Sequence stratigraphy of a Middle to Upper Ordovician foreland succession (Ottawa Embayment,central Canada): Evidence for tectonic control on sequence architecture along southern Laurentia     

Nkechi E. Oruche  George R. Dix 《Basin Research》2021,33(1):779-808

The Middle to Upper Ordovician foreland succession of the Ottawa Embayment in central Canada is divided into nine transgressive‐regressive sequences that defines net deepening of a platform succession over ~15 m.y. from peritidal to outer ramp settings, then a return to peritidal conditions over ~3 m.y. related to basin filling by orogen‐derived siliciclastics. With a backdrop of net eustatic rise through the Middle to Late Ordovician, there are several different expressions of structural influence on sequence development in the embayment. During the Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian), foreland‐basin initiation was marked by regional onlap with abundant synsedimentary deformation across a faulted trailing‐margin platform interior; subsequent craton‐interior uplift resulted in voluminous influx of siliciclastics contemporary with local structurally influenced local channelization; then, a formation of a platform‐interior shale basin defines continued intrabasin tectonism. During the Late Ordovician (Sandbian, early Katian), structural influence was superimposed on sea‐level rise as indicated by renewed local development of a platform‐interior shale basin; differential subsidence and thickness variation of platform carbonate successions; abrupt deepening across shallow‐water shoal facies; and, micrograben development coincident with foreland‐platform drowning. These stratigraphic patterns are far‐field expressions of distal orogen development amplified in the platform interior through basement reactivation along an inherited buried Precambrian fault system. Comparison of Upper Ordovician (Sandbian‐lower Katian) sequence stratigraphy in the Ottawa Embayment with eustatic frameworks defined for the Appalachian Basin reveals greater regional variation associated with Sandbian sequences compared to regional commonality in base level through the early Katian.  相似文献   

On the evaluation of snow water equivalent estimates over the terrestrial Arctic drainage basin     

Michael A. Rawlins  Mark Fahnestock  Steve Frolking  Charles J. Vörösmarty 《水文研究》2007,21(12):1616-1623

Comparisons between snow water equivalent (SWE) and river discharge estimates are important in evaluating the SWE fields and to our understanding of linkages in the freshwater cycle. In this study, we compared SWE drawn from land surface models and remote sensing observations with measured river discharge (Q) across 179 Arctic river basins. Over the period 1988‐2000, basin‐averaged SWE prior to snowmelt explains a relatively small (yet statistically significant) fraction of interannual variability in spring (April–June) Q, as assessed using the coefficient of determination (R²). Averaged across all basins, mean R²s vary from 0·20 to 0·28, with the best agreement noted for SWE drawn from a simulation with the Pan‐Arctic Water Balance Model (PWBM) forced with data from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather‐Forecasts (ECMWF) Re‐analysis (ERA‐40). Variability and magnitude in SWE derived from Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) data are considerably lower than the variability and magnitude in SWE drawn from the land surface models, and generally poor agreement is noted between SSM/I SWE and spring Q. We find that the SWE versus Q comparisons are no better when alternate temporal integrations–using an estimate of the timing in basin thaw–are used to define pre‐melt SWE and spring Q. Thus, a majority of the variability in spring discharge must arise from factors other than basin snowpack water storage. This study demonstrates how SWE estimated from remote sensing observations, or general circulation models (GCMs), can be evaluated effectively using monthly discharge data or SWE from a hydrological model. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Petrology, geochemistry and zircon age for redwitzite at Abertamy, NW Bohemian Massif (Czech Republic): tracing the mantle component in Late Variscan intrusions     

Pavla Ková?íková  Wolfgang Siebel  Miroslav Štemprok  František V. Holub 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2007,67(2):151-174

A small body of mafic texturally and compositionally varied igneous intrusive rocks corresponding to redwitzites occurs at Abertamy in the Western pluton of the Krušné hory/Erzgebirge granite batholith (Czech Republic). It is enclosed by porphyritic biotite granite of the older intrusive suite in the southern contact zone of the Nejdek-Eibenstock granite massif. We examined the petrology and geochemistry of the rocks and compared the data with those on redwitzites described from NE Bavaria and Western Bohemia.The redwitzites from Abertamy are coarse- to medium-grained rocks with massive textures and abundant up to 2 cm large randomly oriented biotite phenocrysts overgrowing the groundmass. They are high in MgO, Cr and Ni but have lower Rb and Li contents than the redwitzites in NE Bavaria. Compositional linear trends from redwitzites to granites at Abertamy indicate crystal fractionation and magma mixing in a magma chamber as possible mechanisms of magma differentiation. Plots of MgO versus SiO₂, TiO₂, Al₂O₃, FeO, CaO, Na₂O, and K₂O indicate mainly plagioclase and orthopyroxene fractionation as viable mechanisms for in situ differentiation of the redwitzites.The porphyritic biotite monzogranite enclosing the redwitzite is the typical member of the early granitic suite (Older Intrusive Complex, OIC ) with strongly developed transitional I/S-type features. The ages of zircons obtained by the single zircon Pb-evaporation method suggest that the redwitzites and granites at Abertamy originated during the same magmatic period of the Variscan plutonism at about 322 Ma.The granitic melts have been so far mainly interpreted to be formed by heat supply from a thickened crust or decompression melting accompanying exhumation and uplift of overthickened crust in the Krušné hory/Erzgebirge due to a previous collisional event at ca. 340 Ma. The presence of mafic bodies in the Western pluton of the Krušné hory/Erzgebirge batholith confirms a more significant role of mantle-derived mafic magmas in heating of the sources of granitic melts than previously considered.  相似文献   

利用SSM/I数据判识我国及周边地区雪盖   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

李晓静刘玉洁  朱小祥郑照军　陈爱军 《应用气象学报》2007,18(1):12-20

积雪参数是气候学和水文学研究中所需的重要物理量, 确保积雪参数测定的准确性与及时性对于气候学研究、水文应用以及防灾减灾都非常重要。利用微波数据可获取有云存在时的积雪覆盖图, 遥感雪深和雪水当量信息。采用微波数据判识雪盖并得到积雪状态 (干、湿) 信息, 不仅可以弥补利用光学遥感数据判识雪盖的不足之处, 而且也是利用微波数据反演雪深和雪水当量参数必需的先期工作。该文介绍利用SSM/I的多频双极化微波数据开展我国及周边地区积雪判识方法研究的结果。分析国外全球判识方法的雪盖判识结果指出, 国外算法易在青藏高原等地区将冻土误判为积雪, 造成雪盖面积的偏高估计。研究给出了在我国及周边地区 (17°~57°N, 65°~145°E) 利用SSM/I数据判识积雪的改进方法, 在完成积雪判识的同时还给出了雪深和积雪状态的定性信息, 与已有全球雪盖判识方法相比有较大改进, 大大减小了青藏高原等地区冻土对积雪判识的影响。  相似文献   

Influence of parameters selection in Chebyshev filters on the strong motion data processing     

Guergana Mollova  Frank Scherbaum 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2007,5(4):609-627

This contribution discusses the application of Chebyshev Type I filter for processing real earthquake records. Consideration is given to the effects of filtering parameters (passband amplitude ripple and order of the filter) on the time series, strong-motion parameters, Fourier Amplitude Spectrum of acceleration, and elastic displacement response spectra. Time histories of five earthquakes with different moment magnitudes have been examined (from stations located close to the epicenters). Data processing is based on application of bandpass Chebyshev filtering over frequency range with substantial signal to noise ratio (level of 3 or approximately 3 dB). Applying different filters, we have monitored several important strong-motion parameters: peak values of acceleration, velocity, and displacement; Arias intensity, acceleration/velocity spectrum intensity, significant duration, etc. Some new results and conclusions concerning the influence of Chebyshev filter in data processing of records have been summarized. The graphical and numerical outcomes obtained, as well as the comparison with a Butterworth causal filter, are included in the work. The results could be potentially useful to engineering seismologists who need to evaluate and better understand the merits of this type of filtering for strong-motion data processing.  相似文献   

川东北前陆盆地须家河组层序-岩相古地理特征   总被引：27，自引：3，他引：24  

高红灿  郑荣才  柯光明  文华国 《沉积与特提斯地质》2005,25(3):38-45

根据控制高分辨率层序的构造和天文因素将川东北前陆盆地晚三叠世须家河期划分为2个超长期、5个长期、18个中期及数十个短期旋回层序,并分析了须家河组超长期层序的岩相古地理特征与演化.在SLSC1超长期旋回时期,米仓山-大巴山构造山系尚处于低幅稳定隆升状态,而龙门山构造山系的逆冲推覆作用较为活跃,川东北前陆盆地属于受龙门山逆冲推覆作用远端效应影响的前陆斜坡,沿米仓山-大巴山前缘地带主要发育辫状河三角洲沉积,而盆地西南部主要发育浅湖沉积.在SLSC2超长期旋回时期,龙门山逆冲推覆进一步增强,同时,米仓山-大巴山开始进入逆冲推覆前的强烈构造隆升阶段,川东北前陆盆地有较大幅度的持续拗陷沉降,在继承SLSC1古地理演化的基础上,形成了以沿龙门山和米仓山-大巴山两逆冲推覆带前缘广泛发育的、以巨厚块状砾岩为特征的大型冲积扇沉积体系.  相似文献   

Urban land expansion and arable land loss of the major cities in China in the 1990s   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

TAN Minghong  LI Xiubin & LU Changhe Institute of Geographic Sciences  Natural Resources Research  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(9):1492-1500

China is a country with vast population and scarce arable land per capita. China’s population is more than 1.2 billion, about one-fifth of the world’s total, while the arable land area is only 0.106 hm2 per capita, less than half of the world’s average of 0.23 hm2[1]. Arable land conservation/food security has been acknowl- edged as one of the main factors affecting the sustain- able socio-economic development in China[2], which catches the special attention of many scholars at home and abr…  相似文献   

赣南不同类型花岗岩体的锆石形态群特征及其意义   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

范春方  陈培荣 《地质找矿论丛》2000,15(4):299-306

根据赣南不同时期的各类型花岗岩体的锆石形态群的研究,确定了赣南在前燕山期形成的隘地体、安西－龙州岩体都是造山花岗岩,寨背岩体,陂头岩体,柯树北岩体和安西－龙州岩体均可能是地幔物质混染地壳物质后形成的。  相似文献   

相山矿田热液水云母化及其与铀矿化关系研究   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

温志坚  杜乐天  刘正义 《矿床地质》2000,19(3):257-264

相山铀矿田广泛发育热液水云母化,且水云母以伊利石、蒙皂石混层矿物居多。对典型矿床围岩、蚀变岩石和矿石中粘土组成的定量分析和化学成分分析表明：随着Ｕ元素的逐渐富集,粘土矿物存在蒙皂石→伊利石、蒙皂石混层矿物→伊利石的转化过程,而且这一转化过程在本区是一个动态的平衡过程,这一研究结果很好解释了相山矿田以群脉矿床的为主的特征;蚀变岩石中高蒙皂石含量的粘土矿物为后期富大矿起了富集Ｕ的作用。  相似文献   

Bio-Optical Relationship of Case I Waters: The Difference between the Low- and Mid-Latitude Waters and the Southern Ocean     

Toru Hirawake  Hiroo Satoh  Takashi Ishimaru  Yukuya Yamaguchi  Motoaki Kishino 《Journal of Oceanography》2000,56(3):245-260

Both historic and currently operational chlorophyll algorithms of the satellite-borne ocean color sensors, such as SeaWiFS, were evaluated for in situ spectral radiation and chlorophyll data in some Case I waters, including the waters in the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean. Chlorophyll a concentration of the data set (n = 73) ranged from 0.04 to 1.01 mg m^–3. The algorithms had higher accuracy for the low- and mid-latitude waters (RMSE: 0.163–0.253), specifically the most recently developed algorithms of OCTS and Sea WiFS showed 0.163 and 0.170 of Root Mean Square Errors, respectively. However, these algorithms had large errors (0.422–0.621) for the Southern Ocean data set and underestimated the surface chlorophyll by more than a factor of 2.6. The absorption coefficients in the blue spectral region retrieved from remote sensing reflectance varied in a nonlinear manner with chlorophyll a concentration, and the value in the Southern Ocean was significantly lower than that in the low- and mid-latitude waters for each chlorophyll a concentration. The underestimation of chlorophyll a concentration in the Southern Ocean with these algorithms was caused by the lower specific absorption coefficient in the region compared with the low- and mid-latitude waters under the same chlorophyll a concentration.  相似文献