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121.
微生物是气溶胶的重要组成部分。本研究通过收集南极长城站附近气溶胶,构建气溶胶中空气微生物16S rRNA基因文库,发现南极空气微生物具有很高的多样性,93个克隆子包含了53个OTU(Operational Taxonomic Unit),Shannon指数为3.58,Simpson指数为0.04。南极长城站空气微生物的主要细菌类群为Actinobacteria、Cyanobacteria/Chloroplasts、Bacteroidetes、Firmicutes、Planctomycetes、Proteobacteria及Verrucomicrobia等7个门,Proteobacteria门的细菌是优势类群,占长城站空气微生物细菌克隆文库的65.7%。克隆文库中海源微生物序列及陆源微生物序列各占30.1%,说明长城站附近具有较强的海陆大气交换。我们发现有15个克隆子序列与人类活动相关,占总克隆子数的16.1%,说明人类活动已经影响到了长城站的空气微生物群落结构。 相似文献
122.
In the past nearly two decades, the Argo Program has created an unprecedented global observing array with continuous in situ salinity observations, providing opportunities to extend our knowledge on the variability and effects of ocean salinity. In this study, we utilize the Argo data during 2004–2017, together with the satellite observations and a newly released version of ECCO ocean reanalysis, to explore the decadal salinity variability in the Southeast Indian Ocean(SEIO) and its impacts on the regional sea level changes. Both the observations and ECCO reanalysis show that during the Argo era, sea level in the SEIO and the tropical western Pacific experienced a rapid rise in 2005–2013 and a subsequent decline in 2013–2017. Such a decadal phase reversal in sea level could be explained, to a large extent, by the steric sea level variability in the upper 300 m. Argo data further show that, in the SEIO, both the temperature and salinity changes have significant positive contributions to the decadal sea level variations. This is different from much of the Indo-Pacific region, where the halosteric component often has minor or negative contributions to the regional sea level pattern on decadal timescale. The salinity budget analyses based on the ECCO reanalysis indicate that the decadal salinity change in the upper 300 m of SEIO is mainly caused by the horizontal ocean advection. More detailed decomposition reveals that in the SEIO, there exists a strong meridional salinity front between the tropical low-salinity and subtropical high salinity waters. The meridional component of decadal circulation changes will induce strong cross-front salinity exchange and thus the significant regional salinity variations. 相似文献
123.
基于控制因子分析的方法,本研究建立了夏季珠江口海域海水CO2分压(pCO2)的遥感反演模型。基于珠江水与黑潮水的两端元混合,建立了水平混合和热力学作用的量化模型,并生成了查找表。同时,建立了基于黄色物质(含碎屑)吸收系数的盐度遥感算法,实现珠江口海域表层盐度的遥感反演。利用走航pCO2和匹配的遥感叶绿素质量浓度产品,建立了生物作用的量化模型。通过集成水平混合和生物作用,最终实现夏季珠江口海域pCO2的遥感反演。与走航pCO2比较表明,仅考虑水平混合和热力学作用的遥感结果会显著高估,考虑生物作用后,遥感结果无论在量值和空间变化趋势上均与实测结果相符。此外,遥感反演结果表明,夏季珠江口近岸水域为CO2的汇区,而离岸的陆架水域则为CO2的弱源。 相似文献
124.
~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb are increasingly used to constrain particle dynamics in the open oceans, however they are less used in coastal waters. Here, distributions and partitions of ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb were examined in the Taiwan Strait, as well as their application to quantify particle sinking. Activity concentrations of dissolved ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb(0.6 μm)ranged from 1.21 to 7.63 dpm/(100 L) and from 1.07 to 6.33 dpm/(100 L), respectively. Activity concentrations of particulate ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb varied from 1.96 to 36.74 dpm/(100 L) and from 3.11 to 38.06 dpm/(100 L). Overall,particulate ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb accounted for the majority of the bulk ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb. 210 Po either in dissolved or particulate phases showed similar spatial patterns to 210 Pb, indicating similar mechanisms for controlling the distributions of ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb in the Taiwan Strait. The different fractionation coefficients indicated that particles in the Zhemin Coastal Current(ZCC) inclined to absorb 210 Po prior to 210 Pb while they showed an opposite effect in the Taiwan Warm Current(TWC). Based on the disequilibria between ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb, the sinking fluxes of total particulate matter(TPM) were estimated to range from –0.22 to 3.84 g/(m2·d), showing an overall comparable spatial distribution to previous reported sediment accumulation rates. However, our sinking fluxes were lower than the sedimentation rates, indicating a sediment resuspension in winter and horizontal transport of particulate matter from the Taiwan Strait to the East China Sea. 相似文献
125.
黄、东海水母暴发机理及其生态环境效应研究进展 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
在全球变化和人类活动影响下海洋生态系统的结构与功能发生了很大的变化,海洋赤潮、绿潮、白潮(水母暴发)等生态灾害在多重压力下不断出现。对于以水母为代表的胶质类生物的数量增多,国际上有很多的解释和争论:水母的暴发是一种趋势性的还是周期性的现象,关键问题是对导致水母暴发原因的认识。针对这些问题,国家重点基础研究发展计划项目"中国近海水母暴发的关键过程、机理及生态环境效应"开展了综合性的研究,对前期的研究进展和结果进行系统整理发表在本专辑中,涉及水母生活史策略、环境因子对水母不同生活史阶段的生长和发育的影响、水母的暴发对环境的影响、以及对中国近海水母暴发的新认知等。 相似文献
126.
影响北欧海和楚科奇海夏季细菌丰度和生产力的因素 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Abundance and production of bacterioplankton were measured in the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea during the5 th Chinese Arctic Research Expedition in summer 2012.The results showed that average bacterial abundances ranged from 3.31×10~(11) cells/m~3 to 2.25× 10~(11)cells/m~3,and average bacterial productions(calculated by carbon)were 0.46 mg/(m~3·d) and 0.54 mg/(m~3·d) in the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea,respectively.T-test result showed that bacterial abundances were significantly different between the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea,however,no significant difference was observed regarding bacterial productions.Based on the slope of lg bacterial biomass versus lg bacterial production,bacterial communities in the Nordic seas and Chukchi Sea were moderately dominated by bottom-up control.Both Pearson correlation analysis and multivariable linear regression indicated that temperature had significant positive correlation with bacterial abundance in the Chukchi Sea,while no correlations with productions in both areas.Meanwhile,Chl a had positive correlations with both bacterial abundance and production in these two regions.As the temperature and Chl a keep changing in the future,we suggest that both bacterial abundance and production been hanced in the Chukchi Sea but weaken in the Nordic seas,though the enhancement will not be dramatic as a result of higher pressure of predation and viral lysis. 相似文献
128.
以九龙江流域典型的农业源头溪流——五川溪为研究区域,开展每月一次共2年的NO,一采样用于溪流氮饱和特征的研究．结果表明,2005年和2007年溪流的NO,一浓度分别为35．5～319．5μeqL^-1和5．0～353．6μxeqL^-1,根据Stoddard和Traaen提出的氮饱和划分准则,五川流域分别处于氮饱和阶段2／3和阶段2,接近氮饱和．氮饱和阶段随着NO。一浓度的增加而上升,五川溪流的氮饱和阶段存在着时间上的变化．河流生态系统中氮负荷增加,使河流达到氮饱和状态,并最终改变溪流系统硝化和反硝化等氮的生物地球化学循环过程．随着NO,一浓度的增加,五川源头溪流已成为流域内重要的NO3^-源． 相似文献
129.
本研究研制了由气压棒、气体控制阀、不锈钢管冷阱、石英毛细管冷阱、杜瓦瓶、化学阱等构成的Ｎ２Ｏ预富集装置,通过扩展ＧａｓｂｅｎｃｈⅡ功能控制冷阱的升降,改造气体回路、进样针和样品盘,实现Ｎ２Ｏ的预富集以及ＧａｓｂｅｎｃｈⅡ自动进样与ＩＲＭＳ联机测定．通过将海水中的硝酸盐经化学方法转化成Ｎ２Ｏ,建立了海水硝酸盐氮、氧同位素的分析方法．研究表明,所建立方法对海水硝酸盐氮、氧同位素的分析具有很好的精度,硝酸盐δ１５Ｎ、δ１８Ｏ及峰面积的相对标准偏差分别小于１％、３％和５％．对采自南极普里兹湾海水样品中硝酸盐氮、氧同位素的分析结果与文献报道值吻合,也与海水硝酸盐氮、氧同位素组成的变化规律相一致,证明所建立的技术方法可成功运用于海水硝酸盐氮、氧同位素的分析． 相似文献
130.
单矿物地球化学分析是沉积物源分析研究的重要手段,运用广泛。沉积物中碎屑矿物的粒度组成,即水动力分选作用,是否影响到基于这种方法的物源解释,目前尚不清楚且受到的关注不多。通过研究柴达木盆地北缘地区第三系沉积物中的680颗碎屑石榴石(0.068~0.557 mm)的主量元素地球化学组成数据,解释了不同粒度的碎屑石榴石物源。结果显示,0.063~ 0.125 mm的碎屑石榴石的地球化学结果中Fe^2+与Mn^2+含量更高,表明其母岩的变质结晶程度较弱,故物源解释结果更可能为中—低级角闪岩相变沉积岩,而其他粒径的碎屑石榴石Ca^2+与Mg^2+含量更高,这说明其物源区的温压条件较前者高,因而物源解释结果为低级变质相,中酸性火成岩,榴辉岩等宽泛结果。这种碎屑石榴石粒度差异导致的地球化学组成的不同,说明碎屑石榴石的颗粒大小在一定程度上会影响物源解释结果。因此,在进行单矿物地球化学物源研究时,选取特定粒径(0.063~ 0.125 mm或0.125~ 0.25 mm)组成的碎屑矿物进行分析,可以消除水动力分选作用的影响,有助于获得更为准确的物源解释结果。 相似文献