三峡水库运行前后长江中下游干流及两湖的径流过程变化     

周建银  高菲  元媛  黄仁勇  闫霞 《湖泊科学》2023,35(2):696-708

为探索三峡水库运行前后长江中下游干流及两湖径流过程的变化及其驱动因素,利用宜昌、监利、大通、七里山、湖口共5个水文站的流量资料,分析了各站径流过程的变化特征及其成因。结论:(1)各站年径流量均减少,但除七里山站之外,其它各站减少比例均小于10%且变化不显著;(2)干流各站月径流量最大减幅发生在10月,而七里山站、湖口站分别发生在7月、4月;(3)干流各站月径流量最大增幅发生在3月,而七里山站、湖口站分别发生在1月、6月;(4)宜昌站,1—4月径流量增加是三峡水库入库径流增加和水库调度的共同作用结果,6—8月径流量减少的主因是三峡水库入库径流量减少,5、9、10月径流量变化的主因是三峡水库调度;(5)监利站,径流量的变化与宜昌站表现出高度的一致性,但冬季各月径流量的增幅均大于宜昌站;(6)大通站,4—6月径流量变化方向与湖口站一致,其它月份变化方向均与宜昌站一致。(7)七里山站,7月径流量减少的主因是洞庭湖流域来水减少,9、10月径流量减少的主要原因是荆江分流减少,但洞庭湖流域来水减少也是重要原因。(8)湖口站,4、5月径流量减少的主因是流域降水减少,9、10月径流量减少的主要原因是鄱阳...  相似文献   

金沙江下游梯级水库运行后三峡水库高洪水期入库水沙特性     

高宇  任实  王海  吕超楠  赵汗青 《湖泊科学》2023,35(2):662-672

泥沙淤积问题直接影响着三峡水库的使用寿命及综合效益的发挥,研究其入库水沙特性对于解决水库泥沙淤积问题具有重要意义。根据水文站实测数据,分析了三峡水库入库水沙输移特性及来源组成变化,重点研究了金沙江下游梯级水库运行后的三峡水库高洪水期入库水沙特性。结果表明:2003—2021年,三峡水库入库泥沙集中于汛期的高洪水期,2013年以后该现象更为显著,泥沙来源也由金沙江为主转变为嘉陵江为主。寸滩站洪峰流量高于50000 m³/s的高洪水期三峡入库沙量显著大于30000～50000 m³/s区间的高洪水期,三峡水库泥沙调度关键在于上游发生编号洪水期间。三峡水库上游沱江或嘉陵江等支流发生流域性大洪水时,易引起高洪水期入库水沙出现“小水大沙”的特点。金沙江下游梯级水库运行后,三峡水库高洪水期入库泥沙大幅减少,中小洪水调度期间泥沙淤积量也大幅减小。研究结果可为三峡水库的泥沙精细化调度和长期高效使用提供基础数据支撑。  相似文献   

形变单位在地震文献中的正确使用     

高伟 《地震地磁观测与研究》2017,38(6):140-142

针对地震观测技术论文中有关形变单位"毫秒",即10~(-3″)混用为时间单位ms的情况,笔者从单位符号的意义及观测技术仪器的工作原理出发,最终明确,地震观测仪器中倾斜仪观测量单位应为10~(-3″),不能以时间单位ms代替,二者不能混为一谈。  相似文献   

甘肃省地震局高性能计算系统     

高永国  邓津 《地震地磁观测与研究》2017,39(1):149-153

高性能计算是现代科学研究、工程技术开发和大规模数据处理的关键支撑技术,在地震系统发挥着日益重要的作用。甘肃省地震局高性能计算集群系统由60个节点、采用40 GB InfiniBand网络互连组成,峰值计算速度达9.2万亿次/秒。作为地震系统重要的科技服务平台之一,为地震反演、数据分析、数值模拟等领域以及科研创新平台提供高性能计算环境。  相似文献   

宾川地区的地壳厚度和泊松比分布特征研究     

邓嘉美  金明培  陈佳  高琼  张华英  王军  叶泵 《中国地震研究》2017,31(1):79-89

This paper presents the changes of crust thickness and Poissons ratios distribution in the Binchuan region,where the first air-gun transmitting station and its a small dense array were deployed.From September 2011 to January 2014,more than 239 teleseismic events of M≥6.0 were recorded in 16 stations in the Binchuan region.Their P-wave receiver functions were analyzed respectively.The high spatial resolution result shows that the average crust thickness of Binchuan region is 45.3km,it follows the rule of"deeper in the north and east part,shallower in the south and west part."The deepest region is in Xiaoyindian Station;the crust thickness is 47.9km;the shallowest region is in Paiying Station,it has the thickness of 42.1km.It shows that the deeper Moho surface nearby the Chenghai fault and shallower nearby the Honghe fault;the isoline distribution of thickness changes greatly nearby the Chenghai fault and slowly nearby the Honghe fault.From the distribution of Poissons ratios,it is unevenly in the study area with a great difference from the north part to the south part,which shows a characteristic of"lower in the north,higher in the south".The Poissons ratio nearby the Honghe fault is medium too high(0.26≤σ≤0.29);lower nearby the Chenghai fault(σ≤0.26).This paper concludes the possible reason of different characteristic between Poissons ratio and crust thickness is thicker in the upper crust in the Binchuan region.  相似文献   

The Co-seismic Response of Underground Fluid in Yunnan to the Nepal MS8.1 Earthquake     

Zhang Li  Su Youjin  Luo Ruijie  Gao Wenfei  Zhang Ping 《中国地震研究》2017,31(2):201-212

In this paper, statistics are taken on the co-seismic response of underground fluid in Yunnan to the Nepal M_S8.1 earthquake, and the co-seismic response characteristics of the water level and water temperature are analyzed and summarized with the digital data. The results show that the Nepal M_S8.1 earthquake had greater impact on the Yunnan region, and the macro and micro dynamics of fluids showed significant co-seismic response. The earthquake recording capacity of water level and temperature measurement is significantly higher than that of water radon and water quality to this large earthquake; the maximum amplitude and duration of co-seismic response of water level and water temperature vary greatly in different wells. The changing forms are dominated by fluctuation and step rise in water level, and a rising or falling restoration in water temperature. From the records of the main shock and the maximum strong aftershock,we can see that the greater magnitude of earthquake, the higher ratio of the occurrence of co-seismic response, and in the same well, the larger the response amplitude, as well as the longer the duration. The amplitude and duration of co-seismic response recorded by different instruments in a same well are different.Water temperature co-seismic response almost occurred in wells with water level response, indicating that the well water level and water temperature are closely related in co-seismic response, and the well water temperature seismic response was caused mainly by well water level seismic response.  相似文献   

新疆天山地区的波速比异常分析     

张琳琳  高朝军 《中国地震研究》2017,31(1):39-50

Based on the seismic observation report data provided by the Xinjiang Digital Seismic Network from 2009 to 2014,we calculate the wave velocity ratio and its background value for medium and small earthquakes by using the multi-station method in Tianshan,Xinjiang.This paper analyzes the variation of the wave velocity ratio disturbance value to highlight the abnormal,and also back-traces 7 moderate earthquakes at the research area.The results show that:(1)the background value of the wave velocity ratio is almost 1.70,the wave velocity ratio obviously decreases in the middle-eastern part of Tianshan and the region near the Puchang fault;(2)the wave velocity ratio disturbance value is mostly low in the epicenter before four earthquakes of M≥5.0 from 2011 to 2013 in the study area;(3)before 7 moderate strong earthquakes,the earthquake events with low value of the wave velocity ratio account for over 60% of corresponding total events near the epicenters,and the low value of the wave velocity ratio is relatively obvious before moderate earthquakes.  相似文献   

Distribution,potential sources and ecological risks of two persistent organic pollutants in the intertidal sediment at the Shuangtaizi Estuary,Bohai Sea of China     

Xiutang Yuan  Xiaolong Yang  Anguo Zhang  Xindong Ma  Hui Gao  Guangshui Na  Humin Zong  Guize Liu  Yongguang Sun 《Marine pollution bulletin》2017,114(1):419-427

Spatial distribution, source apportionment, and potential ecological risks of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and seven endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the intertidal sediment at the Shuangtaizi Estuary, Bohai Sea of China were analyzed. Results showed that the total PAH concentrations ranged from 28.79 ng g^? 1 dw to 281.97 ng g^? 1 dw (mean: 115.92 ng g^? 1 dw) and the total EDC concentrations from 0.52 ng g^? 1 dw to 126.73 ng g^? 1 dw (mean: 37.49 ng g^? 1 dw). The distribution pattern for the PAHs was generally different from that of the EDCs possibly due to their distinct sources and n-octanol-/water partition coefficients (K_OW). Qualitative and quantitative analytical results showed that PAH sources were mainly from a mixture of pyrogenic and petrogenic contributions. The higher levels at the southeast of Geligang indicated that the EDC pollutants may have mainly originated from the plastic industry and other chemical plants located along the Liao River. Ecological risk assessment revealed that PAHs exhibited low ecotoxicological effects, whereas EDCs, especially 4-tert-octylphenol and bisphenol A, had high ecological hazard to the estuarine biota.  相似文献   

A fast algorithm for prestack Gaussian beam migration adopting the steepest descent approximation     

Zhenghui Gao  Jianguo Sun  Hui Sun  Xu Sun  Ping Yu  Mingchen Liu 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2017,61(3):575-586

In the past, prestack Gaussian beam migration adopted the steepest descent approximation to reduce the dimension of the integrals and speed up the computation. However, the simplified formula by the steepest descent approximation was still in the frequency domain, and it had to be evaluated at each frequency. To solve this problem, we present a fast algorithm by changing the order of the integrals. The innermost integral is regarded as a two-dimensional continuous function with respect to the real part and the imaginary part of the total traveltime. A lookup table corresponding to the value of the innermost integral is constructed at the sampling points. The value of the innermost integral at one imaging point can be obtained through interpolation in the constructed lookup table. The accuracy and efficiency of the fast algorithm are validated with the Marmousi dataset. The application to the Sigsbee2A dataset shows a good result.  相似文献   

2017年8月9日精河6.6级地震序列重定位与发震构造初步研究     

刘建明  高荣  王琼  聂晓红 《中国地震》2017,33(4):663-670

基于新疆区域数字地震台网震相观测报告,采用HypoDD方法精确定位了精河M_S6.6地震序列M_L≥1.0地震的震源位置,综合分析了此次地震序列的空间分布特征和可能的发震构造。结果显示,主震震中为44.2639°N、82.8294°E,震源初始破裂深度为17.6km;地震序列总体沿近EW（273°）向单侧扩展,展布长度约20km;震源深度优势分布范围为7～17km;沿余震走向的深度剖面显示,主震向西10km范围内,余震震源有逐渐变浅的趋势,余震序列中尾端向SW方向偏转的地震震源较深;垂直于地震序列的深度剖面显示,地震序列自北向南呈现逐渐加深的变化特征,表明发震断层面倾向为S倾。综合考虑中国地震局地球物理研究所给定的震源机制解以及震源区地质构造情况推测,精河M_S6.6地震发震构造可能为库松木契克山前断裂东段。  相似文献