Identification and stage classification of Precambrian rifts in the Tarim craton,northwestern China     

Chunfang Zheng  Guiting Hou 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(22):720

The study of Precambrian rifts, such as those found in the Tarim craton, is of great interest in the field of deep petroleum exploration as the source rocks of the rifts are depositional deep lacustrine facies. In this study, two buried rifts (Manjiaer and Wushi rifts) that may exist in the Tarim craton are identified based on the seismic profiles. Through the analysis of the outcrops and stratigraphic columns of the identified rifts, two types of rifts are classified and their evolution is divided into different stages. The evolution of the Manjiaer rift, which experiences frequent volcanic activity, can be roughly divided into three rift periods. Meanwhile, the evolution of the Wushi rift can be simply divided into two rift periods during the Nanhuan–Sinian period. A noticeably stronger activity of the Manjiaer rift in comparison with that of the Wushi rift was noted. The paleogeography of the Proterozoic Tarim craton was also reconstructed, and the prospect for deep petroleum exploration in the Tarim craton is proposed.  相似文献   

青藏高原凯蒙蛇绿混杂岩中碱性火山岩的发现及意义     

潘政  史仁灯  黄启帅  陈生生  龚小晗  吴钪  杨可 《岩石矿物学杂志》2020,39(1):18-34

班公湖-怒江洋的关闭时间直接制约青藏高原早期构造演化的认识。最近,在班公湖-怒江缝合带南侧凯蒙蛇绿混杂岩中发现一碱性火山岩,岩性主要是橄榄粗安岩,具粗面结构,斑晶主要是更长石和少量普通辉石,基质主要由更长石、普通辉石和少量填隙的碱性长石组成,有的具辉绿结构。岩石化学成分较一致,Si O2含量介于51.34%~53.91%之间,Ti O2含量为1.02%~1.55%,具有高Al2O3(17.06%~18.46%)和Na2O(4.90%~6.36%)、低K2O(0.05%~0.88%)含量特点,大多数Mg#大于60,最高68.62,里特曼指数(σ)介于3.65~4.47之间,为碱性系列火山岩;富集Sr、Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Y、Yb等高场强元素,相对富集Zr、Ti,Nb/U、Zr/Nb、La/Yb等比值稳定,分别为7.45~8.51、15.92~17.26和7.26~8.06;(87Sr/86Sr)i值变化范围较小,介于0.706~0.707之间,(143Nd/144Nd)t值在0.512 368~0.512 548之间,说明源区较为一致,结合Ce/Pb-Si O2图解判断结果,认为凯蒙碱性火山岩具有原始地幔、陆壳和深海沉积物源区混合特征。锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果表明该火山岩年龄为101.8±1.1 Ma,可能形成于洋壳俯冲阶段末期,由大陆边缘陆壳与俯冲洋壳板片断离导致软流圈地幔上涌诱发部分熔融所致,推测班公湖-怒江洋大约在早白垩世晚期关闭。  相似文献   

Flood risk assessment in Quzhou City (China) using a coupled hydrodynamic model and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE)     

Geng  Yanfen  Zheng  Xin  Wang  Zhili  Wang  Zhaowei 《Natural Hazards》2020,100(1):133-149

Natural Hazards - To evaluate urban flood risk while considering spatial and temporal characteristics, this paper establishes an assessment method based on a coupled hydrodynamic model and a fuzzy...  相似文献   

CEDLES: a framework for plugin-based applications for earthquake risk prediction and loss assessment     

Long  Li  Zheng  Shansuo  Zhang  Yixin  Sun  Longfei  Zhou  Yan  Dong  Liguo 《Natural Hazards》2020,103(1):531-556

Natural Hazards - To evaluate the seismic risk and loss caused by an earthquake, many earthquake disaster loss assessment softwares have been developed. However, it is difficult to apply one...  相似文献   

分形岩石裂隙中渗流扩散运动的试验研究     

崔溦  邹旭  李正  江志安  谢武 《岩土力学》2020,41(11):3553-3562

由于存在大量粗糙不规则裂隙,使得岩体中流体运动极为复杂。针对天然粗糙岩石裂隙渗流试验存在物理模型隐蔽性和不可重复性等难点,基于三维Weierstrass-Mandelbrot分形函数构建了粗糙节理面的裂隙通道,采用3D打印技术获得了透明精细的裂隙模型,使用微流体控制仪研究了不同试验条件下的裂隙渗流扩散运动,分析了裂隙通道流量与压力水头、裂隙宽度和分形维数之间的关系。研究结果表明：与平行板立方定律近似,在分形裂隙中,裂隙通道流量与压力水头成线性关系;单宽流量与裂隙通道的宽度成近似的三次方关系;考虑分形维数影响时,相同条件下流过裂隙通道的流量随着分形维数的增加而增加;粗糙裂隙渗流立方定律可采用与分形维数相关的幂指数函数进行修正。  相似文献   

云南省新平县哀牢山地区富硒土壤成因及其影响因素研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄钊  陈政  薛传东  刀艳  许胜超  代达龙  吴松 《现代地质》2020,34(3):609-617

以云南省新平县者竜—戛洒地区1∶5万土地质量地球化学调查评价结果为基础,对该地区富硒土壤的成因及其影响因素进行分析,结果表明,研究区土壤硒平均含量为0.38 mg/kg,高于全国土壤硒平均含量0.29 mg/kg,按0.4 mg/kg相似文献   

Granite is an Effective Helium Source Rock: Insights from the Helium Generation and Release Characteristics in Granites from the North Qinling Orogen,China     

ZHANG Wen  LI Yuhong  ZHAO Fenghu  ZHOU Zheng  HAN Wei  ZHOU Junlin  ZHANG Qiao 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(1):114-125

Global helium(He) shortage is a challenging problem; however, the types of helium source rock and the mechanisms of He generation and release therein remain still poorly understood. In this study, in order to evaluate the potential of granite as an effective helium source rock, we collected granitic samples from the North Qinling Orogen, Central China, in the south of the helium-rich Weihe Basin. The helium generation and release behaviors in granite were studied through analysis of U and Th concentrations, EMPA images, and He and Ar concentrations and isotopic ratios extracted by crushing and stepwise heating. The results indicate that Ar has a better retention and a lower mobility than He. 3 He/4 He ratios released by crushing and stepwise heating are 0.016–0.056 RA and 0.003–0.572 RA, respectively, where RA is the atmospheric 3 He/4 He of 1.4×10-6, reflecting a crustal and radiogenic source. Helium concentrations extracted by the two ways are 0.13–0.95 ucm3 STP/g and 7.82–115.62 ucm3 STP/g, respectively, suggesting that matrix-sited He accounts for more than 98% of total helium preserved in granite. In addition, the total generated He amounts in granites are calculated based on the measured U and Th concentrations in granitic samples. Dividing the preserved He quantities by the generated He amounts, it turned out that less than 10% of He produced since the formation of the granite is preserved in the rock over geological time, suggesting that more than 90% generated He can be transferred to the Weihe Basin. Temperature and fracture are the two critical factors controlling He release. Based on the relationship between He diffusivity of granites and temperature and the He closure temperatures of a variety of U-and Th-rich minerals(27–250°C), we estimate that He can be partially released out of granite at the depths 400 m and totally released at the depths 7800 m. Fractures provide effective transfer of free He from deep source rocks to shallow reservoirs. Finally, a model on granite as an effective helium source rock is established. We suggest exploring He resources in hydrocarbon basins with granitic basement(or adjacent to granite bodies), high geothermal field, and young active fractures.  相似文献   

《古地理学报》的立体办刊模式          下载免费PDF全文

李新坡  张西娟  郑秀娟 《古地理学报》2020,22(6):1233-1234

网络技术为科技期刊的发展提供了动力和渠道,促进了《古地理学报》办刊模式的转变。通过建立独立网站、为读者提供多样化的文章获取渠道、多样化的沟通方式、个性化的文章精准推送、加入OSID开放科学计划等,逐步形成了适应期刊发展的立体办刊模式。  相似文献   

松辽盆地北部上二叠统林西组地球化学特征及地质意义     

张健  张海华  陈树旺  郑月娟  张德军  苏飞  黄欣 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2020,50(2):518-530

为探讨松辽盆地北部林西组地球化学特征、沉积环境及构造背景,对该区黑富地1井所钻遇的上二叠统林西组暗色泥质板岩进行主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素测试分析,结果表明：样品主量元素平均质量分数SiO₂为65.05%、Al₂O₃为17.23%、CaO为2.58%、Na₂O为2.84%、K₂O为3.29%,K₂O/Na₂O值为0.20~3.48,A1₂O₃/（CaO+Na₂O）值为0.41~8.01;稀土元素w（∑REE）值介于80.68×10^-6~215.59×10^-6之间,平均值为173.41×10^-6,δEu值介于0.61~0.88之间,平均值为0.70,表现为Eu的负异常,δCe值介于0.91×10^-6~1.01×10^-6之间,为微弱的Ce负异常,LREE富集,HREE亏损;微量元素以亏损Nb、Ta、Sr,相对富集Rb、Ba、La、Ce、Pb、Nd、Sm为特征。样品元素分析和物源w（TiO₂）-w（Ni）、La/Th-w（Hf）等判别图解表明,林西组沉积物源具有多样性,主要来源于上地壳长英质物源,还有少量来自中、基性岩火成岩物源区。样品微量元素标准化蛛网图,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图,K₂O/Na₂O-w（SiO₂）、Th-Co-Zr/10、F₂-F₁构造背景判别图及地球化学参数对比结果表明,松辽盆地北部林西组物源构造背景主要为活动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧,可能形成于靠近大陆岛弧的活动大陆边缘构造背景。林西组应形成于海陆过渡相到陆相环境,水体由半咸水逐渐转变为淡水。  相似文献   

The role of salinity in fluvio-deltaic morphodynamics: A long-term modelling study     

Zeng Zhou  Luying Chen  Jianfeng Tao  Zheng Gong  Leicheng Guo  Mick van der Wegen  Ian Townend  Changkuan Zhang 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(3):590-604

Salinity difference between terrestrial river discharge and oceanic tidal water plays a role in modifying the local flow field and, as a consequence, estuarine morphodynamics. Although widely recognized, recent numerical studies exploring the long-term morphological evolution of river-influenced estuaries with two-dimensional, depth-averaged models have mostly neglected salinity. Using a three-dimensional morphodynamic model, we aim to gain more insight into the effect of salinity on the morphodynamics of fluvio-deltaic systems. Model results indicate that the resultant estuarine morphology established after 600 years differs remarkably when a salinity gradient is included. A fan-shaped river-mouth delta exhibits less seaward expansion and is cut through by narrower channels when salinity is included. The inclusion of salinity tends to generate estuarine circulation, which favours landward sediment transport and hence limits the growth of the delta while enhancing the development of intertidal areas. The formation of deltaic channel–shoal patterns resulting from morphodynamic evolution tends to strengthen salinity stratification, which is characterized by an increased gradient Richardson number. The direction of the depth-averaged residual sediment transport over a tide may be opposite to the direction of residual velocity, indicating the significant influence of baroclinic effects on the net sediment transport direction (and hence morphological change). The effect of salinity on morphological evolution becomes less profound when the strength of tidal or fluvial forcing is dominant over the other. The effects of sediment type and flocculation, which are particularly important when salinity gradients are present, are also discussed. Overall, this study highlights that neglecting salinity to simulate long-term estuarine morphodynamics requires more careful justification, particularly when the environment is characterized by fine sediment types (favouring suspended transport), and relatively large river discharge and estuarine depth (favouring baroclinic effects). © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献