激光实时干涉计量技术和雷达差分干涉技术测量形变的对比研究及其意义          下载免费PDF全文

毛先进  许昭永  钱家栋  胡毅力  杨润海  王彬 《地震学报》2006,28(3):313-322

分别叙述了激光干涉技术和雷达差分干涉技术的原理及应用. 采用激光实时干涉计量技术实验室观测试样在加压过程中的形变,研究不同破裂孕育区所表现的不同应变异常场特征. 采用雷达差分干涉技术可以测量地形及地表形变,并且有西藏玛尼、张北——尚义等地震前后的形变测量结果. 指出激光实时干涉计量技术与雷达差分干涉技术相似,都是以条纹变化图研究形变异常场特征. 因此, 对雷达差分干涉技术测量的孕震过程中的形变场,特别是临近大震发生前的形变场特征进行观测和以激光干涉技术进行实验及对比研究均将很有意义.   相似文献   

TROS-Ⅰ型流动人卫激光测距仪光学系统设计     

李翠霞  李家明  蔡庆福 《大地测量与地球动力学》2006,26(1):124-127

介绍了车载流动型人卫激光测距仪光学系统(包括激光发射系统、接收系统及微光电视监视系统)的设计思想和方法,着重叙述了光学系统的结构设计、关键部件几何尺寸的确定及重要元器件的选取。设计基于流动型仪器应满足的防振、体积小、调校方便、抗环境干扰能力强等特点。多年的实测证明,这种光学系统不仅能满足流动型人卫激光测距仪总体设计要求,而且经济实用。  相似文献   

四渡河特大桥GPS控制网的布设及成果分析     

苏勤龙  赵正刚  程礼恒 《地理空间信息》2006,4(1):67-68

介绍四渡河特大桥GPS控制网,采用一种新颖的平差计算方式,解决了与周边控制网的接边精度问题,解决了大山区大高差对GPS施工控制网的精度影响。实际验证了国产单频静态GPS接受机,也能进行高精度的施工控制测量。  相似文献   

复杂城区车载激光扫描点云分层路段定位与数据纠正实验研究     

王胜利  郝国建  蒋毅  孙磊  杨红军 《测绘工程》2021,30(2):26-31

高精度的车载点云数据是实现各种城市地物要素提取的前提,但在复杂城市环境下车载作业时信号遮挡、衰减和多径效应频繁发生,进而造成点云数据精度严重降低,如何对复杂环境下的点云数据进行分析和纠正就显得至关重要.现有的质量分析方法多从测距误差、仪器安装误差和数据处理误差方面出发,虽然可以在一定程度上改化数据,但在如何快速定位出分...  相似文献   

一种由粗到精的地面激光点云多层级配准方法     

王英  张云生 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(2):156-159

提出了一种综合利用快速点特征直方图(FPFH)描述符和同名点引导ICP优化的地面激光扫描(TLS)点云配准方法。该方法包括3个步骤:1)点云金字塔构建;2)基于FPFH的粗配准;3)同名点引导的ICP精配准。首先使用体素网格滤波器构造点云的金字塔结构,在粗配准时,FPFH描述符用于金字塔顶层上点云的鲁棒匹配,在此基础上,再进行两层级同名点引导的ICP精配准优化,使用3组典型TLS点云对进行实验,结果表明本文方法可以高效地完成TLS点云的配准。  相似文献   

三维激光扫描技术在宁化天鹅洞改造测量中的应用     

王汉顺 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(3):169-172

三维激光扫描技术是目前最先进的测绘数据获取方式之一,它采用非接触主动测量方式直接获取高精度的三维数据,能够对任意物体进行扫描,快速将现实世界的信息转换成计算机可处理的三维数据信息,与传统测绘技术相比,除了速度快、精度高的优势外,更有获取对象信息更全面、提供的测绘成果更丰富更直观的突出技术特点。本文以宁化天鹅洞改造测量项目为例,探讨了三维激光扫描技术在地下溶洞改造测量工作中的应用原理、工作流程、成果类型及其技术优势,希望对同类工程项目应用有一定借鉴作用。  相似文献   

Effect of different registration methods on precision of orientation based on RTK registration/georeferencing mode     

Shengming Hu  Zhijian Chen  Chenghui Wan  Chun Tang  Wen Xiong 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(4):385-392

Abstract

Compared with traditional methods, the three-dimensional laser-scanning (3D-LS) technique can efficiently acquire many high-quality geometric properties of rock discontinuities. In practice, engineers usually prefer to simplify the processing by using single-station point data and roughly orienting owing to the complexity of registration/georeferencing multi-station point data. However, prior published studies have paid little attention to the accuracy and reliability when determining discontinuity orientations using 3D-LS. We propose a reliable and accurate method with robust on-site applicability. As part of an ongoing effort, we are evaluating the precision of the commonly used coarse registration method and the fine registration method, and promoted the optimized coarse- and fine-registration methods and evaluated their precision. It is found that: (1) the common and the optimized registration method can meet our project’s engineering requirements, and the optimized registration method improved accuracy in the dip direction by approximately 1°; (2) fine registration using an iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm can correct both dip direction and dip angle; and (3) the orientation is of high precision with commonly used coarse and fine registration, whereas the optimization effect to correct the orientation is slightly limited.  相似文献   

Inter-comparison of remote sensing platforms for height estimation of mango and avocado tree crowns     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

To support the adoption of precision agricultural practices in horticultural tree crops, prior research has investigated the relationship between crop vigour (height, canopy density, health) as measured by remote sensing technologies, to fruit quality, yield and pruning requirements. However, few studies have compared the accuracy of different remote sensing technologies for the estimation of tree height. In this study, we evaluated the accuracy, flexibility, aerial coverage and limitations of five techniques to measure the height of two types of horticultural tree crops, mango and avocado trees. Canopy height estimates from Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) were used as a reference dataset against height estimates from Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data, WorldView-3 (WV-3) stereo imagery, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) based RGB and multi-spectral imagery, and field measurements. Overall, imagery obtained from the UAV platform were found to provide tree height measurement comparable to that from the TLS (R² = 0.89, RMSE = 0.19 m and rRMSE = 5.37 % for mango trees; R² = 0.81, RMSE = 0.42 m and rRMSE = 4.75 % for avocado trees), although coverage area is limited to 1–10 km² due to battery life and line-of-sight flight regulations. The ALS data also achieved reasonable accuracy for both mango and avocado trees (R² = 0.67, RMSE = 0.24 m and rRMSE = 7.39 % for mango trees; R² = 0.63, RMSE = 0.43 m and rRMSE = 5.04 % for avocado trees), providing both optimal point density and flight altitude, and therefore offers an effective platform for large areas (10 km²–100 km²). However, cost and availability of ALS data is a consideration. WV-3 stereo imagery produced the lowest accuracies for both tree crops (R² = 0.50, RMSE = 0.84 m and rRMSE = 32.64 % for mango trees; R² = 0.45, RMSE = 0.74 m and rRMSE = 8.51 % for avocado trees) when compared to other remote sensing platforms, but may still present a viable option due to cost and commercial availability when large area coverage is required. This research provides industries and growers with valuable information on how to select the most appropriate approach and the optimal parameters for each remote sensing platform to assess canopy height for mango and avocado trees.  相似文献   

Moving from plot-based to hillslope-scale assessments of savanna vegetation structure with long-range terrestrial laser scanning (LR-TLS)     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

Reliable quantification of savanna vegetation structure is critical for accurate carbon accounting and biodiversity assessment under changing climate and land-use conditions. Inventories of fine-scale vegetation structural attributes are typically conducted from field-based plots or transects, while large-area monitoring relies on a combination of airborne and satellite remote sensing. Both of these approaches have their strengths and limitations, but terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has emerged as the benchmark for vegetation structural parameterization – recording and quantifying 3D structural detail that is not possible from manual field-based or airborne/spaceborne methods. However, traditional TLS approaches suffer from similar spatial constraints as field-based inventories. Given their small areal coverage, standard TLS plots may fail to capture the heterogeneity of landscapes in which they are embedded. Here we test the potential of long-range (>2000 m) terrestrial laser scanning (LR-TLS) to provide rapid and robust assessment of savanna vegetation 3D structure at hillslope scales. We used LR-TLS to sample entire savanna hillslopes from topographic vantage points and collected coincident plot-scale (1 ha) TLS scans at increasing distances from the LR-TLS station. We merged multiple TLS scans at the plot scale to provide the reference structure, and evaluated how 3D metrics derived from LR-TLS deviated from this baseline with increasing distance. Our results show that despite diluted point density and increased beam divergence with distance, LR-TLS can reliably characterize tree height (RMSE = 0.25–1.45 m) and canopy cover (RMSE = 5.67–15.91%) at distances of up to 500 m in open savanna woodlands. When aggregated to the same sampling grain as leading spaceborne vegetation products (10–30 m), our findings show potential for LR-TLS to play a key role in constraining satellite-based structural estimates in savannas over larger areas than traditional TLS sampling can provide.  相似文献   

多源地理空间矢量数据关联分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

郭黎  姜晶莉  李豪  王云阁 《测绘通报》2020,(6):71

针对多源地理空间矢量数据多来源、难以集成综合利用这一现状,本文提出了多源地理空间矢量数据关联方法,并以此为基础构建了多源地理空间矢量数据关联的可视与计算查询系统。首先,对多源地理空间矢量数据关联的概念及分类进行了定义。然后,以此为基础,提出了关联关系构建技术：自适应四叉树编码技术、扫描线技术、几何匹配及语义匹配技术。最后,为实现关联关系的直观展示,设计了原型系统。关联技术的提出可建立起多源地理空间矢量数据之间的关联关系,原型系统的构建也为用户综合利用多源地理空间矢量数据提供了平台,提高了数据的利用率及数据查询的效能。  相似文献