南秦岭东部新元古代埃达克质岩的发现及其地质意义     

蔡文春  曾忠诚  赵鹏彬  杨宗永  李景晨  王明志  朱雪丽  张小明 《地质学报》2021,95(3):686-702

秦岭造山带是一条复合型大陆碰撞造山带,存在若干新元古代构造岩浆事件的遗迹,它们对深化认识南北秦岭汇聚-碰撞过程和Rodinia超大陆聚合具有重要意义。本文对南秦岭东部豆腐尖岩体英云闪长岩开展LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和全岩主微量元素地球化学研究。代表性样品的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄为860.7±6.0Ma,表明其形成时代为新元古代。岩石地球化学特征表现为高SiO₂(62.41%-68.89%)、高Al₂O₃(15.33%-17.33%),富Na₂O(4.23%-5.80%)和高Na₂O/K₂O比值(1.11-2.41),富Sr(>400×10^-6),低MgO(0.55%-2.08%),低Y(7.40×10^-6-18.20×10^-6)、Yb(0.63×10^-6-1.62×10^-6),高Sr/Y比值(31.49-78.22),轻稀土元素显著富集[(La/Yb)_N>20],弱Eu正异常,具埃达克质岩特征。较高的K₂O含量(2.00%-4.31%)和低MgO以及显著的高La/Yb比值等特征指示,其具有典型高钾钙碱性埃达克质岩特征,很可能源于加厚下地壳的部分熔融,推测该岩体形成时南秦岭地壳厚度可能达到65 km。结合区域地质资料,认为豆腐尖岩体形成于陆-陆碰撞环境,是新元古代松树沟洋盆闭合后北秦岭和南秦岭碰撞造山的产物,是Rodinia超大陆聚合事件在该地区的岩浆响应。新元古代早期商南豆腐尖高钾钙碱性埃达克质岩的首次识别为限定南-北秦岭碰撞事件提供了有力约束。  相似文献   

兴安地块南段晚泥盆世包格德岩体时代的厘定及地质意义     

李猛兴 《岩石矿物学杂志》2021,40(3):484-500

中亚造山带东端兴安地块南段的包格德岩体由石英二长岩、二长花岗岩和花岗斑岩3种岩性组成,岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果分别为368±1 Ma、364±1 Ma、355±1 Ma,为晚泥盆-早石炭世岩浆活动的产物;岩体的(Na_2O+K_2O)含量为7.62%～8.82%,K_2O/Na_2O值为0.93～4.21,具有富碱且相对富钾的特点,A/CNK为0.95～1.20,以准铝质-弱过铝质为主,成因上为高钾钙碱性系列的I型花岗岩;岩体具有偏低的稀土元素总量(83.60×10~(-6)～163.40×10~(-6)),中等的铕负异常(δEu=0.34～0.78),相对富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Th、K)及轻稀土元素,不同程度亏损Ba、Sr、Ti及P等元素;岩体形成于活动大陆边缘弧的伸展环境,与古亚洲洋的演化有关。  相似文献   

扬子地块西缘峨山新元古代A₂型花岗闪长岩的成因及构造意义     

徐丽娟  李萍  刘铮  王国昌 《岩石矿物学杂志》2021,40(2):383-394

在扬子地块西缘出露有大量的新元古代岩浆岩,这些岩石对于重建罗迪尼亚超大陆有着重要的意义。本文对云南峨山岩体的花岗闪长岩和似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩开展了详细的岩石学、岩石地球化学和年代学研究,结果表明,似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩侵位于826.6±2.5 Ma,而花岗闪长岩有着较年轻的结晶年龄818.3±2.8 Ma,花岗闪长岩比似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩有着更低的SiO₂含量,但是更高的Al₂O₃、MgO、Fe₂O₃、TiO₂和P₂O₅含量。在稀土元素配分曲线和微量元素蛛网图上,两种岩性呈现出相似的特征,都是具有右倾的稀土元素配分样式,呈现出Eu负异常,相对于大离子亲石元素（LILEs）更亏损高场强元素（HFSEs）。似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩富集Nd同位素组分,而花岗闪长岩与之有着相似的Nd同位素值。地球化学数据显示可能的岩石学成因是变质火成岩源区在826 Ma时发生部分熔融形成了峨山似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩并且残留下来了一个麻粒岩化的源区;麻粒岩源区在818 Ma时再次发生部分熔融形成了具有A型属性的峨山花岗闪长岩。结合前人的数据和本文的研究,认为扬子西缘在新元古代时期是一个活动大陆边缘,而华南地块当时在罗迪尼亚的位置更可能是在边缘而不是中心。  相似文献   

松辽盆地及外围油气资源基础地质调查——“十三五”阶段进展与未来工作展望     

陈树旺  许光  杨建国  李永飞  张健  赵洪伟  公繁浩  孙守亮  李士超  苏飞  张文浩  王丹丹  张交东 《地质与资源》2021,30(3):221

“十三五”期间,松辽盆地及外围油气地质调查以"开辟新区,探索新层系,联合攻关新类型、新领域,支撑百年大庆油田建设"为目标,紧密围绕"松辽盆地陆相页岩油、外围中小盆地、石炭-二叠系与中新元古界深层系"三大领域,取得了一系列发现与进展：一是以基质型页岩油为主攻方向,实施页岩油参数井获工业油流,揭示松辽盆地陆相页岩油巨大资源潜力;二是阜新盆地辽阜地2井获工业油流,实现久攻不克区勘探突破,为传统煤炭资源枯竭型城市转型发展提供资源保障;三是以深层系、非常规为指导思想,实施石炭-二叠系与中新元古界油气资源调查取得新进展.结合新形势、新需求,提出"全盆地、大地质、多资源"综合调查等下阶段工作方向.  相似文献   

塞内加尔盆地北部次盆白垩系被动大陆边缘深海扇演化特征及主控因素     

王宏语  张峰  杨雄兵 《地学前缘》2021,28(2):362-375

被动大陆边缘深海扇是当今海洋深水油气勘探的热点。识别深海扇,明确其时空演变特征,总结关键地质因素对其发育的控制作用,对于建立深海扇成因与预测地质模型具有重要意义。本文通过地震与钻井资料综合解释,分析塞内加尔盆地北部次盆白垩纪被动大陆边缘时期的构造-沉积演化特征,识别深海扇体,并分析其岩性、形态与规模的演变特征;然后分析海平面变化、陆源物质供给、陆坡与沟谷地貌等地质条件对深海扇体发育的控制作用。研究表明,研究区在白垩纪盆地被动大陆边缘阶段,经历了早白垩世的碳酸盐岩台地建设期、Albian-Santonian期碎屑岩沉积被陆坡内外分割的沉积期、Campanian-Maastrichtian期的碎屑岩缓坡沉积期等3个构造-沉积演化阶段;从早白垩世Aptian期到白垩纪末期发育了具有不同岩性、形态与规模特征的深海扇体。全球海平面变化、陆源碎屑供给、陆坡与沟谷地貌特征共同制约了深海扇的演化特征,但它们对深海扇发育与演化的影响作用又有所不同。全球海平面变化与陆源碎屑供给特征更多是影响了扇体的岩性粗细与规模,而陆坡沟谷地貌特征则直接决定了扇体的形态与分布。  相似文献   

Synoptic analysis of sea level pressure patterns and Vertically Integrated Moisture Flux Convergence VIMFC during the occurrence of durable and pervasive rainfall in Iran     

《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》2019

To carry out this research, interpolated data of daily rainfall from Iran’s Asfazari data base during 1/1/1979–31/12/2013 is used. The day along with pervasive rainfall considered a day that at least 50% of Iran’s territory has received more than 1 mm for at least two consecutive days. Based on mentioned thresholds, 224 days selected for statistical analysis. The sea level pressure data, zonal and meridional wind components and specific humidity with spatial resolution of 0.25*0.25 Gaussian degree in spatial domain of 10 °N to 60 °N and 15 °E to 75 °E obtained from the European Center for Medium range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) ERA-Interim for selected days. Then on the data matrix of sea level pressure, the cluster analysis by Ward linkage method done and 4 sea level pressure patterns with different configuration of synoptic systems were identified. The findings showed that in the sea level, the interaction between southern thermal low pressure systems (Arabia low pressure) with Europe and Siberia cold immigrant high pressure both by individual and integration and anticyclone circulation of Arab sea from the low level of 1000–500 hPa of troposphere have the most role on occurrence of durable and pervasive rainfall of Iran. The most Vertically Integrated Moisture Flux Convergence in the first layer of troposphere (1000–850 hPa) observed in low height regions, in the second layer of troposphere (775–700 hPa) on Zagros Mountains and in third layer of troposphere (600–500 hPa) is seen in mountains leeward of Iran. Also the results showed that the maximum rainfall cores has the most coordination with Vertically Integrated Moisture Flux Convergence (VIMFC) in the second layer of troposphere (775–700 hPa) on the Zagros heights in the southwest of Iran.  相似文献   

Element mobility during continental collision: insights from polymineralic metamorphic vein within UHP eclogite in the Dabie orogen     

Y.‐M. SHENG  Y‐F. ZHENG  S‐N. LI  Z. HU 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2013,31(2):221-241

Metamorphic dehydration and partial melting are two important processes during continental collision. They have significant bearing on element transport at the slab interface under subduction‐zone P–T conditions. Petrological and geochemical insights into the two processes are provided by a comprehensive study of leucocratic veins in ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks. This is exemplified by this study of a polymineralic vein within phengite‐bearing UHP eclogite in the Dabie orogen. The vein is primarily composed of quartz, kyanite, epidote and phengite, with minor accessory minerals such as garnet, rutile and zircon. Primary multiphase solid inclusions occur in garnet and epidote from the both vein and host eclogite. They are composed of quartz ± K‐feldspar ± plagioclase ± K‐bearing glass and exhibit irregular to negative crystal shapes that are surrounded by weak radial cracks. This suggests their precipitation from solute‐rich metamorphic fluid/melt that involved the reaction of phengite breakdown. Zircon U–Pb dating for the vein gave two groups of concordant ages at 217 ± 2 and 210 ± 2 Ma, indicating two episodes of zircon growth in the Late Triassic. The same minerals from the two rocks give consistent δ¹⁸O and δD values, suggesting that the vein‐forming fluid was directly derived from the host UHP eclogite. The vein is much richer in phengite and epidote than the host eclogite, suggesting that the fluid is associated with remarkable concentration of such water‐soluble elements as LILE and LREE migration. Garnet and rutile in the vein exhibit much higher contents of HREE (2.2–5.7 times) and Nb–Ta (1.8–2.0 times) than those in the eclogite, indicating that these normally water‐insoluble elements became mobile and then were sunken in the vein minerals. Thus, the vein‐forming agent would be primarily composed of the UHP aqueous fluid with minor amounts of the hydrous melt, which may even become a supercritical fluid to have a capacity to transport not only LILE and LREE but also HREE and HFSE at subduction‐zone metamorphic conditions. Taken together, significant amounts of trace elements were transported by the vein‐forming fluid due to the phengite breakdown inside the UHP eclogite during exhumation of the deeply subducted continental crust.  相似文献   

The control of maturity and kerogen type on quantitative analytical pyrolysis data     

Kjell ygard  Steve Larter  Joe Senftle 《Organic Geochemistry》1988,13(4-6)

Quantitative pyrolysis-gas chromatography has been performed on 96 kerogen samples isolated from 17 wells on the Norwegian Continental shelf. Petrographic and bulk geochemical measurements were also performed on the samples, and a combined data set of 117 variables for each sample was analysed using principal components analysis (PCA). This approach provides an objective and reproducible means of kerogen characterisation, which can be easily automated. In addition to objective kerogen characterisation and facile visualisation of facies and maturity related chemical trends, the method has the potential to allow objective prediction of key geochemical parameters such as maturity level from pyrogram data.  相似文献   

Active tectonics of the Himalaya     

James F Ni 《Journal of Earth System Science》1989,98(1):71-89

The Himalayan mountains are a product of the collision between India and Eurasia which began in the Eocene. In the early stage of continental collision the development of a suture zone between two colliding plates took place. The continued convergence is accommodated along the suture zone and in the back-arc region. Further convergence results in intracrustal megathrust within the leading edge of the advancing Indian plate. In the Himalaya this stage is characterized by the intense uplift of the High Himalaya, the development of the Tibetan Plateau and the breaking-up of the central and eastern Asian continent. Although numerous models for the evolution of the Himalaya have been proposed, the available geological and geophysical data are consistent with an underthrusting model in which the Indian continental lithosphere underthrusts beneath the Himalaya and southern Tibet. Reflection profiles across the entire Himalaya and Tibet are needed to prove the existence of such underthrusting. Geodetic surveys across the High Himalaya are needed to determine the present state of the MCT as well as the rate of uplift and shortening within the Himalaya. Paleoseismicity studies are necessary to resolve the temporal and spatial patterns of major earthquake faulting along the segmented Himalayan mountains.  相似文献   

东秦岭寒武纪构造古地理概况   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

杨家騄 《地球科学》1988,(5)

本文提出寒武纪以商丹断裂带为界,东秦岭地区北部属中朝板块南部陆缘区,为主动大陆边缘,以双列岛弧为特征;中部和南部属杨子板块北部陆缘区,由两隆(大陆区北缘和中秦岭微板块)—凹(南秦岭盆地)组成,为被动大陆边缘。  相似文献