贵州铜仁地区锰矿定量预测与评价     

李素雅  陈建平  刘畅 《江苏地质》2023,47(2):166-174

应用地质、化探、物探、遥感等手段和资料进行多元信息成矿预测已成为找矿工作的重要方法。以贵州铜仁地区锰矿为研究对象,基于研究区与成矿相关的多元信息,建立区域找矿模型;运用GIS技术对多元信息进行综合处理并提取有利成矿信息,形成找矿标志专题图层,构成找矿预测指标集;利用证据权重法建立锰矿综合预测模型,结合研究区成矿地质条件、已知锰矿床（点）等因素,确定找矿有利地区,并圈定7个远景区,为发现大规模锰矿产地提供参考。  相似文献   

基于结构水文地质学的采掘诱发高势能突水溃砂主动防控     

隋旺华 《工程地质学报》2022,30(1):101-109

在谷德振先生“水文地质结构”学术思想指引下,本文提出建立结构水文地质学的设想,论述了其基础理论框架。从方法论角度将矿山水害防控分为被动防控和主动防控两种方法。以结构水文地质学指导煤矿高势能突水溃砂防控,分析了被动防控可能产生突水溃砂灾害的机理; 提出了主动地质工程防控的原理,包括地质材料性质改造、结构隔水性能重构、赋存水动力环境改造、减轻采掘诱发覆岩破坏等具体方法。抛砖引玉,以期催生符合中国矿山防治水实践需要的创新理论和方法。  相似文献   

Identification of functionally active aerobic methanotrophs and their methane oxidation potential in sediments from the Shenhu Area,South China Sea     

Jing Li  Chang-ling Liu  Neng-you Wu  Xiao-qing Xu  Gao-wei Hu  Yan-long Li  Qing-guo Meng 《China Geology》2022,5(2):285-292

Large amounts of gas hydrate are distributed in the northern slope of the South China Sea, which is a potential threat of methane leakage. Aerobic methane oxidation by methanotrophs, significant methane biotransformation that occurs in sediment surface and water column, can effectively reduce atmospheric emission of hydrate-decomposed methane. To identify active aerobic methanotrophs and their methane oxidation potential in sediments from the Shenhu Area in the South China Sea, multi-day enrichment incubations were conducted in this study. The results show that the methane oxidation rates in the studied sediments were 2.03–2.36 μmol/gdw/d, which were higher than those obtained by sediment incubations from other areas in marine ecosystems. Thus the authors suspect that the methane oxidation potential of methanotrophs was relatively higher in sediments from the Shenhu Area. After the incubations family Methylococcaea (type I methanotrophs) mainly consisted of genus Methylobacter and Methylococcaea_Other were predominant with an increased proportion of 70.3%, whereas Methylocaldum decreased simultaneously in the incubated sediments. Collectively, this study may help to gain a better understanding of the methane biotransformation in the Shenhu Area.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

盘谷寺-新乡断裂第四纪活动性分段特征     

郁军建  张扬  孙印  张哲 《震灾防御技术》2022,17(2):261-268

盘谷寺-新乡断裂以柏山、高村为界,分为西、中、东3段,根据物探剖面、地质标准孔和地层剖面出露特征,各段活动性具有明显差异。其中西段最新活动时代为中更新世,具有向盆地迁移发育的特征;中段最新活动时代为晚更新世早期;东段活动性稍复杂,经历了正断-逆冲-正断的运动过程演变,其最新活动时代为晚更新世早期,且活动强度向两端减弱。高村所处的武陟隆起区推测为盘谷寺-新乡断裂中、东段的挤压阶区,断层位移在此处有亏损和衰减。  相似文献   

黄河中下游活动断层分布及其对古河道变迁的影响     

李峰  张杰汉  卢巍  张攀  占伟伟  田勤俭 《震灾防御技术》2022,17(2):197-207

黄河流域是我国遭受地震灾害最为严重的流域,近年来探测工作对黄河中下游的活动断层有较多新认识,如构成北华北盆地与南华北盆地新构造分界的新乡-商丘断裂,新发现存在多个晚更新世活动段,具备发生中强级以上地震的可能,对识别沿黄河中下游的地震危险源、提高地震危险性认识有重要影响。本文通过总结近年来活动断层探测的最新进展,分析了沿黄河中下游地区的活动断层分布特征及其可能产生的灾害影响,并提出后续工作规划建议。  相似文献   

长岭凹陷深层天然气藏中CO_2及CH_4充注次序的流体包裹体证据     

王可勇  李剑锋  万多  韦烈民  秦丹鹤  常亮 《岩石学报》2015,31(4):1101-1107

对长岭凹陷深层天然气藏储层——营城组火山岩中发育的流体包裹体进行了详细研究,结果表明在火山岩发育的石英、方解石细网脉中均存在较多的碳质流体包裹体,单个包裹体激光拉曼光谱分析结果表明其主要为CO2及CH4两种类型的碳质包裹体。其中方解石细网脉体中发育有原生及次生CH4包裹体,而含CO2包裹体多以原生包裹体产于石英细网脉中。很多含CO2包裹体的石英细脉中发现了含CH4包裹体的方解石脉体的角砾,这就表明石英细脉形成晚于方解石细脉。营城组火山岩储层中CO2及CH4包裹体的产状特征研究表明,松辽盆地深层天然气藏的形成系火山岩成岩后CO2及CH4等气体不同期次充注的结果,CH4气的充注时间早于CO2气,火山岩中发育的原生孔隙及次生裂隙为上述气体的充注和聚集提供了重要通道。  相似文献   

Prediction of Seafloors Polymetallic Sulphides Resources in the North Atlantic Ridge Area   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fang Jie  Sun Jingwen  Xu Hongqing  Ye Jinhua  Chen Jianping  Ren Mengyi  Tangchao 《地球科学进展》2015,30(1):60-68

  相似文献   

Modelling the Gross Primary Productivity of West Africa with the Regional Biomass Model RBM+, using optimized 250 m MODIS FPAR and fractional vegetation cover information     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2015

Global warming associated with climate change is one of the greatest challenges of today’s world. Increasing emissions of the greenhouse gas CO₂ are considered as a major contributing factor to global warming. One regulating factor of CO₂ exchange between atmosphere and land surface is vegetation. Measurements of land cover changes in combination with modelling the Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) can contribute to determine important sources and sinks of CO₂.The aim of this study is to accurately model the GPP for a region in West Africa with a spatial resolution of 250 m, and the differentiation of GPP based on woody and herbaceous vegetation. For this purpose, the Regional Biomass Model (RBM) was applied, which is based on a Light Use Efficiency (LUE) approach. The focus was on the spatial enhancement of the RBM from the original 1000–250 m spatial resolution (RBM+). The adaptation to the 250 m scale included the modification of two main input parameters: (1) the fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) based on the 1000 m MODIS MOD15A2 FPAR product which was downscaled to 250 m using MODIS NDVI time series; (2) the fractional cover of woody and herbaceous vegetation, which was improved by using a multi-scale approach. For validation and regional adjustments of GPP and the input parameters, in situ data from a climate station and eddy covariance measurements were integrated.The results of this approach show that the input parameters could be improved significantly: downscaling considerably reduces data gaps of the original FPAR product and the improved dataset differed less than 5.0% from the original data for cloud free regions. The RMSE of the fractional vegetation cover varied between 5.1 and 12.7%. Modelled GPP showed a slight overestimation in comparison to eddy covariance measurements. The in situ data was exceeded by 8.8% for 2005 and by 2.0% for 2006. The model results were converted to NPP and also agreed well with previous NPP measurements reported from different studies. Altogether a high accuracy and suitability of the regionally adjusted and downscaled model RBM+ can be concluded. The differentiation between vegetation growth forms allows a separation of long-term and short-term carbon storage based on woody and herbaceous vegetation, respectively.  相似文献   

Cool water geyser travertine: Crystal Geyser,Utah, USA          下载免费PDF全文

Jennifer A. Barth  Henry S. Chafetz 《Sedimentology》2015,62(3):607-620

A sloping travertine mound, approximately 85 m across and a few metres thick is actively forming from cool temperature waters issuing out of Crystal Geyser, east‐central Utah, USA. Older travertine deposits exist at the site, the waters having used the Little Grand Wash Fault system as conduits. In contrast, the present Crystal Geyser travertine mound forms from 18°C waters which have been erupting for the last 80 years from an abandoned oil well. The present Crystal Geyser travertine accumulation forms from a ‘man‐made’ cool temperature geyser system; nevertheless, the constituents are an analogue for ancient geyser‐fed carbonate deposits. The travertine primary fabric is composed of couplets of highly porous, thin micritic laminae intercalated with thicker iron oxide rich laminae. Low Mg‐calcite is the dominant mineralogy; however, aragonite is a major constituent in deposits proximal to the vent and decreases in abundance distally. Cements exhibit a variety of fabrics, isopachous being common. Constituents include micro‐stromatolites, clasts, pisoids and the common occurrence of Frutexites‐like iron oxide precipitates. Leptothrix, a common iron‐oxidizing bacterium, is believed to be responsible for the production of the dense iron‐rich laminae. Pisoids litter the ground around the vent and rapidly decrease distally in abundance and size.  相似文献   

Flows and shocks in active galaxies and their nuclei     

J. E. Dyson  R. J. R. Williams  J. J. Perry 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,233(1-2):199-214

Observations of active galactic nuclei imply that shocks must be an essential and important part of their structure. We outline the basic observations, and discuss those features which must be addressed by any physical model of active nuclei. These features, in particular the observed spectrum of strong emission and absorption lines, lead naturally to the conclusion that shocks are present. The velocity widths of these lines, which range from hundreds to many thousands of kilometres per second, are most readily explained by models in which shocks play an important role in the generation of cool gas. The extreme parameters of the shocks in and around active nuclei provide a unique application for the physics discussed in this meeting.  相似文献