超长La Ni?a事件背景下东亚夏季风的季节内变化:1999～2000年和1984～1985年的对比分析     

段欣妤  薛峰  郑飞 《气候与环境研究》2021,26(2):169-180

基于多种再分析资料和观测资料,对比分析了两次超长La Ni?a事件中东亚夏季风的季节内变化。选取的两次事件分别发生在1984～1985年和1999～2000年,但强度有明显差异,其中前者为中等强度事件,而后者则为强事件。在两次事件过程中,暖池对流偏强,西太平洋副热带高压（副高）偏东偏弱,但季节内变化有很大差异。对强事件而言,6月对流开始发展,异常值在7月达到最大,8月稍弱,这与La Ni?a年合成结果一致,表明La Ni?a信号主导了东亚夏季风的季节内变化。与此不同的是,在1984～1985年事件中,6月和8月对流偏强,7月偏弱,呈双峰型异常变化。分析表明,当前一个月海温偏高时,后一个月对流偏强,减弱了太阳辐射,造成局地海温降低,偏低的海温又反过来抑制了后一个月的对流发展,暖池地区局地海气相互作用在中等强度La Ni?a事件中起到关键作用。因此,在两次超长La Ni?a事件中,东亚夏季风的季节内变化过程和影响因子有很大差异。此外,由于副高偏东,中国东部夏季降水总体上偏少。  相似文献   

The influence of thermohaline fronts on chlorophyll a concentrations during spring and summer in the southeastern Yellow Sea     

JANG Pung-Guk  LEE Tong Sup  KANG Jung-Hoon  SHIN Kyoungsoon 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(9):82-90

A spatial and temporal variation in physiochemical parameters in the southeastern Yellow Sea(YS) is investigated in the spring and summer of 2009 to 2011.Nutrient show a strong negative relationship with chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration in spring,and the subsurface chlorophyll a maxima(SCM) layer was associated with the nitracline in summer.In summer,the SCM was usually found within or above the pycnocline and at the depths of shoals from the open sea to the coastal sea due to tidal and/or topographical fronts in the southernmost study area.High Chl a concentrations were found in the central southern YS,where the YS cold water layer expanded under the pycnocline and encountered water masses during spring and summer.After a typhoon in the summer of 2011,Chl a concentration increased,especially in the central southern YS,where cold waters occurred below the pycnocline.The results suggest that the development of thermohaline fronts may play an important role in the growth and accumulation of phytoplankton biomass in the upper layer of the southeastern YS during spring and summer.  相似文献   

Optical detection of Prorocentrum donghaiense blooms based on multispectral reflectance     

TAO Bangyi  PAN Delu  MAO Zhihu  SHEN Yuzhang  ZHU Qiankun  CHEN Jianyu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2013,32(10):48-56

Prorocentrum donghaiense is one of the most common red tide causative dinoflagellates in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary and the adjacent area of the East China Sea. It causes large-scale blooms in late spring and early summer that lead to widespread ecologic and economic damage. A means for distinguish- ing dinoflagellate blooms from diatom （Skeletonema costatum） blooms is desired. On the basis of measure- ments of remote sensing refectance [Rrs（λ）] and inherent optical parameters, the potential of using a mul- tispectral approach is assessed for discriminating the algal blooms due to P. donghaiense from those due to S. costatum. The behavior of two reflectance ratios [R1 = Rrs（560）/Rrs（532） and Re = Rrs（708）/Rrs（665）], suggests that differentiation of P. donghaiense blooms from diatom bloom types is possible from the current band setup of ocean color sensors. It is found that there are two reflectance ratio regimes that indicate a bloom is dominated by P. donghaiense; （1） R1 〉 1.55 and R2 〈 1.0 or （2） R1 〉 1.75 and R2 ≥ 1.0. Various sensitivity analyses are conducted to investigate the effects of the variation in varying levels of chlorophyll concentration and colored dissolved organic matter （CDOM） as well as changes in the backscattering ratio （bbp/bp） on the efficacy of this muitispectral approach. Results indicate that the intensity and inherent op- tical properties of the algal species explain much of the behavior of the two ratios. Although backscattering influences the amplitude of Rrs（λ）, especially in the 530 and 560 nm bands, the discrimination between P. donghaiense and diatoms is not significantly affected by the variation of bbp/bp. Since aCDOM （440） in coastal areas of the ECS is typically lower than 1.0 m-1 in most situations, the presence of CDOM does not interfere with this discrimination, even as SCDOM varies from 0.01 to 0.026 nm-1. Despite all of these effects, the dis- crimination of P. donghaiense blooms from diatom blooms based on multispectral measurements of Rrs（λ） is feasible.  相似文献   

高效液相色谱法分析地下水和饮用水中苯并(a)芘     

王海娇  王娜  汪寅夫  李丽君 《岩矿测试》2010,29(5):625-627

采用液-液萃取、高效液相色谱法测定地下水和饮用水中的苯并(a)芘,建立了适用于全国地下水污染调查项目多环芳烃中苯并(a)芘必测组分的检测方法。标准曲线的线性范围为2.00～80.0ng/L,相关系数为0.9999,方法检出限为1.8ng/L,回收率为93.1%～103.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)为6.48%。方法检出限低,精密度好。  相似文献   

基于GOCI数据的黄河口高悬浮物浓度海域的叶绿素a提取指数构建与浓度反演          下载免费PDF全文

张曦元  万剑华  刘善伟  宋冬梅 《海洋技术学报》2022,41(1):20-29

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渤海叶绿素 a 浓度与环境因素的响应关系研究     

王睛  袁德奎  李旭  毛倚天  王雪 《海洋通报》2022,(5)

基于 2003－2018 年的遥感反演和再分析数据, 分别在时域和频域上分析了渤海海表面温度、光合有效辐射、气溶 胶厚度、风速与叶绿素 a 浓度之间的响应关系。通过傅里叶变换在频域上得到各因素之间的相关性系数, 其显著高于直接在 时域上计算得到的相关性系数, 表明由于相位差的影响, 直接在时域进行相关性分析很可能会低估各因素之间的相关性。傅 里叶变换后的频谱图显示, 叶绿素 a 浓度存在一年、半年、4 个月与季节周期; 风速与气溶胶厚度存在明显的一年和半年周 期; 海表面温度和光合有效辐射具有明显的一年周期, 半年周期较其他几个因素不明显。交叉谱分析的结果表明： 叶绿素 a 浓度和所选的环境因子都在一年周期下具有最大的交叉振幅, 表明在此频率下响应最大; 风速、气溶胶厚度、光合有效辐射 分别超前于叶绿素 a 浓度约 5.0 个月、0.2 个月、0.2 个月, 海表面温度则滞后 1.9 个月。各环境因子之间相互关联, 共同影 响叶绿素 a 浓度的时间分布。  相似文献   

基于海洋一号D卫星海岸带成像仪的赤潮遥感监测特征          下载免费PDF全文

滕越  邹斌  叶小敏 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(8):60-66

为进一步加强对赤潮等海洋生态灾害的动态监测,科学支撑海洋防灾减灾工作,文章基于海洋一号D卫星搭载的海岸带成像仪数据,选取北部湾、茂名近岸和陵水湾为研究区域,分析2021年2月发生的4例赤潮事件的遥感影像、叶绿素a浓度和赤潮指数特征。研究结果表明：遥感影像可清晰呈现赤潮分布状况,叶绿素a浓度和赤潮指数的异常值范围与遥感影像一致,赤潮水体的叶绿素a浓度和赤潮指数整体高于非赤潮水体。  相似文献   

都市城乡过渡带基层空间的演变特征     

宋志军  李小建 《地理学报》2023,(3):658-676

城乡过渡带30～150 m尺度的空间,属变化明显的都市基层空间系统。为描述这一地带的空间演变规律,本文以郑州、杭州、北京的建设用地为例展开了多重分形分析。本文依托广义、典型f(a)-a(q)曲线所划分的3个空间演变子系统,以城乡过渡带院落组级—居委会级空间为研究尺度区间,对之进行了空间多重分形特征的量化分析。分析显示,城乡过渡带的空间演变属宏、中观空间影响下的适应性变化,市场驱动色彩显著。总体上,城乡过渡带基层空间的演变较为复杂,并常会在一定尺度内形成典型、广义的空间多重分形特征,及其相应的斑块密度（q值）分布区。且受多种发展进程等因素的影响,多种空间子系统的演变强度常会不同,其在各尺度上的空间复合也会呈动态变化,进而城乡过渡带空间演变的“情景性”较强。但都市城乡过渡带的基层空间却不存在依中小城市→传统性特大城市→现代化特大城市→超大城市的必然演替过程,其变化更多应与各都市在城市体系中的地位、城乡融合的具体情景密切相关。本文根据满足全局性、局域性指标的情况,把多重分形的典型特征分布区拓展到了更广域的特征过渡区及退化区,进而增强了对现实地理空间真实发展状态的非线性描述。  相似文献   

Effects of an artificial oyster shell reef on macrobenthic communities in Rongcheng Bay,East China     

徐勤增  张立斌  张涛  周毅  夏苏东  刘辉  杨红生 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(1):99-110

An artificial oyster shell reef was deployed in Rongcheng Bay, East China. However, the effects of this reef on the surrounding macrobenthic communities were unknown. We compared sedimentary factors, macrobenthic biomass, abundance, and community composition and ecological indicators between the reef and non-reef areas over a one year period. The mean values for chlorophyll a （Chl a）, total organic matter （TOM）, total organic carbon （TOC）, and total nitrogen （TN） content in surface sediments in the reef area were slightly higher than those in the non-reef area. The Chl a levels differed significantly between the two areas, but the TOM, TOC, and TN were not significantly different. The abundance of crustaceans was significantly different between the two areas, but the abundance and biomass ofpolychaetes, echinoderms, mollusk did not differ significantly. The permutational multivariate analysis of variance （PERMANOVA） revealed that the macrobenthic community differed significantly through time and analysis of similarity multivariate analyses （ANOSIM） revealed that the macrobenthic community differed significantly in some months. The ecological indicators revealed that the environmental quality of the reef area was slightly better than that of the non-reef area. Overall, our results suggest that the artificial oyster shell reef may change the macrobenthic community and the quality of the environment. Despite the lack of an effect in the short term, long-term monitoring is still needed to evaluate the effects of artificial oyster shell reefs on macrobenthic communities.  相似文献   

两类La Nia季节演变过程的海气耦合特征对比   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

王磊  张文君  祁莉  何金海 《海洋学报》2014,36(1):72-85

利用1951—2010年逐月的HadISST海表温度资料、SODA次表层海温资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等,对比分析了东太平洋(EP型)La Nia和中太平洋(CP型)La Nia的海气耦合特征在季节演变过程中的差异。EP La Nia海表温度异常中心在发展年夏季出现于南美沿岸,随后向西移动,盛期最大海表温度异常中心位于赤道东太平洋,而CP La Nia海温异常中心少动,基本维持在160°W附近,其强度更强,持续时间更长。受海温分布形态影响,热带大气对两类La Nia的响应非常不同,成熟期间CP型在中太平洋偏旱的强度和范围比EP型大,且略偏西。发展年夏、秋季,北半球位势高度响应较弱;冬季,负PNA位相易伴随两类La Nia出现,但异常活动中心的位置和强度不同,在北大西洋其大气响应几乎相反,这些差异会引起显著不同的区域气候异常。  相似文献