Estimation of Oceanic Heat Flux Under Sea Ice in the Arctic Ocean     

LIN Long  ZHAO Jinping 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(3):605-614

Oceanic heat flux(Fw) is the vertical heat flux that is transmitted to the base of sea ice. It is the main source of sea ice bottom melting. The residual method was adopted to study oceanic heat flux under sea ice. The data acquired by 28 ice mass balance buoys(IMBs) deployed over the period of 2004 to 2013 in the Arctic Ocean were used. Fw values presented striking seasonal and spatial variations. The average summer Fw values for the Canada Basin, Transpolar Drift, and Multiyear Ice area were 16.8, 7.7, and 5.9 W m^-2, respectively. The mean summer F-w for the whole Arctic was 10.1 W m^-2, which was equivalent to a bottom melt of 0.4 m. Fw showed an autumn peak in November in the presence of the near-surface temperature maximum(NSTM). The average Fw for October to December was 3.7 W m^-2. And the average Fw for January to March was 1.0 W m^-2, which was approximately one third of the average Fw in the presence of NSTM. The summer Fw was almost wholly attributed to the incident solar radiation that enters the upper ocean through leads and the open water. Fw calculated through the residual method using IMB data was compared with that calculated through the parameterization method using Autonomous Ocean Flux Buoy data. The results revealed that the Fw provided by the two methods were consistent when the sea ice concentration exceeded 70% and mixing layer temperature departure from freezing point was less than 0.15℃. Otherwise, the Fw yielded by the residual method was approximately one third smaller than that provided by the parameterization method.  相似文献   

荒漠草原区风力发电场建设前后的植被变化     

马松尧  陈龙  滕泽宇  丁爱军  何子豪 《中国沙漠》2019,39(2):186-192

调查了甘肃景泰荒漠草原区一处风电场基础设施建设和运行对植被的影响。结果表明:荒漠草原区百兆瓦级风力发电场建设造成直接植被生产力损失量为6.79 g·m^-2·a^-1,间接植被生产力损失量为91.43 g·m^-2·a^-1。随着扰动程度增加,物种丰富度降低,均匀度减小。在工程运行后,经历近10 a的自然恢复,核心扰动区虽然物种单一,但植被生产力是次级扰动区的两倍以上,为间接扰动区和未扰动区的50%和33%左右;而间接扰动区植被生产力仅为未扰动区的50%。总体上,风电工程扰动对区域植被的影响,不仅在于建设期对局地群落植被生产力的完全丧失,更重要的是在运行期间对周边大面积间接影响区群落植被生产力的大幅度降低,而且这种影响是长期和持续性的。  相似文献   

基于光释光测年的共和盆地风沙活动历史研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

闫文亭  鄂崇毅  姜莹莹  孙永娟  吕顺昌  张晶  孙满平  李萍  杨龙 《盐湖研究》2019,27(1):28-38

位于青藏高原东北缘的共和盆地处于亚洲冬、夏季风和西风环流作用交替控制的干旱—半干旱区,盆地中分布着大面积的沙漠,是重建过去气候的重要载体。就前人对共和盆地25个风成剖面的102个光释光(OSL)年代结果进行分析,总结出晚更新世以来共和盆地的风沙活动在各个时期都有发生,黄土堆积主要是更新世末期到早全新世,古土壤主要是晚全新世发育的,但其测年工作缺乏高密度光释光测年检验。通过对共和盆地西南部的羊曲剖面进行系统的高密度光释光年代学研究发现,羊曲剖面主要是末次冰消期沉积的,9.6～7.1 ka风沙活动迅速减弱,7.1～2 ka存在明显的沉积间断,说明基于单个剖面进行环境演变重建需谨慎。结合盆地内已发表OSL年代结果,末次冰消期以来,风沙活动在共和盆地一直存在,其最强烈时期是14～10 ka左右,黄土主要是末次冰消期14～10 ka沉积的,古土壤发育主要集中在3～2 ka和6～4 ka,此外在9～8 ka也有发育。  相似文献   

四元体系(LiCl + NaCl + Li2SO4 + Na2SO4 + H2O)在75℃等温蒸发相平衡实验与理论研究     

郭亚飞  袁菲  李珑  王士强  邓天龙 《盐湖研究》2019,27(1)

梯度太阳能池技术在盐湖化工中是一种经济分离无机盐产品的方法,本文创新性的采用等温蒸发法,模拟四元体系(LiCl + NaCl + Li2SO4 + Na2SO4 + H2O)在75℃等温蒸发相平衡,指导太阳池深池积温分离提取锂盐产品。实验测定了溶解度和溶液密度、pH值等物化性质,并绘制了干盐相图、水图和物化性质组成图。在该四元体系干盐相图中包含3个四元共饱点,7条单变量蒸发曲线和5个结晶区,分别为NaCl,Na2SO4,复盐Li2SO4·Na2SO4,Li2SO4·H2O和LiCl·H2O。采用 Pitzer模型和改进的HMW公式,拟合出该四元体系在75℃时的Pitzer单盐参数、混合离子作用参数和平衡固相的热力学平衡常数,并计算给该四元体系的相图,计算相图和实验相图有较大区别。等温蒸发相图能真实的反应盐湖中盐类沉积规律,并对指导太阳池分离盐类具有重要指导意义。  相似文献   

Vehicle trajectory modelling with consideration of distant neighbouring dependencies for destination prediction     

Chengyang Qian  Ruqiao Jiang  Yi Long  Qi Zhang  Muxian Li 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(10):2011-2032

Vehicle trajectory modelling is an essential foundation for urban intelligent services. In this paper, a novel method, Distant Neighbouring Dependencies (DND) model, has been proposed to transform vehicle trajectories into fixed-length vectors which are then applied to predict the final destination. This paper defines the problem of neighbouring and distant dependencies for the first time, and then puts forward a way to learn and memorize these two kinds of dependencies. Next, a destination prediction model is given based on the DND model. Finally, the proposed method is tested on real taxi trajectory datasets. Results show that our method can capture neighbouring and distant dependencies, and achieves a mean error of 1.08 km, which outperforms other existing models in destination prediction significantly.  相似文献   

Estimating spatial pattern of hyporheic water exchange in slack water pool     

Song  Jinxi  Cheng  Dandong  Zhang  Junlong  Zhang  Yongqiang  Long  Yongqing  Zhang  Yan  Shen  Weibo 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(3):377-388

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Hyporheic zone (HZ) influences hydraulic and biogeochemical processes in and alongside streams, therefore, investigating the controlling geographic factors is...  相似文献   

罗斯海西部末次冰盛期以来沉积环境重建:有机碳与生物标志化合物分析     

宋乐慧  韩喜彬  李家彪  高抒  刘庚  龙盼盼 《海洋学报》2019,41(9):52-64

本文研究采自位于南极罗斯海西部的ANT32-RB16C柱状沉积物,根据粒度、有机碳和生物标志化合物数据探讨末次冰盛期(24.8 ～20 ka BP)以来该地区有机质来源及沉积环境特征。该柱状样记录了冰架下沉积、冰架前沉积、开阔海域沉积的沉积环境。指示有机质来源的生物标志化合物指标表明该柱状样中所含有机质主要为浮游植物、细菌等海源输入,同时伴有少量陆源物质混合输入。末次冰盛期,由于冰架的影响有机质含量较低,环流影响使得有机质受低等浮游藻类生物等海源影响较大。末次冰消期(20～11.7 ka BP),罗斯冰架消退,冰川溶解释放的有机质在此沉积,使得陆源有机质输入增多,有机质含量升高。进入全新世,有机质含量较末次冰盛期和末次冰消期明显升高,海源输入比例增大,同时细菌等原核生物增多,导致短链正构烷烃降解程度较大。研究区的氧化还原环境主要受冰架与海冰限制作用的影响,与有机质含量和高氧的南极底层水关系不大。总体来说,从末次冰盛期到末次冰消期,研究区沉积环境受罗斯冰架进退影响,全新世以来受气候变化影响。  相似文献   

南桑威奇俯冲带大地水准面异常及其地幔对流特征分析     

刘心哲  陈文文  邢军辉  吴晓阳  安隆  张浩  彭树聪 《海洋科学》2019,43(9):54-63

以南桑威奇俯冲带为例,根据EGM2008超高阶地球重力场模型、卫星重力数据为基础,利用移去-恢复原理计算了研究区大地水准面,实现了研究区不同场源深度大地水准面异常信息的分离,根据Runcorn模型计算了研究区小尺度地幔对流应力场,并结合天然地震空间展布和前人研究成果,对俯冲带结构特征与地幔对流模式进行了探讨。结果表明:南桑威奇俯冲带具有俯冲倾角较大、地震震级较低、弧前侵蚀明显等典型的马里亚纳型俯冲带特征,俯冲带南北部俯冲深度存在明显差异,中段偏北俯冲深度可达500 km;受到软流圈与上地幔上部物质密度差异的控制,东斯科舍海脊下存在沿海脊轴向南流动强地幔流;俯冲带结构与小尺度地幔对流应力场具有很强的相关性。本研究对于搞清南桑威奇俯冲带深部构造特征,理解俯冲运动、地幔对流方向及其动力控制机制提供了新的研究思路和方法。  相似文献   

An adaptive loop gain selection for CLEAN deconvolution algorithm     

Li Zhang  Long Xu  Ming Zhang  Zhong-Zu Wu 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2019,(6):37-42

Radio interferometry significantly improves the resolution of observed images, and the final result also relies heavily on data recovery. The Cotton-Schwab CLEAN(CS-Clean) deconvolution approach is a widely used reconstruction algorithm in the field of radio synthesis imaging. However, parameter tuning for this algorithm has always been a difficult task. Here, its performance is improved by considering some internal characteristics of the data. From a mathematical point of view, a peak signal-to-noise-based(PSNRbased) method was introduced to optimize the step length of the steepest descent method in the recovery process. We also found that the loop gain curve in the new algorithm is a good indicator of parameter tuning.Tests show that the new algorithm can effectively solve the problem of oscillation for a large fixed loop gain and provides a more robust recovery.  相似文献   

天津南港工业区海区表层沉积物粒度特征及沉积环境分析          下载免费PDF全文

潘隆  方晶  田立柱  李杨  王福  齐乌云  王中良 《应用海洋学学报》2018,37(4):462-471

通过对南港工业区毗邻海域采集的40个表层沉积物样品做粒度分析,结果表明:研究区大部分采样点沉积物为粘土质粉砂,仅有少数3个采样点为粉砂,1个采样点为砂质粉砂.又根据沉积物粒度参数特征,将研究区划分为3组沉积环境:I组沉积物平均粒径相对较大,沉积物砂含量较高,水动力为中低能,根据沉积物粒径和海域位置又分为受河流影响较强沿岸流影响较弱的沉积环境(I-1组)和受河流影响较小潮流影响较大的沉积环境(I-2组); II组为受较强河流水动力和潮流水动力双重影响的潮下带沉积环境; III组沉积物整体上颗粒较粗,水动力环境较为稳定,为受季节性湾内环流影响的沉积环境.另外,研究区西南岸潮间带向东北部,沉积物粒径变细,原因是西南岸河流将粗颗粒物质携带至潮间带,在河流和沿岸流共同作用下向北运行,受到南港工业区阻挡,粗粒沉积物沉积,细颗粒物质随水流反弹向南回流后,又在向北移动的环流作用下向东北方向移动,造成该海域沉积物偏细.  相似文献