2018年湖南省农村自然灾害社会脆弱性测度          下载免费PDF全文

陈少华  张丽  左洪振  王满  姚爽 《气象与减灾研究》2020,43(4):299-306

农村社会发展状况与自然灾害发生频率和强度息息相关,提高农村自然灾害社会脆弱性对农村社会发展及实现乡村振兴战略具有重要作用。以湖南省各地级市州农村为研究对象,从敏感性和恢复力两个维度建立社会脆弱性指标评价体系,采用熵值法、模糊综合评价法和函数法测算敏感性、恢复力和脆弱性指数,分析2018年湖南省农村自然灾害社会脆弱性。结果表明,湖南省农村社会脆弱性空间分异特征明显,呈现“东低西高”的分布格局;多数地区的农村社会脆弱性处于低位水平,地区分异显著,具有两极分化分布特点,张家界地区最高,长沙和衡阳地区最低。在中低社会脆弱性的农村,恢复力指数对社会脆弱性贡献最大,其中最为显著的便是社会公共事业的建设水平和基础设施的完善水平。在高社会脆弱性的农村,敏感性指数对社会脆弱性贡献度最大。  相似文献   

Data processing and initial results from the CE-3 Extreme Ultraviolet Camera     

Jian-Qing Feng  Jian-Jun Liu  Fei He  Wei Yan  Xin Ren  Xu Tan  Ling-Ping He  Bo Chen  Wei Zuo  Wei-Bin Wen  Yan Su  Yong-Liao Zou  Chun-Lai Li 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(12)

The Extreme Ultraviolet Camera(EUVC) onboard the Chang'e-3(CE-3)lander is used to observe the structure and dynamics of Earth's plasmasphere from the Moon. By detecting the resonance line emission of helium ions(He+) at 30.4 nm, the EUVC images the entire plasmasphere with a time resolution of 10 min and a spatial resolution of about 0.1 Earth radius(RE) in a single frame. We first present details about the data processing from EUVC and the data acquisition in the commissioning phase, and then report some initial results, which reflect the basic features of the plasmasphere well. The photon count and emission intensity of EUVC are consistent with previous observations and models, which indicate that the EUVC works normally and can provide high quality data for future studies.  相似文献   

基于时间序列法的北京市需水量预报(英文)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

翟远征  王金生  滕彦国  左锐 《地理学报(英文版)》2012,22(5):919-932

It is essential to establish the water resources exploitation and utilization planning,which is mainly based on recognizing and forecasting the water consumed structure rationally and scientifically.During the past 30 years(1980-2009),mean annual precipitation and total water resource of Beijing have decreased by 6.89% and 31.37% compared with those perennial values,respectively,while total water consumption during the same period reached pinnacle historically.Accordingly,it is of great significance for the harmony between socio-economic development and environmental development.Based on analyzing total water consumption,agricultural,industrial,domestic and environmental water consumption,and evolution of water consumed structure,further driving forces of evolution of total water consumption and water consumed structure are revealed systematically.Prediction and discussion are achieved for evolution of total water consumption,water consumed structure,and supply-demand situation of water resource in the near future of Beijing using Time Series Forecasting Method.The purpose of the endeavor of this paper is to provide scientific basis for the harmonious development between socio-economy and water resources,for the establishment of rational strategic planning of water resources,and for the social sustainable development of Beijing with scientific bases.  相似文献   

4DVAR同化反演多普勒雷达资料在一次强降水中的应用     

燕成玉  闵锦忠  裴宇杰  李宗涛  张宝贵 《气象与减灾研究》2012,35(2):31-36

利用秦皇岛多普勒天气雷达资料,应用干模式的4DVAR系统反演发生在河北省昌黎县的一次强降水过程的二维风场,得到较为真实的中小尺度天气系统状况。强降水发生在"人"字形切变线的暖式切变线的前侧,当暖式切变线附近出现中-γ尺度闭合气旋性环流时,降水进一步增强。由于采用干模式的变分方法,每4 min就可完成一次风场的反演,其业务化前景非常乐观。  相似文献   

基于时空系统统一的北斗与GPS融合定位   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高星伟  过静珺  程鹏飞  陆明泉  丁志刚  秘金钟  成英燕  敖翔  祝会忠 《测绘学报》2012,41(5):743-748

我国的北斗卫星导航定位系统目前已经发射9颗“北斗”卫星,北斗区域卫星导航系统的基本系统已建设完成,正开展星地联调和测试评估工作,已经具备我国范围内的初步三维定位导航能力。本文研究了Beidou和GPS的时间系统/坐标系统的统一、卫星广播星历与卫星位置计算,以及二者的高精度定位算法,并实现了Beidou和GPS载波相位的数据融合和高精度联合定位,最后通过2011年9月29日的实测数据和处理结果证明了本文方法的正确性,同时为北斗二号系统的调试提供相关试验与结果。  相似文献   

一次台风登陆过程的变分同化模拟试验   总被引：11，自引：7，他引：4  

李宁  沈桐立  闵锦忠 《气象科学》2008,28(3):244-250

本文主要对0509号台风"麦莎"的登陆过程进行模拟试验,把云迹风资料引入三维变分同化系统,分析了同化水汽通道和红外通道的云迹风资料对初始场的影响;利用美国新一代中尺度模式WRF针对台风登陆前后过程做了48 h数值模拟试验,模拟结果表明:引入同化云迹风资料后,对模拟台风登陆前后的路径移向, 降雨分布及强度变化方面,都有一定程度的改善,进而初步探讨了"麦莎"台风陆上长期维持的机制.  相似文献   

Tectonics of the offshore Red River Fault recorded in the junction of the Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan Basins     

Lei  Chao  Ren  Jianye  Pei  Jianxiang  Liu  Bowen  Zuo  Xiang  Liu  Jiaao  Zhu  Shiguo 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2021,64(11):1893-1908

Science China Earth Sciences - The Red River Fault, which originated from the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, has a great significance for obtaining a further understanding of the...  相似文献   

Discovery of six high-redshift quasars with the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope and the Multiple Mirror Telescope     

Xue-Bing Wu  Wen-Wen Zuo  Qian Yang  Wei-Min Yi  Chen-Wei Yang  Wen-Juan Liu  Peng Jiang  Xin-Wen Shu  and Hong-Yan Zhou 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2012,(9):1185-1190

Quasars with redshifts greater than 4 are rare, and can be used to probe the structure and evolution of the early universe. Here we report the discovery of six new quasars with i-band magnitudes brighter than 19.5 and redshifts between 2.4 and 4.6 from spectroscopy with the Yunnan Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (YFOSC) at the Lijiang 2.4 m telescope in February, 2012. These quasars are in the list of z > 3.6 quasar candidates selected by using our proposed J K/i Y criterion and the photometric redshift estimations from the SDSS optical and UKIDSS near-IR photometric data. Nine candidates were observed by YFOSC, and five among six new quasars were identified as z > 3.6 quasars. One of the other three objects was identified as a star and the other two were unidentified due to the lower signal-to-noise ratio of their spectra. This is the first time that z > 4 quasars have been discovered using a telescope in China. Thanks to the Chinese Telescope Access Program (TAP), the redshift of 4.6 for one of these quasars was confirmed by the Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) Red Channel spectroscopy. The continuum and emission line properties of these six quasars, as well as their central black hole masses and Eddington ratios, were obtained.  相似文献   

吉尔吉斯天山造山带晚白垩世- 古新世小规模大陆溢流玄武岩的成因及深部地球动力学过程     

曹俊  王旋  陶继华  付金钟  纵浩然 《地质学报》2019,93(12):3061-3081

以短时间内巨量喷发为特征的大火成岩省一般被解释为是地幔柱作用的产物,但是关于小规模大陆溢流玄武岩的源区和形成机制上仍然存在较大的争论。本文选择吉尔吉斯北天山造山带中小规模大陆溢流玄武岩为研究对象,通过~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar同位素定年精确厘定这些玄武岩的形成时代,并利用全岩地球化学以及单矿物成分分析揭示其岩石成因和深部地球动力学过程。吉尔吉斯北天山中Uchkuduk小规模大陆溢流玄武岩的喷发年龄为81.5～84.0 Ma,明显早于吉尔吉斯天山造山带中其它地区玄武岩(58～76 Ma)。其主要斑晶矿物为橄榄石(Fo_(72.5～91.4))、铬尖晶石(Cr#=13.2～50.1,58.0%～76.2%FeO_T和12.5%～20.4%TiO_2)和单斜辉石(Wo_(47.3-51.3)En_(35.5-43.2)Fs_(9.37-14.2))。Uchkuduk玄武岩微量元素特征与OIB极其相似,富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素,显示Pb、Sr、Nb-Ta的正异常以及K的负异常,并且具有正的ε_(Nd)(t)值(+5.28～+5.42)、适度高的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i(0.7038～0.7047)和(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)i(18.231～18.339),暗示其来源于一个富集的软流圈地幔源区。橄榄石斑晶中高的NiO含量和Fe/Mn比值、低的CaO含量,与典型的来源于辉石岩熔体所结晶的橄榄石特征一致。此外,计算的原始岩浆成分落在L+Ol+Cpx+Grt共结线附近,同时具有高的FeO_T(11.2%～11.7%),TiO_2(2.01%～2.12%)含量,表明Uchkuduk玄武岩来源于石榴石辉石岩为主的地幔源区。该石榴石辉石岩源区可能与早期的地幔交代事件有关,通过俯冲再循环洋壳物质与周围橄榄岩的固相相互作用形成。Uchkuduk玄武岩原始岩浆形成所对应地幔潜能温度1574～1598℃,与地幔柱边部的热异常相当。因此,我们提出吉尔吉斯天山造山带及其邻区的晚白垩世-古新世小规模大陆溢流玄武岩可能是地幔柱活动的产物,地幔柱在上升过程中发生低程度(10%)的部分熔融产生—系列的碱性玄武质岩浆。  相似文献   

安徽枞阳牛头山铜矿床地质特征及找矿前景     

白进忠  孙国昌  李秋金 《江苏地质》2019,43(1):76-80

通过对安徽枞阳牛头山铜矿床的区域地质背景、矿体赋存规律、矿化蚀变特征、矿石类型及结构构造等的综合分析研究,总结归纳出矿体赋存于上侏罗统龙门院组矿化蚀变带（“褪色”蚀变带）及部分断裂破碎带中,矿床属次火山岩期后中低温热液型。在此基础上分析了找矿前景,认为控制龙门院组矿化蚀变带中沿矿体倾向和走向的深部矿体,以及次火山岩体外侧构造破碎带控矿的脉状铜矿体,可作为今后进一步找矿的工作重点。  相似文献