黄骅坳陷板桥地区湖相滩坝砂体内部隔(夹)层成因机制与分布样式          下载免费PDF全文

商晓飞  侯加根  刘钰铭  李永强  马克  杨逸臣 《古地理学报》2014,16(5):581-596

黄骅坳陷板桥地区古近系沙河街组沙二段具有典型的湖泊滩坝沉积特点,其砂体内部主要发育泥质、钙质和致密粉砂质3种类型的隔夹层。利用构型分析法,将滩坝砂体分为复合坝、单一坝和坝内增生体3个构型要素,将内部隔(夹)层分为单一坝间隔层和单一坝内夹层2个级别。单一坝间隔层具有3种成因机制:(1)基准面波动造成单一坝叠置区分布的细粒沉积;(2)风暴作用形成的滞留泥砾沉积;(3)坝后水动力低能区域形成的泥质沉积。单一坝内夹层则是波浪能量衰减形成的细粒沉积,岩性以粉砂质泥岩、泥质粉砂岩为主。通过分析夹层的井上识别特征,结合青海湖、岱海现代沉积的原型地质模式,对单一坝进行内部构型解剖。结果表明,夹层厚度为0.1～1m,靠近岸线近水平分布,向湖中心方向以低角度倾斜,倾角为2°～5°。不同级次与成因的隔(夹)层在滩坝砂体中都有特定的发育部位,其分布规律和空间配置关系不仅可以反映不同隔(夹)层的沉积时间顺序,还可以依此来推测滩坝的沉积规模与展布形态。隔(夹)层会导致含油气性的差异,认识隔(夹)层分布规律是提高滩坝储集层油气采收率的关键。  相似文献   

Loss estimation for non‐ductile reinforced concrete building in Victoria,British Columbia,Canada: effects of mega‐thrust Mw9‐class subduction earthquakes and aftershocks          下载免费PDF全文

Solomon Tesfamariam  Katsuichiro Goda 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(13):2303-2320

This paper presents, within the performance‐based earthquake engineering framework, a comprehensive probabilistic seismic loss estimation method that accounts for main sources of uncertainty related to hazard, vulnerability, and loss. The loss assessment rigorously integrates multiple engineering demand parameters (maximum and residual inter‐story drift ratio and peak floor acceleration) with consideration of mainshock–aftershock sequences. A 4‐story non‐ductile reinforced concrete building located in Victoria, British Colombia, Canada, is considered as a case study. For 100 mainshock and mainshock–aftershock earthquake records, incremental dynamic analysis is performed, and the three engineering demand parameters are fitted with a probability distribution and corresponding dependence computed. Finally, with consideration of different demolition limit states, loss assessment is performed. From the results, it can be shown that when seismic vulnerability models are integrated with seismic hazard, the aftershock effects are relatively minor in terms of overall seismic loss (1–4% increase). Moreover, demolition limit state parameters, uncertainties of collapse fragility, and non‐collapse seismic demand prediction models have showed significant contribution to the loss assessment. The seismic loss curves for the reference case and for cases with the varied parameters can differ by as large as about 150%. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Seismic behavior of steel buildings with out‐of‐plumb          下载免费PDF全文

Ali A. Rad  Gregory A. MacRae  Trevor Z. Yeow  Desmond K. Bull 《地震工程与结构动力学》2015,44(14):2575-2588

A structure that has a permanent offset from a true vertical line is commonly referred to as being ‘out‐of‐plumb’. Out‐of‐plumb may result from construction tolerances or post‐earthquake permanent deformations in steel buildings. This paper quantifies the displacements of buildings with out‐of‐plumb in subsequent seismic events by means of inelastic dynamic time history analysis. Structures considered have different structural heights, force design reduction factors (R), and target inter‐story drifts. It is shown that buildings with greater out of plumb and force design reduction factor have larger normalized peak inter‐story drift ratio and ratio of residual‐to‐peak drift. Also, the ratio of residual‐to‐peak drift was not strongly dependent on structural height or design drift. A design procedure and example provided, based on the results obtained, show how peak and residual inter‐story drift ratio can be estimated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于多GNSS融合的GPS PPP模糊度固定方法     

丁赫  孙付平  刘帅  满小三  李海峰 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(1):35-39

通过BDS/GPS/GLONASS组合的方式加速PPP的收敛,利用整数相位钟法实现GPS PPP模糊度的固定,并通过6个MGEX测站的数据进行PPP动态实验。结果表明,固定解的精度优于浮点解,而基于BDS/GPS/GLONASS融合的PPP固定解定位精度优于单GPS PPP固定解;GPS固定解PPP平均模糊度首次固定时间（TTFF）为46.1 min,而基于BDS/GPS/GLONASS融合的固定解PPP首次固定时间仅为25.8 min,相应的模糊度固定率也由78.6%增加到87.4%。  相似文献   

江西修水地区中元古界双桥山群修水组内波内潮汐沉积   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

郭建秋  张雄华  章泽军 《地质科技情报》2003,22(1):47-52

详细论述了江西修水地区中元古界双桥山群修水组中的深水牵引流内波内潮汐的沉积特征及形成环境。深水牵引流内波内潮汐沉积具双向递变、单向递变和对偶层递变层序；其岩相可划分为双向交错层理砂岩相，单向交错层理砂岩相，砂岩、板岩薄互层相，波状、脉状、透镜状细砂岩、粉砂岩、板岩相；发育双向和单向交错层理、曲线型和干涉波痕及波状、脉状、透镜状层理；在综合分析的基础上，进一步建立了该区水道型和非水道型内波内潮汐沉积模式。  相似文献   

The　anomalous　reactions　of　the　geomagnetic　horizontal　field　transfer　functions　before　Tangshan　earthquake     

龚绍京  陈化然  张翠芬  杨程君  马淑芹 《地震学报(英文版)》1997,10(1):61-70

ＴｈｅａｎｏｍａｌｏｕｓｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｔｈｅｇｅｏｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｈｏｒｉｚｏｎｔａｌｆｉｅｌｄｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓｂｅｆｏｒｅＴａｎｇｓｈａｎｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅＳＨＡＯＪＩＮＧＧＯＮＧ（龚绍京）ＨＵＡＲＡＮＣＨＥＮ（...  相似文献   

Variation in the post‐copulatory guarding behavior of Neohelice granulata (Brachyura,Grapsoidea, Varunidae) in two different habitats          下载免费PDF全文

María P. Sal Moyano  María A. Gavio  Colin L. McLay  Tomás Luppi 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(4):1185-1194

Crab guarding behaviors are influenced by the biological and physical characteristics that each population experiences in a particular habitat. We studied post‐copulatory guarding behavior and the factors affecting it, such as the presence of burrows, female receptivity duration, operational sex ratio (OSR) and male size, in two different populations of Neohelice granulata: Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon (MCL) and San Antonio Oeste (SAO). Laboratory experiments showed that post‐copulatory guarding duration varied between the study areas. In MCL, it depended upon the presence of burrows and female receptivity duration, whereas it was independent of the OSR and male size. In SAO, it was dependent upon the OSR and female receptivity duration, whereas it was independent of the presence of burrows and male size. Thus, N. granulata males display different reproductive strategies related to their post‐copulatory guarding behavior pattern in different habitats. These strategies are related to the fact that this species constructs and defends a burrow that provides shelter and a place to mate, something that other varunids do not have.  相似文献   

Large wood distribution,mobility, and recruitment in an inter‐dam river reach: A comparison with geomorphic process on the Garrison Reach of the Missouri River pre and post the historical 2011 flood          下载免费PDF全文

Edward R. Schenk  Adam J. Benthem  Mark D. Dixon  Melissa Mittelman  Katherine J. Skalak  Cliff R. Hupp  Joel M. Galloway  Rochelle A. Nustad 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(8):1677-1688

This study assessed the effect of the largest flood since dam regulation on geomorphic and large wood (LW) trends using LW distributions at three time periods on the 150 km long Garrison Reach of the Missouri River. In 2011, a flood exceeded 4390 m³/s for a two‐week period (705% above mean flow; 500 year flood). LW was measured using high resolution satellite imagery in summer 2010 and 2012. Ancillary data including forest character, vegetation cover, lateral bank retreat, and channel capacity. Lateral bank erosion removed approximately 7400 standing trees during the flood. Other mechanisms, that could account for the other two‐thirds of the measured in‐channel LW, include overland flow through floodplains and islands. LW transport was commonly near or over 100 km as indicated by longitudinal forest and bank loss and post‐flood LW distribution. LW concentrations shift at several locations along the river, both pre‐ and post‐flood, and correspond to geomorphic river regions created by the interaction of the Garrison Dam upstream and the Oahe Dam downstream. Areas near the upstream dam experienced proportionally higher rates of bank erosion and forest loss but in‐channel LW decreased, likely due to scouring. A large amount of LW moved during this flood, the chief anchoring mechanism was not bridges or narrow channel reaches but the channel complexity of the river delta created by the downstream reservoir. Areas near the downstream dam experienced bank accretion and large amounts of LW deposition. This study confirms the results of similar work in the Reach: despite a historic flood longitudinal LW and channel trends remain the same. Dam regulation has created a geomorphic and LW pattern that is largely uninterrupted by an unprecedented dam regulation era flood. River managers may require other tools than infrequent high intensity floods to restore geomorphic and LW patterns. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

2016-12-25智利M_W7.6地震震前电离层TEC异常探测     

史坤朋  郭金运  刘智敏  李旺 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(9):979-985

使用IGS发布的GIM数据,利用奇异谱(singular spectrum analysis, SSA)和四分位距法(inter quartile range, IQR)对2016-12-25智利MW7.6地震进行震前电离层异常探测。 研究表明,2种方法探测到的电离层主要异常特征基本一致,在震前4 d和震前7 d分别探测到明显的正异常和负异常,电离层异常自东向西移动,峰值点出现在震中附近,且震前4 d共轭区域出现明显的电离层正异常变化。相较于IQR探测,SSA探测突出了电离层主要的异常时间段和空间异常特征,但幅度和范围偏小,两者互为补充,可以探测出更加明显的地震电离层异常效应特征。由于距发震时间较短,在排除外界环境干扰因素后,认为此次电离层异常可能由智利地震引起。
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琅琊山铜矿床控矿构造的再认识   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

邢善强 《安徽地质》2000,(1)

以构造解析为手段,突破前人对琅琊山铜矿区的传统地质构造认识,提出区域应变滑劈理控 岩,“Ａ”形劈滑褶皱控矿的新论点,并以此来阐述矿体赋存特征及形态、产状、规模等特征。  相似文献