A Geography of Children's Vulnerability: Gender,Household Resources,and Water‐Related Disease Hazard in Northern Pakistan*     

Sarah J. Halvorson 《The Professional geographer》2003,55(2):120-133

Water‐related diseases continue to pose major threats to children's survival and well‐being in many places in the developing world. This article develops a theoretical perspective on the ways in which children's vulnerability to water‐related disease hazard is produced within the everyday circumstances of livelihood and child care. Central to this analysis is the role that household resources play in mediating or shaping particular microenvironments of health risk. Further, the effects of local geographies of gender on how household resources are accessed and on how child care is structured are examined. Children's vulnerability is evaluated in a community in the District of Gilgit in northern Pakistan, a region presently undergoing tremendous social and economic transformation. The case study highlights household‐level response and adaptation to child health risks associated with diarrheal disease transmission and infection in this mountain environment. The case study draws from ethnographic fieldwork involving qualitative household microstudies and interviewing to elicit mothers' resource and risk‐response strategies in the context of changes in livelihood systems and household dynamics.  相似文献   

东山九孔鲍细菌性疾病研究   总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28  

张朝霞  王军  张蕉南  苏永全  黄英  鄢庆枇 《台湾海峡》2001,20(2):193-199,T001

本文分离纯化了1999年春东山县患病九孔鲍的2株主要病原菌，进行了回归感染、药敏试验、病变组织的超薄切片观察。结果表明此次暴发性流行鲍病的致病菌主要是溶藻弧菌和副溶血弧菌。在所进行的48种药物的药敏试验中，2株菌仅对氯霉素和复方新诺明等8种药物共同敏感，药物联合抗菌试验还表明复方新诺明与磺胺甲基异恶唑等有协同作用，氯霉素与复方新诺明等有加成作用。  相似文献   

胰腺CT灌注成像的研究进展     

解骞  梁宗辉 《CT理论与应用研究》2014,(1):183-191

摘要：作为新兴的功能学成像方法,胰腺CT灌注成像可以定量测量血容量、血流量、毛细血管表面通透性和平均通过时间等灌注参数,进而反映胰腺局部组织病理变化而引起的血流灌注改变。目前胰腺CT灌注成像的研究主要集中在正常胰腺组织、胰腺癌、胰腺炎及胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤等方面,部分灌注参数的研究结果在不同研究中差异较大。但随着多排螺旋CT软硬件技术的发展,胰腺CT灌注成像研究有加速趋势,全面临床应用将成为可能。关键词：胰腺疾病;体层摄影术;x线计算机;CT灌注成像文章编号：l004-4140（2014）Ol-0183-09中图分类号：R814．42;R445．3文献标志码：A  相似文献   

Researching the geography of health and health care: Connecting with the Third World     

David R. Phillips  Mark W. Rosenberg 《GeoJournal》2000,50(4):369-378

In the context of doing research on the geography of health and health care, ‘connecting’ takes on multiple meanings. First, there are the connections between research topics although the political and socio-economic realities of the various geographical contexts can lead to foci on different aspects and social and geographic processes. There are then the connections between researchers from developed and developing countries who share an interest in the geography of health and health care, who perhaps transfer or refine research methods to look at the different contexts and even different topics. Finally, in this context, there are the connections between researchers and the IGU Commission on Health, Environment and Development (HED) promoted by the HED for the past eight years through its activities. This paper uses examples from the literature and the activities of HED to illustrate these various connections. It argues that if the geography of health and health care is to continue to develop, these three sets of connections must continue to grow and strengthen. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Diseases and compromised health states of massive Porites spp. in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea     

SAMSUVAN Watchar  YEEMIN Thamasak  SUTTHACHEEP Makamas  PENGSAKUN Sittiporn  PUTTHAYAKOOL Juthamart  THUMMASAN Monthaphat 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(1):118-127

In this study, we assess coral health by detecting the severity of coral diseases and compromised health states on massive Porites. Field surveys are conducted at twenty-two sites covering the eastern, inner and western Gulf of Thailand as well as the Andaman Sea during 2010-2015. A total of nine coral diseases and signs of compromised health are observed in the waters of Thailand, consisting of pigmentation responses (pink lines, pink patches, pink spots and pink borers), white syndromes (white patches, white bands and ulcerative white spots), growth anomalies, and unusual bleaching patterns. The highest severity of all observed coral diseases and signs of compromised health are found at Ko Khang Khao in the inner Gulf of Thailand, while that observed in the Andaman Sea is relatively low. Composition of the diseases vary across the study sites. Four groups of study sites, in which there is an 80% similarity of diseases or signs of compromised health composition, are clustered and detected based on the Bray-Curtis similarity. The canonical analysis of principal coordinates reveal that most study sites in the Gulf of Thailand, especially the inner Gulf of Thailand, tend to show a high severity of the diseases. The association of disease severity and composition and the level of human impact are also detected. The study sites located near the shores and/or the areas with intensive tourism tend to have higher human impact, especially on poor water quality, which may be linked to the higher severity and composition of coral diseases and signs of compromised health in the Gulf of Thailand. Fish bites are also observed in many study sites. The severity of fish bites in the Gulf of Thailand is much lower compared to the Andaman Sea. Ko Rawi exhibits the highest severity, following by Ko Surin Nua and Ko Butang. The study sites within marine national park boundaries have a significantly higher severity of fish bites than those outside of the marine national park boundaries. This study suggests that higher coral diseases and signs of compromised health severity might be linked to anthropogenic disturbances on coral communities in the waters of Thailand.  相似文献   

黄淮海平原非农化土地空间格局及其影响因素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程明洋  刘彦随 《地域研究与开发》2019,38(1):170-176

  相似文献   

基于GIS的主要农作物病虫害气象等级预报系统研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李轩  郭安红  庄立伟 《国土资源遥感》2012,(1):104-109

为了将农作物病虫害气象等级预报能力扩展到更大空间尺度,根据相邻和相近农作物种植区域的一致性,进行农作物病虫害预报模型区域化应用和拓展。建立了气象等级划分标准,在Oracle农业气象数据库和地理空间数据库的支持下,采用Visual Basic.NET和GIS组件,设计并实现了基于地理空间信息的主要农作物病虫害气象等级预报系统。该系统可对北方草原蝗虫、东北玉米螟、江南稻飞虱、黄淮棉铃虫、黄淮小麦条锈病、江淮江汉小麦赤霉病和西南地区水稻稻瘟病7大类主要作物病虫害发生发展气象等级进行实时预报,取得了较好效果。  相似文献   

CT在肾脏疾病诊断中的应用价值     

张春红  刘文光  古晓泉 《CT理论与应用研究》1993,(2)

本文分析了腹部平片,静脉肾盂造影,B 超及CT 对肾脏疾病的诊断价值。CT 的组织分辨力为普通X 线的十倍,并能提供二维图象,对肾囊肿,结石等疾病可作出定性及定量诊断。静脉肾盂造影有禁忌症限制。B 超受到肠道积气及脂肪影响。4cm 以上肿块行B 超导引穿刺,而深部小于4cm 病灶应行CT 导引下穿刺。  相似文献   

我国医学地理研究的主要进展和展望   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：11  

谭见安  李日邦 《地理学报》1990,45(2):186-201

简述了我国医学地理学的历史发展,60年代以来是我国医学地理发展最迅速的时期。特别在地方病、癌症等疾病的地理分布规律、地理流行特点、生态学特性、环境病因、病区环境改善和地理制图等方面取得了较显著的进展。并综合国内外的发展略述了医学地理的性质和任务。本文依医学地理的主要研究领域:疾病地理、健康地理、保健地理、医学地理制图等扼要地阐述了所获得的主要研究成果,其中有些受到国内外的广泛重视和关注。  相似文献   

气象要素对南京市呼吸系统疾病的影响研究     

李娟  张志薇  于庚康  周连  陈晓东 《气象科学》2017,37(3):409-415

利用2007—2012年南京市逐日气象资料和同期某三甲医院呼吸系统疾病逐日急诊和门诊就诊人数资料,采用常规统计方法,分析了主要气象要素与疾病就诊人数的关系,揭示了气象条件对人群呼吸系统疾病的影响程度,为当地居民防病养生提供气象指导。结果表明:呼吸系统疾病发病与气象要素之间存在1~2 d的滞后效应,且与日平均气温、日最高气温和日最低气温的相关最显著,尤其当平均气温低于0℃时,全人群就诊人数明显增加;此外,当寒潮过程发生时,全人群和老年人(65岁)就诊人数增加率分别为35%和53%,且表现出1 d的滞后性;与之相比,儿童(6岁)就诊人数没有表现出滞后效应,寒潮结束当日,就诊人数增加了2倍以上。  相似文献