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231.
The shape optimization of the 2-dimensional wing in ground effect (WIG) has been performed by the integration of CFD (computational fluid dynamics) and MOGA (multi-objective genetic algorithm). Because of the trade-off between the aerodynamic forces and the height stability, it is difficult to satisfy the design requirements of efficiency and stability at the same time. In this study, the lift coefficient, the lift-drag ratio and the static height stability are chosen as the objective functions to obtain the optimal wing profiles of a WIG craft. An NACA0015 airfoil is used for the baseline model; the aerodynamic characteristics of the base model are compared with that of the optimal solutions. The profile of the airfoil is constructed by four Bezier curves with fourteen control points resulting in the eighteen coordinates, which are adopted as the design variables. The optimal solutions of the multi-objective optimization are not unique but a set of the non-dominated optima: the Pareto frontiers or a Pareto set. As the results of the multi-objective optimization, the forty Pareto optima, which include high-lift, high-efficiency, and more stable airfoils on the edge of the 3-dimensional objective space, are obtained at thirty evolutions of the generation. 相似文献
232.
长江口深水航道工程于1998年开工建设,2002年和2005年一期和二期工程先后竣工,分别达到8.5和10.0 m通航水深。自2006年三期工程实施以来,北槽航道中段连续4a发生严重淤积,年疏浚维护量平均达6×107m3,影响三期工程目标的如期实现。通过自主开发的数字高程模型定量分析平台,建立时间序列的空间分布属性数据库,对长江口深水航道工程治理过程前后的河床冲淤变化规律和工程效果进行量化分析,分析结果揭示了长江口南港北槽深水航道近期淤积的泥沙来源、淤积过程、主要淤积原因和淤积部位,从而为工程治理对策提供科学依据。 相似文献
233.
对于浅海区采油平台等设施常采用斜坡式人工岛形式,虽然在一定程度上起到降低海冰对平台的作用,但是海冰沿着斜坡上爬至平台并形成堆积,同样也会对平台设施造成破坏,因此有必要对海冰堆积爬坡的关键参数进行研究。通过在冰排前进方向放置混凝土实体结构物模拟海冰堆积和爬坡过程,分析了模型冰爬坡和下滑角度、最大堆积高度等关键参数以及模型冰断裂长度的统计特性及其与变形模量的关系,试验结果表明水位越高,冰排越容易发生堆积爬坡。破碎的模型冰在结构物前堆积后,形成爬坡角和下滑角。爬坡角随着堆积体的增大而增大,下滑角则逐渐减小。堆积冰高度一定时,高度不再增加,在来冰方向会形成新的堆积。这种现象为浅海区海上结构物的防冰减灾提供了新思路。 相似文献
234.
A study of internal solitary waves observed on the continental shelf in the northwestern South China Sea 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Based on in-situ time series data from the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) and thermistor chain in Wenchang area, a sequence of internal solitary wave (ISW) packets was observed in September 2005, propagating northwest on the continental shelf of the northwestern South China Sea (SCS). Corresponding to different stratification of the water column and tidal condition, both elevation and depression ISWs were observed at the same mooring location with amplitude of 35 m and 25 m respectively in different days. Regular arrival of the remarkable ISW packets at approximately the diurnal tidal period and the dominance of diurnal internal waves in the study area, strongly suggest that the main energy source of the waves is the diurnal tide. Notice that the wave packets were all riding on the troughs and shoulders of the internal tides, they were probably generated locally from the shelf break by the evolution of the internal tides due to nonlinear and dispersive effects. 相似文献
235.
From the theoretical analysis of the thermionic emission model of current--voltage characteristics, this paper extracts the parameters for the gate Schottky contact of two ion-implanted 4H-SiC metal--semiconductor field-effect transistors (sample A and sample B for three and four times multiple ion-implantation channel region respectively) fabricated in the experiment, including the ideality factor, the series resistance, the zero-field barrier height, the interface oxide capacitance, the interface state density distribution, the neutral level of interface states and the fixed space charge density. The methods to improve the interface of the ion-implanted Schottky contact are given at last. 相似文献
236.
The paper provides a joint distribution of significant wave height and characteristic surf parameter. The characteristic surf parameter is given by the ratio between the slope of a beach or a structure and the square root of the characteristic wave steepness in deep water defined in terms of the significant wave height and the spectral peak period. The characteristic surf parameter is used to characterize surf zone processes and is relevant for e.g. wave run-up on beaches and coastal structures. The paper presents statistical properties of the wave parameters as well as an example of results corresponding to typical field conditions. 相似文献
237.
238.
近年来人们往往利用GPS数据来确定大地高,但大地高不同于正常高,为此,利用多项式拟合与地球重力场模型相结合的数学方法,使GPS所测大地高通过这些数学模型直接转换为具有厘米精度的正常高,将该方法得到的正常高与单独利用多项式拟合和地球重力场模型得到的结果进行了比较,其差值的标准差为±38 cm。 相似文献
239.
240.
基于天山北坡西部温泉哈夏林区间隔100m海拔高度采集的雪岭云杉梯度样本的断面积生长量资料,分析该区域树木生态弹性变化。干旱事件是区域生态弹性最主要的干扰因子,高温事件也是干扰因子之一。干扰因子的强度会造成生态弹性梯度特征的变化。在极端干旱年份,哈夏林区梯度生长弹性特征最显著,即中高海拔为强抵抗力和弱恢复力,而低海拔则呈相反态势,并出现生长衰退现象。中旱事件时不同海拔均为强抵抗力和较强的恢复力。高温年份低海拔呈现弱抵抗力和弱恢复力。在发生持续干旱时,不同海拔高度的树木生长均受到遏制,但低海拔衰退强度大于高海拔区域,高海拔区域树木对干旱的适应能力要强于中低海拔。 相似文献