茂名地区海雾含水量的演变特征及其与大气水平能见度的关系   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

黄辉军  黄健  毛伟康  廖菲  李晓娜  吕卫华  杨永泉 《海洋学报》2010,32(2):40-53

2008年3月16—19日,在广东茂名博贺海洋气象科学试验基地,利用美国DMT公司生产的FM-100型雾滴谱仪,连续观测了海雾的雾滴谱、数浓度等微物理量。在此基础上分析了海雾液态含水量的演变特征,并结合同期的气象观测与分析数据,进行了海雾中低能见度成因的天气学分析。研究表明,海雾发展过程中含水量有着上下起伏变化的特点;直径10μm以上雾滴的增多是含水量增大的主要原因;随着含水量的增大,雾滴谱分布有向大雾滴方向增宽的趋势,其峰值高度也不断增大。在相同的含水量区间,不同的大气能见度样本表现出明显不同的谱分布特征;在相同高数浓度区间的情况下,导致大气能见度降低的主要原因是含水量的增大。而海雾过程中低能见度的出现,是众多天气因素共同影响的结果:地面天气图上的均压场范围更大,大气低空及地面风速小,大气低层处于弱不稳定状态,以及高湿度层主要在近地层等等。  相似文献   

茂名地区海雾的微物理结构特征   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

黄辉军  黄健  刘春霞  袁金南  吕卫华  杨永泉  毛伟康  廖菲 《海洋学报》2009,31(2):17-23

2007年3月16日至4月29日期间,在广东茂名海洋气象科学实验基地对海雾进行了连续观测,共取得51个雾滴谱样本,在此基础上分析了茂名地区海雾的微物理结构特征。观测分析表明:茂名地区海雾的雾滴谱分布符合Junge分布,平均数密度为57.1个/cm3,平均含水量为0.018 3 g/m3,算术平均直径为4.7μm,算术峰值直径为2.9μm。文中还比较了雾和轻雾情况下雾滴谱分布的不同特征,分析了能见度与含水量之间的关系。  相似文献   

Characterization of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the Baltic Sea by excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Piotr Kowalczuk  Joanna Sto&#x;-Egiert  William J. Cooper  Robert F. Whitehead  Michael J. Durako 《Marine Chemistry》2005,96(3-4):273-292

Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is the major light absorber in the Baltic Sea. In this study, excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra and UV–visible absorption spectra of CDOM are reported as a function of salinity. Samples from different locations and over different seasons were collected during four cruises in 2002 and 2003 in the Baltic Sea in both Pomeranian Bay and the Gulf of Gdansk. Absorption by CDOM decreased with increased distance from the riverine source and reached a relatively stable absorption background in the open sea. Regression analysis showed that fluorescence intensity was linearly related to absorption by CDOM at 375 nm and a_CDOM(375) absorption coefficients were inversely related to salinity. Analysis of CDOM-EEM spectra indicated that a change in composition of CDOM occurred along the salinity gradient in the Baltic Sea. Analysis of percent contribution of respective fluorophore groups to the total intensity of EEM spectra indicated that the fluorescence peaks associated with terrestrial humic components of the CDOM and total integrated fluorescence decreased with decreasing CDOM absorption. In contrast, the protein-like fraction of CDOM decreased to a lesser degree than the others. Analysis of the percent contribution of fluorescence peak intensities to the total fluorescence along the salinity gradient showed that the contribution of protein-like fluorophores increased from 2.6% to 5.1% in the high-salinity region of the transect. Fluorescence and absorption changes observed in the Baltic Sea were similar to those observed in similar transects that have been sampled elsewhere, e.g. in European estuaries, Gulf of Mexico, Mid-Atlantic Bight and the Cape Fear River plume in the South Atlantic Bight, although the changes in the Baltic Sea occurred over a much smaller salinity gradient.  相似文献   

黄河口快速沉积及其动力过程   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

李广雪  岳淑红  赵东波  孙映涛 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2004,24(3):29-36

现场观测资料和卫星遥感校准图像计算表明 ,185 5年以来 ,黄河三角洲新淤陆地 36 99km2 ,生长速率为 2 6 8km2 /a ,黄河输入三角洲 1× 10 8t泥沙形成 3 14 4km2 的陆地。进入河口区的泥沙约 88 4 %堆积在水下 8km宽的三角洲前缘。研究表明 ,这一堆积比例是河口切变锋、异重流和潮流场相互作用的结果 ,异重流在黄河汛期一直存在 ,大约搬运黄河来沙的 6 0 %沉积在三角洲前缘 ;一个潮周期内 ,切变锋出现两次 ,它能够捕获异轻羽状流中的悬浮泥沙堆积 ,也能够限制异重流的远距离扩散。切变锋消失后 ,少量悬浮泥沙才能远距离扩散 ,随潮流离开三角洲水下斜坡。  相似文献   

风尘堆积常见的同沉积和沉积后改造特征及其环境意义   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

尹秋珍  肖国桥  郭正堂  葛俊逸  郝青振  袁宝印 《第四纪研究》2007,27(2):295-302

黄土堆积作为气下沉积,任何一个深度都曾经暴露于地表,因而必然受到相关地表过程的作用.由于这些过程均发生于特定的环境条件下,形成的特征多数具有明确的环境意义;而黄土在沉积后也可能受到各种地质过程的改造,从而对研究中常用的气候代用指标有一定影响.文章基于野外、微形态等分析,结合前人成果,对我国北方新近纪风尘堆积中常见的同沉积和沉积后改造特征、形成过程及环境意义进行研究.由于一些特征在黄土堆积中具有普遍性,可作为识别风成堆积的标志和环境事件研究的指标,并有助于全面理解常用的替代指标的环境意义.  相似文献   

Seafloor Geomorphology and Processes on the Western Continental Margin of India based on Multibeam Acoustic Backscatter Data Analysis     

Sumanta Dandapath  Andrew Menezes  Bishwajit Chakraborty  John Kurian  Koppella N. Prudhvi Raju 《Marine Geodesy》2018,41(2):177-200

An assessment of the multibeam sonar data of the central Western Continental Margins of India has been carried out to evaluate the seafloor geomorphology and processes by examining the geomorphological attributes e.g., slope, sediments, structures, etc. associated with geomorphic features. The variation in relief and the features located in the region have been mapped and interpreted collectively by utilizing several geospatial mapping tools. The backscatter strength across the area, apparently congruent with the local relief, has helped to examine the sediment movement on the seafloor. The prominent features found in the region include faults, pockmarks, mounds, submarine terraces, and submerged fossil reefs. Several areas with varying topography engender comparable fractal dimension at short scale breaks, and the probability density functions (PDFs) utilizing backscatter data depicting overlapping classes. The present study highlights how fractals and scale break parameters can be utilized to determine the seafloor processes and associated sedimentological dynamics in a complex geographical environment with strong bottom currents, seasonal upwelling, and faulted structure. The role and impact of the various geomorphic processes on the reworking of sediment movement and the overall progression of the seafloor morphology has been revealed for the first time in this part of the ocean bottom.  相似文献   

海洋微塑料物理迁移过程研究进展与展望     

李嘉  李艳芳  张华 《海洋科学》2018,42(5):155-162

微塑料作为一种新型污染物, 在海洋中广泛分布, 给海洋生态系统带来潜在的生态风险。充分认识海洋微塑料迁移途径和归趋行为, 掌握其运移规律及影响因素, 能够为治理海洋微塑料污染提供理论指导和科学依据。本文综述了微塑料在海洋中物理迁移过程的研究进展, 系统分析了影响微塑料运移过程的各种影响因素, 包括风、浪、流等海洋动力过程, 生物作用和塑料的粒径、形状等物理性质; 并对该领域未来的研究工作进行了展望。  相似文献   

A joint distribution of significant wave height and characteristic surf parameter     

Dag Myrhaug  Sébastien Fouques 《Coastal Engineering》2010

The paper provides a joint distribution of significant wave height and characteristic surf parameter. The characteristic surf parameter is given by the ratio between the slope of a beach or a structure and the square root of the characteristic wave steepness in deep water defined in terms of the significant wave height and the spectral peak period. The characteristic surf parameter is used to characterize surf zone processes and is relevant for e.g. wave run-up on beaches and coastal structures. The paper presents statistical properties of the wave parameters as well as an example of results corresponding to typical field conditions.  相似文献   

珠江口八大口门径、潮作用动力过程研究     

郑斌鑫  诸裕良  于东生  曾志  陈楚汉 《海洋科学进展》2010,28(1):1-7

根据2006—2007年期间在珠江口八大口门进行的丰水期大、中、小潮3个航次、平水期和枯水期各1个航次的全潮同步水文观测资料,分析了八大口门的潮流特性、涨落潮通量等特征,并建立了逐时潮差与流量的相关关系。在丰水期小潮期间,八大口门受强热带风暴"碧利斯"带来的强降雨的影响,潮流特性、断面流量等水文特征出现较大的变化,逐时潮差与流量的相关关系与其他航次相比表现出不同的规律。在无强径流影响下,逐时潮差与流量的相关关系用线性方程拟合,相关性较好;但在强径流影响下,则采用二次多项式拟合较为合适,且拟合曲线的左右侧表现出涨、落潮过程的区别。  相似文献   

赣中聚源大型石英脉型白钨矿床含铀富钨矿物初步研究     

尹晓燕  李光来  刘晓东  苏晔  邬斌  韦星林  李成祥 《岩石学报》2021,37(5):1553-1566

聚源钨矿是华南地区为数不多的大型石英脉型白钨矿矿床之一.在详细的野外地质调查基础上,本文利用α径迹蚀刻、电子显微镜、扫描电镜以及电子探针等实验手段,对该矿床含钨和含铀矿物开展了精细矿物学的研究工作,探讨了成矿过程中钨和铀的富集规律.研究显示,该矿床钨铀矿物的形成可分为四个阶段:第一阶段,钨铀主要进入富含Nb、Ti的氧化...  相似文献