边界层风廓线仪多普勒频谱高度图综合应用初探   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

吴志根  丁若洋  郑杰  陈浩君  查亚峰  李建成  胡平 《气象》2011,37(8):1006-1017

文章介绍了边界层风廓线仪多普勒频谱高度图的原理,并且给出了无降水、有降水、降雪、速度折叠、地物杂波、外界信号干扰等典型的多普勒频谱高度图型。研究发现,多普勒频谱高度图除了可以从中提取测风产品所需的数据外,该在线显示的图形还实时提供了许多其他潜在的气象信息,并可用于：连续监视测站上空天气;提前了解测站上空风的垂直切变;发现并确定降水起始时间;在线估测风向风速;实时判别降水云底高度和0°层的范围;验证和解释风羽剖面图产品中的奇异现象;帮助固定和移动风廓线仪选址;诊断风廓线仪系统故障;评价风廓线仪系统软/硬件性能优劣等。文章指出：深入发掘边界层风廓线仪在降水天气系统中进行高时间密度探测的潜力,使得它可以晴雨两用,对今后将边界层风廓线仪配备到一般气象观测站,提高单站天气监测/预警能力和开展精细化天气预报意义深远。文章还对当前商业化的边界层风廓线仪提出了具体的改进意见,以满足频谱在线分析的需要。  相似文献   

西北地区近50年气温及降水的时空变化   总被引：21，自引：2，他引：19       下载免费PDF全文

赵传成  王雁  丁永建  叶柏生  姚淑霞 《高原气象》2011,30(2):385-390

利用1959-2008年间的实测地面气温和降水资料,通过计算气候趋势系数和气候倾向率等统计量分析了西北地区气候的时空变化特征.结果表明,50年来该区气温有明显的上升趋势,年平均气温以0.32℃·(10 a)-1的幅度升高,全年和四季气温都在上升,冬季升温最明显,达0.37℃·(10a)-1,夏季升温幅度最低,约0.24...  相似文献   

隧道火灾时空温度场小波分析     

丁蓬莱  王霆  张巍 《地震学刊》2011,(1):63-67,84

提出了分布式光纤温度传感系统（DTS）时空温度场小波分析方法,完成了监测系统报警算法的设计;应用该算法,对隧道内弱风和强风条件下的模拟实验隧道火灾时空温度场进行了瞬态识别;基于隧道温度场监测数据时空矩阵的提取,对隧道的温度场变化规律做出了分析,并选取Ribo3.7小波基成功识别出隧道火灾时空温度场的奇异点。实验结果表明,基于小波分析定位隧道时空温度场奇异点是一种有效的隧道火灾报警方法。  相似文献   

内蒙古东部地区2次地震震级标度大小的分析与探讨     

丁风和  哈媛媛 《高原地震》2011,23(1):4-7

从表征地震断层错动引起的地震强度的一个力学量(地震矩)出发,依据不同断层性质地震的地震矩与震级的统计关系,反演得到2003年8月16日巴林左旗-阿鲁科尔沁旗地震和2004年3月24日东乌珠穆沁旗地震的震级、断层面积、平均错距、破裂长度以及释放能量等震源参数.在利用不同机构提供的地震矩得到这2次地震面波震级的过程中发现,...  相似文献   

A Method of Initial Vortex Relocation and Numerical Simulation Experiments on Tropical Cyclone Track   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

袁金南  宋丽莉  黄燕燕  陈子通  刘春霞  丁伟钰 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2011,17(1):36-42

Using the technique of smooth filtering and cylindrical filtering, the initial vortex circulation and large-scale environmental field were separated from the background field. Then the separated initial vortex circulation was translated and reinserted in the location where it was observed. This led to the determination of a method of initial vortex relocation. For seven tropical cyclones at 23 points of measurement time in the years of 2006 and 2007, two schemes, either directly adding a tropical cyclone bogus model in the background or adding it after the relocation of the initial vortex in the background field, were employed. Simulation experiments were compared. The results showed that the mean errors of the simulated tropical cyclone tracks at 24 and 48 hours were both smaller with the scheme of adding tropical cyclone bogus model after the relocation of the initial vortex in the background field. The relocation method of the initial vortex decreases the error caused by the deviation of the initial tropical cyclone location in tropical cyclone models. The relocation method is conducive to improving the track forecast of tropical cyclone models and has a good perspective for operational application.  相似文献   

Asymmetric rainband breaking in Typhoon Haitang (2005) before and after its landfall   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

丁治英  王勇  沈新勇  徐海明 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2011,17(3):276-284

Using the WRF (Weather Research Forecast) model, this work performed analysis and simulation on the rainband change during the landfall of Typhoon Haitang (2005) and found that breaking may occur over land and oceans leads to distinct asymmetric precipitation. The breaking is related to the topographic effect as well as interactions between the typhoon and midlatitude systems at upper levels. During the landfall, divergent flows at the 200-hPa level of the South-Asian high combined with divergent flows at the periphery of the typhoon to form a weak, inverted trough in the northwest part of the storm, with the mid- and low-level divergence fields on the west and northwest side of the typhoon center maintaining steadily. It intensifies the upper-level cyclonic flows, in association with positive vorticity rotating counterclockwise together with air currents that travel stepwise into a vorticity zone in the vicinity of the typhoon core, thereby forming a vorticity transfer belt in 22–25? N that extends to the eastern part of the storm. It is right here that the high-level vorticity band is subsiding so that rainfall is prevented from developing, resulting in the rainbelt breaking, which is the principal cause of asymmetric precipitation occurrence. Migrating into its outer region, the banded vorticity of Haitang at high levels causes further amplification of the cyclonic circulation in the western part and transfer of positive vorticity into the typhoon such that the rainband breaking is more distinct.  相似文献   

The Seasonal Variations of Aerosols over East Asia as Jointly Inferred from MODIS and OMI          下载免费PDF全文

LIU Qi  DING Wei-Dong  FU Yun-Fei 《大气和海洋科学快报》2011,4(6):330-337

Data on aerosol optical thickness(AOT) and single scattering albedo(SSA) derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer(MODIS) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument(OMI) measurements,respectively,are used jointly to examine the seasonal variations of aerosols over East Asia.The seasonal signals of the total AOT are well defined and nearly similar over the land and over the ocean.These findings indicate a natural cycle of aerosols that originate primarily from natural emissions. In contrast,the small-sized aerosols represented by the fine-mode AOT,which are primarily generated over the land by human activities,do not have evident seasonalscale fluctuations.A persistent maximum of aerosol loadings centered over the Sichuan basin is associated with considerable amounts of fine-mode aerosols throughout the year.Most regions exhibit a general spring maximum. During the summer,however,the aerosol loadings are the most marked over north central China.This occurrence may result from anthropogenic fine particles,such as sulfate and nitrate.Four typical regions were selected to perform a covariation analysis of the monthly gridded AOT and SSA.Over southwestern and southeastern China,if the aerosol loadings are small to moderate they are composed primarily of the highly absorptive aerosols. However,more substantial aerosol loadings probably represent less-absorptive aerosols.The opposite covariation pattern occurring over the coastal-adjacent oceans suggests that the polluted oceanic atmosphere is closely correlated with the windward terrestrial aerosols.North central China is strongly affected by dust aerosols that show moderate absorption.This finding may explain the lower variability in the SSA that accompanies increasing aerosol loadings in this region.  相似文献   

系统辨识(3)：辨识精度与辨识基本问题     

丁锋 《南京气象学院学报》2011,(3):193-226

系统辨识是研究建立系统数学模型的理论与方法.讨论系统辨识涉及的一些基本问题,包括辨识精度、辨识方法的提出,辨识输入信号的设计,参数可辨识性与系统可辨识性,开环可辨识性与闭环可辨识性,可辨识性与能控性和能观测性的关系,可辨识性与输入信号的关系,以及与辨识方法收敛性相关的激励信号与激励条件,辨识算法收敛分析的基本工具,典型辨识算法的收敛结论等.  相似文献   

GIS气象数据的管理与表达方法     

何永健  曹芸  黄勇 《南京气象学院学报》2011,(3):232-237

将气象数据分为离散数据、格网数据和要素数据,在此基础上,建立了气象数据库,包括气象资料信息数据库、社会资料信息库、基础地理数据库和气象空间数据库,并详细分析了气象数据的组织结构、表达和处理方法,最后提出了基于GIS的气象数据管理与表达的处理方法.  相似文献   

新矿物南岭石的再研究     

丁奎首  杨主明  林俊  苏文  傅小土  李秋立  唐国强  毛骞 《岩石学报》2011,27(6):1840-1846

本文在原有湿法化学分析结果基础上对南岭石的矿物化学式做了重新计算,纠正了原化学式的错误,并对晶胞参数做了精确测定。经晶体结构测定,确认本矿物不仅是以(AsO₃)阴离子团的氧原子密堆积作为结构框架外,其中还出现了Fe-As成键的新特征,属于一种新结构类型的新矿物。红外光谱及穆斯堡尔谱分析测试显示了本矿物波谱学方面的特征。对矿物新的化学组成除采用电子探针、能谱手段以外,还运用SIMS离子探针证实了锂的确实存在。  相似文献