基于小波变换和HIS变换的海冰SAR与光学遥感影像融合方法研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

刘眉洁  戴永寿  张杰  张晰  孟俊敏  谢钦川 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(3):59-67

Sea ice as a disaster has recently attracted a great deal of attention in China. Its monitoring has become a routine task for the maritime sector. Remote sensing, which depends mainly on SAR and optical sensors, has become the primary means for sea-ice research. Optical images contain abundant sea-ice multi-spectral information, whereas SAR images contain rich sea-ice texture information. If the characteristic advantages of SAR and optical images could be combined for sea-ice study, the ability of sea-ice monitoring would be improved. In this study, in accordance with the characteristics of sea-ice SAR and optical images, the transformation and fusion methods for these images were chosen. Also, a fusion method of optical and SAR images was proposed in order to improve sea-ice identification. Texture information can play an important role in sea-ice classification. Haar wavelet transformation was found to be suitable for the sea-ice SAR images, and the texture information of the sea-ice SAR image from Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar(ASAR) loaded on ENVISAT was documented. The results of our studies showed that, the optical images in the hue-intensity-saturation(HIS) space could reflect the spectral characteristics of the sea-ice types more efficiently than in the red-green-blue(RGB) space, and the optical image from the China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite(CBERS-02B) was transferred from the RGB space to the HIS space. The principal component analysis(PCA) method could potentially contain the maximum information of the sea-ice images by fusing the HIS and texture images. The fusion image was obtained by a PCA method, which included the advantages of both the sea-ice SAR image and the optical image. To validate the fusion method, three methods were used to evaluate the fused image, i.e., objective, subjective, and comprehensive evaluations. It was concluded that the fusion method proposed could improve the ability of image interpretation and sea-ice identification.  相似文献   

SAR卫星业务化地形测绘能力分析与展望     

李涛  唐新明  高小明  陈乾福  张祥 《测绘学报》2021,50(7):891-904

从业务化应用的角度针对合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)卫星的平面定位能力及高程测量能力进行了分析与展望.在平面定位方面,TerraSAR-X、COSMO-SkyMed及天绘二号已经达到了1:50000比例尺数字正射影像产品生产指标要求,其中TerraSAR-X的业务化平面定位精度优于2 m,其业务化控制点产品生产精度为3 cm.本文综合介绍了厘米级高精度无控平面定位过程中的误差来源及检校方法.在高程测量方面,T anDEM-X及天绘二号已经达到了1:50000比例尺数字高程模型产品生产指标要求,其中T anDEM-X如果不考虑茂密植被区及冰雪覆盖区,其高程测量精度优于0.88 m.本文综合介绍了业务化无控高程测量过程中的误差来源及检校方法.本文的研究内容为国产SAR卫星的平面定位和高程测量提供了一定的技术参考.  相似文献   

基于时序SAR的德州地面沉降分析     

于文青  程春泉  张越  薛国超 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(3):127-129,132

InSAR技术具有测量时间短、速度快、精度高等优点,可有效取代传统测量.SBAS-InSAR技术作为一种时序SAR技术,形变监测精度高,可达毫米级,在地面沉降中得到广泛应用.本文以德州城区为研究区域,利用2016年3月-2018年6月获取的31景Sentinel-1A影像展开研究,并且对比SAR影像滤波常用几种方法,定性分析自适应滤波、Boxcar滤波和Goldstein滤波的去噪效果;通过SBAS技术得到研究区域的时序形变、年均沉降速率以及累积沉降量等结果,发现最大累计沉降量达56 mm.本文研究表明,德州城区整体稳定,中心城区外围部分沉降,中东部略有抬升.此结论对德州市的地质灾害防治工作有一定意义.  相似文献   

2000年以来广东省经济极化时空演变   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢正峰 《云南地理环境研究》2014,(3):51-55

选择崔-王指数、变异系数和空间自相关等3种方法,以地级市为基本评价单元,对2000年以来广东省的经济极化的时空演变进行了分析。研究表明：（1）广东省经济极化程度呈上升趋势;（2）2000以来,广东省极化现象明显,但是经济总量的极化现象大于人均经济总量;（3）广东省人均GDP和GDP的Moran＇s I均为正值且呈现增大趋势,经济空间集聚程度呈增大趋势,但是人均GDP的空间集聚程度大于GDP;（4）从局部空间自相关关系来看,广东省经济极化格局2000年以来处于稳定状态。  相似文献   

基于GPS反射信号的岸基海冰探测的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张云郭建京  洪中华韩彦岭 《极地研究》2014,26(2):262-267

本文论述了全球导航卫星系统反射信号测量（GNSS-R）在海冰介电常数和海冰密集程度方面的潜在的研究价值,对欧洲空间局在格林兰岛迪斯科海岸采集的海冰数据进行分析,处理了两种反射信号的幅度的量化关系,同时跟踪多颗GNSS卫星并且保证了数据处理时间的连续性和有效性。根据双极化反射信号的幅度极化比和模拟海冰表面复介电常数得出结论, 幅度极化比和海冰表面的介电常数变化有联系。  相似文献   

利用温度链对南海内波振幅的观测     

张本涛  陈维亮  陈标  王丹 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,44(7):24-28

内波的实测资料一般为走航或者浮标布站观测得到的一个关于时间和空间的大面资料,将此资料进行滤波后,进行简单的数值处理,即可得到内波的振幅。但是这种资料较少,布控站位难度较大,成本也较高,是一种不易获取的资料。本文利用的温度链资料是一种获取简单,成本也较低的实测资料。利用温度链资料基于内波带动水质点上下波动的物理过程,进行内波振幅的计算,将会有较大的适用性。  相似文献   

Deriving Changjiang coastal zone wind from C-band SAR and its application to salinity simulation     

王利花  周云轩  朱建荣  沈芳  田波 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(4):946-957

Wind plays an important role in hydrodynamic processes such as the expansion of Changjiang （Yangtze） River Diluted Water （CDW）, and shelf circulation in the Changjiang estuary. Thus, it is essential to include wind in the numerical simulation of these phenomena. Synthetic aperture radar （SAR） with high resolution and wide spatial coverage is valuable for measuring spatially inhomogeneous ocean surface wind fields. We have collected 87 ERS-2 SAR images with wind-induced streaks that cover the Cbangjiang coastal area, to verify and improve the validity of wind direction retrieval using the 2D fast Fourier transform method. We then used these wind directions as inputs to derive SAR wind speeds using the C-band model. To demonstrate the applicability of the algorithms, we validated the SAR-retrieved wind fields using QuikSCAT measurements and the atmospheric Weather Research Forecasting model. In general, we found good agreement between the datasets, indicating the reliability and applicability of SAR- retrieved algorithms under different atmospheric conditions. We investigated the main error sources of this process, and conducted sensitivity analyses to estimate the wind speed errors caused by the effect of speckle, uncertainties in wind direction, and inaccuracies in the normalized radar cross section. Finally, we used the SAR-retrieved wind fields to simulate the salinity distribution off the Changjiang estuary. The findings of this study will be valuable for wind resource assessment and the development of future numerical ocean models based on SAR images.  相似文献   

基于特征选取及广义傅立叶分形的SAR图像海洋溢油检测算法     

郭越  王晓峰 《海洋学报》2014,36(5):61-67

针对海上溢油SAR图像中油膜与类油膜的识别问题,提出了一种结合傅立叶分形与特征提取的检测算法。由于分形特征可以具有无穷多的细节,并在不同的研究尺度存在自仿射特性。这与油膜及类油膜表面的几何形貌特征非常吻合。该算法通过计算样本的傅立叶分形特征,组成油膜与类油膜的特征空间。然后,应用基于差分进化的特征选取方法将利于分类的重要特征值筛选出来。再利用重要特征值对原有样本进行分类。实验表明,经特征选取的分形特征向量能够以100%的准确率将两类样本区分开。该算法在选取重要特征的同时实现了对高维特征空间降维的目的,该思想可以应用于其他的基于高维特征的识别系统中,具有普遍的适用性。  相似文献   

海岛礁光学和雷达影像基于改进非子采样小波变换的自动配准     

SHI Wei  SU Fenzhen  WANG Ruirui  LU Yongduo 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(5):86-95

Homologous feature point extraction is a key problem in the optical and synthetic aperture radar （SAR） image registration for islands. A new feature point extraction method using a threshold shrink operator and non-subsampled wavelet transform （TSO-NSWT） for optical and SAR image registration was proposed. Moreover, the matching for this proposed feature was different from the traditional feature matching strategies and was performed using a similarity measure computed from neighborhood circles in low-frequency bands. Then, a number of reliably matched couples with even distributions were obtained, which assured the accuracy of the registration. Application of the proposed algorithm to SPOT-5 （multi-spectral） and YG-1 （SAR） images showed that a large number of accurately matched couples could be identified. Additionally, both of the root mean square error （RMSE） patterns of the registration parameters computed based on the TSO-NSWT algorithm and traditional NSWT algorithm were analyzed and compared, which further demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The algorithm can supply the crucial step for island image registration and island recognition.  相似文献   

基于GPS反射信号技术的渤海海冰实验     

张云  孟婉婷  顾祈明  韩彦岭  曹云昌  夏青  王炜 《海洋学报》2014,36(11):64-73

传统的海冰检测手段都存在着受天气影响或实时检测成本太高的缺点,为了更实时有效的检测海冰,减轻海冰灾害对于我国的影响,并达到防灾减灾的目的,本文研究了GPS反射信号(GPS-R)技术检测海冰的可能性。通过对2013年2月下旬在中国天津渤海湾的岸基架设GPS信号接收机所接收的观测数据进行分析,使用不同特性的反射海域(几乎全为海水或是海冰)的数据进行比对分析,其结果显示极化比值(反射左旋信号与直射右旋信号的比值)能够明显反演海冰密集度。本文首次将GPS-R技术应用于国内自主设计的渤海海冰检测实验中。  相似文献