成.另用Al2O3和CaO分别与MgO+(%)制成两个辅助图解,以示方辉橄榄岩和二辉橄榄岩之间在Al2O3和CaO含量上的分界.通过原岩判别结果和研究表明,PP3孔和PP1孔两者在变质组合、原岩成因类型、地球化学和变质条件方面存在一系列的重大差异.分别代表来自两种极端的地球化学类型和两种不同大地构造环境的UHP变质体.PP3钻孔以Ol+Gt+Cpx+Opx+Sp为变质矿物共生组合的含石榴石纯橄岩,其原岩系来自地幔残余成因的方辉橄榄岩遭受UHP变质作用的产物,它以成分高度均一,富Mg(Mg'=92),极端亏损不相容元素REE(∑REE<1×10-6可称为超亏损型)为特征.在变质相中仍保留原岩的残余矿物铬尖晶石(Sp),其成分显示蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩的成分趋势.并出现以Gt和Sp共存相为特征的变质相.据实验结果(klemme,2004)表明该共存相的稳定域的P-T条件Cr-Sp可达7Gpa,T1400℃,即形成于200km的地幔深度.综合研究显示该孔变质橄榄岩原岩(方辉橄榄岩)具有大洋岩石圈地幔残余成因的某些印记,而不是同深度原生地幔岩相转变的产物.PP1孔变质橄榄岩是由无水矿物相(Ol+Opx+Cpx+Gt)+含水矿物相(Phl±Chu)组成的石榴石橄榄岩杂岩,其原岩来自两种不同成因的超镁铁岩系列:一为具地幔成因的方辉橄榄岩-二辉橄榄岩系列(可能相当于地幔楔中的Al型橄榄岩),另一部分(少数)来自具岩浆成因的超镁铁岩系列(纯橄岩-异剥橄榄岩-辉石岩组合,可能相当于A2型橄榄岩).该套变质橄榄岩,以成分高度不均一,极端富集REE(∑REE平均>20×10-6可称为超富集型)和大离子亲石元素(K、Ba、Rb)为特征.这种异常现象并不反映其原岩原有的地球化学特征,它可能是由于在俯冲过程中受到陆壳物质的污染,或壳-幔相互作用所致.据该孔变质相中缺乏Sp相,而以Gt为标志的变质相的事实,推断其形成的压力条件应>7Gpa, 即形成的深度应大于200km.上述研究表明在苏鲁UHP变质带中,不仅有来自大陆地幔楔中的地幔残余的UHP变质体,而且首次提出有可能来自大陆俯冲前锋具大洋岩石圈地幔性质的(蛇绿岩型地幔残片)变质体存在,这对揭示该区UHP变质带的形成和演化过程提供了新的信息.  相似文献   

博茨瓦纳和中国含金刚石金伯利岩的地质特征及对寻找类似岩体的启示          下载免费PDF全文

刘飞  杨经绥  连东洋  余晓艳  Kewame Rollyken Gwandu 《中国地质》2019,46(1):43-76

金刚石及其寄主岩石是人类认识地球深部物质组成和性质、壳幔和核幔物质循环重要研究对象。本文总结了中国不同金刚石类型的分布,着重对比了博茨瓦纳和中国含金刚石金伯利岩的地质特征,取得如下认识:(1)博茨瓦纳含矿原生岩石仅为金伯利岩,而中国含矿岩石成分复杂,金伯利岩主要出露在华北克拉通,展布于郯庐、华北中央和华北北缘金伯利岩带,具有工业价值的蒙阴和瓦房店矿床分布于郯庐金伯利岩带中;钾镁煌斑岩主要出露在华南克拉通,重点分布在江南和华南北缘钾镁煌斑岩带中;(2)钙钛矿原位U-Pb年龄和Sr、Nd同位素显示,86～97 Ma奥拉帕金伯利岩群和456～470 Ma蒙阴和瓦房店金伯利岩均具有低87Sr/86Sr(0.703～0.705)和中等εNd(t)(-0.09～+5)特征,指示金伯利岩浆源自弱亏损地幔或初始地幔源区;(3)博茨瓦纳金伯利岩体绝大多数以岩筒产出,而中国以脉状为主岩筒次之;博茨瓦纳岩筒绝大部分为火山口相,中国均为根部相,岩筒地表面积普遍小于前者;(4)奥拉帕A/K1和朱瓦能金伯利岩体是世界上为数不多的主要产出榴辉岩捕虏体和E型金刚石的岩筒之一,而同位于奥拉帕岩群的莱特拉卡内、丹姆沙和卡罗韦岩体与我国郯庐带的金伯利岩体类似,均主要产出地幔橄榄岩捕虏体以及P型和E型金刚石;(5)寻找含矿金伯利岩重点注意以下几点:克拉通内部和周缘深大断裂带是重要的控岩构造;镁铝榴石、镁钛铁矿、铬透辉石、铬尖晶石和铬金红石等是寻找含金刚石金伯利岩重要的指示矿物;航磁等地球物理测量需与土壤取样找矿方法相结合才能取得更好效果;(6)郯庐金伯利岩带、江南钾镁煌斑岩带和塔里木地块是中国重要含矿岩石的找矿靶区,冲积型金刚石成矿潜力巨大。  相似文献   

Multi‐stage Melting Processes of Ophiolitic Chromitites from Purang Peridotite,the Western Yarlung‐Zangbo Suture Zone,Tibet     

Fahui XIONG  Jingsui YANG  Paul T ROBINSON  Xiangzhe XU 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(Z2):35-35

The Purang ophiolite, which crops out over an area of about 600 km2 in the western Yarlung‐Zangbo suture zone, consists chiefly of mantle peridotite, pyroxenite and gabbro. The mantle peridotites are mostly harzburgite and minor lherzolite that locally host small pods of dunite. Some pyroxenite and gabbro veins of variable size occur in the peridotites, and most of them strike NW. On the basis of their mineral chemistry podiform chromitites are divided into high‐alumina (Cr# = 20‐60) (Cr# = 100*Cr/(Cr+Al)) and high‐chromium (Cr# = 60‐80) varieties (Thayer, 1970). Typically, only one type occurs in a given peridotite massif, although some ophiolites contain several massifs which can have different chromitite compositions. However, the Purang massif contains both high chrome and high alumina chromitites within a single mafic‐ultramafic body. Seven small, lenticular bodies of chromitite ore have been found in the harzburgite, with ore textures ranging from massive to disseminated to sparsely disseminated; no nodular ore has been observed. Individual ore bodies are 2‐6 m long, 0.5‐2 m wide and strike NW, parallel to the main structure of the ophiolite. Ore bodies 1 and 6 consist of Al‐rich chromitite (Cr# = 52‐55), whereas orebodies 2, 3, 4 and 5 are Cr‐rich varieties (Cr # = 63 to 89). In addition to magnesiochromite, all of the orebodies contain minor olivine, amphibole and serpentine. Mineral structures show that the peridotites experienced plastic deformation and partial melting. On the basis of magnesiochromite and olivine/clinopyroxene compositions two stages of partial melting are identified in the Purang peridotites, an early low‐partial melting event (about 8%), and a later high‐partial melting event (about 40%). We interpret the Al‐rich chromitites as the products of early MORB magmas, whereas the Cr‐rich varieties are thought to have been generated by the later SSZ melts..  相似文献   

Diamond in Oceanic Peridotites and Chromitites: Evidence for Deep Recycled Mantle in the Global Ophiolite Record     

Jingsui YANG  Paul ROBINSON  Xiangzhen XU  Fahui XIONG  Dongyang LIAN 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(Z2):42-42

Diamonds have been discovered in mantle peridotites and chromitites of six ophiolitic massifs along the 1300 km‐long Yarlung‐Zangbo suture (Bai et al., 1993; Yang et al., 2014; Xu et al., 2015), and in the Dongqiao and Dingqing mantle peridotites of the Bangong‐Nujiang suture in the eastern Tethyan zone (Robinson et al., 2004; Xiong et al., 2018). Recently, in‐situ diamond, coesite and other UHP mineral have also been reported in the Nidar ophiolite of the western Yarlung‐Zangbo suture (Das et al., 2015, 2017). The above‐mentioned diamond‐bearing ophiolites represent remnants of the eastern Mesozoic Tethyan oceanic lithosphere. New publications show that diamonds also occur in chromitites in the Pozanti‐Karsanti ophiolite of Turkey, and in the Mirdita ophiolite of Albania in the western Tethyan zone (Lian et al., 2017; Xiong et al., 2017; Wu et al., 2018). Similar diamonds and associated minerals have also reported from Paleozoic ophiolitic chromitites of Central Asian Orogenic Belt of China and the Ray‐Iz ophiolite in the Polar Urals, Russia (Yang et al., 2015a, b; Tian et al., 2015; Huang et al, 2015). Importantly, in‐situ diamonds have been recovered in chromitites of both the Luobusa ophiolite in Tbet and the Ray‐Iz ophiolite in Russia (Yang et al., 2014, 2015a). The extensive occurrences of such ultra‐high pressure (UHP) minerals in many ophiolites suggest formation by similar geological events in different oceans and orogenic belts of different ages. Compared to diamonds from kimberlites and UHP metamorphic belts, micro‐diamonds from ophiolites present a new occurrence of diamond that requires significantly different physical and chemical conditions of formation in Earth's mantle. The forms of chromite and qingsongites (BN) indicate that ophiolitic chromitite may form at depths of >150‐380 km or even deeper in the mantle (Yang et al., 2007; Dobrthinetskaya et al., 2009). The very light C isotope composition (δ13C ‐18 to ‐28‰) of these ophiolitic diamonds and their Mn‐bearing mineral inclusions, as well as coesite and clinopyroxene lamallae in chromite grains all indicate recycling of ancient continental or oceanic crustal materials into the deep mantle (>300 km) or down to the mantle transition zone via subduction (Yang et al., 2014, 2015a; Robinson et al., 2015; Moe et al., 2018). These new observations and new data strongly suggest that micro‐diamonds and their host podiform chromitite may have formed near the transition zone in the deep mantle, and that they were then transported upward into shallow mantle depths by convection processes. The in‐situ occurrence of micro‐diamonds has been well‐demonstrated by different groups of international researchers, along with other UHP minerals in podiform chromitites and ophiolitic peridotites clearly indicate their deep mantle origin and effectively address questions of possible contamination during sample processing and analytical work. The widespread occurrence of ophiolite‐hosted diamonds and associated UHP mineral groups suggests that they may be a common feature of in‐situ oceanic mantle. The fundamental scientific question to address here is how and where these micro‐diamonds and UHP minerals first crystallized, how they were incorporated into ophiolitic chromitites and peridotites and how they were preserved during transport to the surface. Thus, diamonds and UHP minerals in ophiolites have raised new scientific problems and opened a new window for geologists to study recycling from crust to deep mantle and back to the surface.  相似文献   

西藏东巧蛇绿岩中玄武质岩石成因和构造背景探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈晓坚  杨经绥  董玉飞  熊发挥  卢雨潇  李观龙  薄容众 《地质学报》2019,93(10):2509-2530

蛇绿岩记录了大洋裂解、俯冲消减和大陆增生的一系列过程,西藏北部班公湖-怒江缝合带中的蛇绿岩记录了青藏高原的地体拼合和隆升历史。班公湖-怒江缝合带中段的东巧蛇绿岩十分发育,地表出露较好,主要由地幔橄榄岩、堆晶杂岩、辉长辉绿岩和玄武岩组成。玄武岩呈多个露头产出,每个露头从十几平方米至数十平方米不等,辉绿岩呈脉状(或岩墙)产在玄武岩中。本文对东巧西出露的玄武岩和辉绿岩开展了详细的野外地质考察和室内岩相学、年代学和地球化学研究分析,探讨了该蛇绿岩的成因以及形成背景。研究表明,辉绿岩和玄武岩属低钾拉斑系列和钙碱性系列。辉绿岩轻稀土含量略高于N-MORB,兼具IAT和N-MORB的特征;玄武岩轻稀土相比重稀土稍富集,具有E-MORB的特征。样品的Nb/U值(30～48)均大于地壳平均值(10)以及(Th/Nb)N值(0.58～0.86)均小于1,表明岩石未遭受地壳混染。辉绿岩和玄武岩3个样品的锆石U-Pb年龄值均显示较大的变化区间,结合前人班怒带蛇绿岩年代学的研究成果,将其分为三组,第一组(156～239Ma)代表蛇绿岩自身的年龄,第二组(37～141Ma)为晚于蛇绿岩形成的年龄段,推测其为后期的岩浆事件成因,第三组(277～2454Ma)为早于蛇绿岩形成的年龄,推测其成因为原始地幔中残留的早期俯冲板片所携带的地壳中的锆石。通过岩石地球化学成分对比研究,认为辉绿岩和玄武岩为弧后盆地玄武岩(BABB)。结合前人地幔橄榄岩的研究,本文认为东巧玄武质岩石形成于俯冲带(SSZ)的弧后盆地扩张时期,并受到俯冲带流体不同程度的影响。  相似文献   

冈底斯中段卡热辉长岩锆石U- Pb年代学、地球化学及构造意义     

徐向珍  熊发挥  杨经绥  巴登珠  张然  段建兵  赵娇 《地质学报》2019,93(10):2542-2555

以冈底斯中段曲水县西南方向卡热乡一带出露的辉长岩为研究对象,进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石UPb测年以及全岩地球化学的系统测定,据此讨论岩石的成因及其构造意义。该辉长岩主要由单斜辉石和斜长石组成,辉长岩具有低硅、贫碱、富铝,中等富集轻稀土,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素的地球化学特征,与岛弧和大陆边缘地区产出的高铝玄武岩化学组成十分相似,表明辉长岩原生岩浆为被俯冲改造的岩石圈幔源岩浆,在演化过程中受到了上地壳物质的混染。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为49.01±0.51Ma(MSWD=0.41),指示岩体形成时代为始新世。卡热辉长岩具有显著亏损的锆石Hf同位素组成,εHf(t)值均为正值,分布在+10.88～+13.71之间,综合分析表明卡热辉长质侵入体可能为近期遭受俯冲板片析出流体交代作用的亏损地幔部分熔融的产物。结合区域构造演化史认为该岩体在冈底斯南缘的始新世期间存在着强烈的岩浆底侵和壳幔岩浆混合作用。  相似文献   

西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带中段仁布豆荚状铬铁矿成因及构造意义     

杨胜标  李源  杨经绥  巴登珠  薄容众  李瑞保  刘成军  熊发挥  曹楚奇 《地质学报》2022,96(2):533-553

藏南雅鲁藏布江缝合带为目前国内铬铁矿储量最大的缝合带.本文报道了缝合带中段仁布蛇绿岩的豆荚状铬铁矿床,围绕矿床特征开展成因探讨,对缝合带的形成演化和成矿作用提供新制约.仁布蛇绿岩呈近东西走向带状产出,主要由近30个大小不等的地幔橄榄岩体组成.地幔橄榄岩体主要为经历不同程度蛇纹石化的方辉橄榄岩和少量纯橄岩.在纯橄岩和方辉...  相似文献   

论大陆岩石圈内的垂直转换断层     

白文吉  杨经绥  任玉峰 《地质力学学报》1997,3(3):53-58

近些年来,地震测深和重力测量方法揭示出大陆岩石圈内存在一组穿透地壳并延深到上地幔的高角度断裂,经厘定,被命名为垂直转换断层(vertical trans-form fault)。原只认为它们存在于高亚洲,包括青藏高原。本文表明其也出现于低亚洲西伯利亚平原。大陆岩石圈内是否普遍存在垂直转换断层以及它们在大陆岩石圈动力学研究中的意义,是今后构造地质学研究的方向之一。   相似文献   

Peridotites and Chromitites from the Dingqing Ophiolite in the Eastern Segment of Bangong–Nujiang Suture Zone,Tibet: Occurrence Characteristics and Classifications     

LI Guanlong  YANG Jingsui  BO Rongzhong  LIU Fei  RUI Huichao  XIONG Fahui  GUO Tengfei 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(Z1):23-25

  相似文献