多重孔岩石微分等效介质模型及其干燥情形下的解析近似式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李宏兵  张佳佳 《地球物理学报》2014,57(10):3422-3430

经典的微分等效介质(DEM)理论可用于确定多孔介质的弹性性质,但由于缺乏多重孔DEM方程,其估计的多重孔岩石的等效弹性模量依赖于包裹体(即不同孔隙纵横比的孔或缝)的添加顺序.本文首先从Kuster-Toksöz理论出发建立了Zimmermann和Norris两种形式的多重孔DEM方程.Norris形式的多重孔DEM方程预测的等效弹性模量总是位于Hashin-Shtrikman上下限内,而Zimmermann形式的多重孔DEM方程有时会越界.然后,通过使用干燥岩石模量比的解析近似式,对两个相互耦合的Norris形式DEM方程进行解耦得到干燥多重孔岩石的体积和剪切模量解析式.用全DEM方程的数值解对解析近似式的有效性进行了测试,解析公式的计算结果在整个孔隙度分布区间与数值解吻合良好.对实验室测量数据在假设岩石含有双重孔隙的情形下用双重孔DEM解析公式对岩石的弹性模量进行了预测,结果表明,解析式准确地预测了弹性模量随孔隙度的变化.双重孔(即软、硬孔)DEM解析模型可用来反演各孔隙类型的孔隙体积比,它可以通过实验室测量与理论预测之间的平方误差最小反演得到.砂岩样品的反演结果揭示,软孔的孔隙体积百分比与粘土含量没有明显的相关性.  相似文献   

基于方位各向异性弹性阻抗的裂缝岩石物理参数反演方法研究   总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

陈怀震  印兴耀  张金强  张广智 《地球物理学报》2014,57(10):3431-3441

裂缝储层岩石物理参数的准确获得对地下裂缝预测具有重要意义,而叠前地震反演是获得裂缝岩石物理参数的有效手段.本文从裂缝岩石物理等效模型的构建出发,从测井数据上估测了裂缝岩石物理参数,通过推导含裂缝岩石物理参数的方位各向异性弹性阻抗公式,探讨了基于方位各向异性弹性阻抗的裂缝岩石物理参数地震反演方法.实际工区地震数据应用表明,基于方位各向异性弹性阻抗的裂缝岩石物理参数反演方法合理、可靠,可以降低裂缝岩石物理参数估测的不确定性,为地下裂缝预测提供有力的依据.  相似文献   

新疆东准噶尔花岗岩类岩石高温高压弹性波速度及其对地壳结构的约束          下载免费PDF全文

臧春娟  王明梁  刘永刚  唐红峰 《地球物理学报》2014,57(7):2099-2112

应用超声波反射-透射法,在最高压力为1.0 GPa（室温）,最高温度为700℃（1.0 GPa）的条件下对新疆东准噶尔地区的卡拉麦里花岗岩带和野马泉岩体的典型花岗岩类岩石（碱长花岗岩、碱性花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩和石英闪长岩）的纵波速度（V_P）和横波速度（V_S）进行了测量.结果显示,在常温、压力0.4~1.0 GPa条件下,东准噶尔地区花岗岩类岩石的V_P和V_S均随压力呈线性增加,说明在这个压力段岩石中的微裂隙已基本闭合.室温、1.0 GPa时花岗岩类岩石的V_P是5.79~6.84 km·s^-1,V_S是3.26~3.85 km·s^-1.依据压力与V_P及压力与V_S的线性关系,拟合得到常温常压下花岗岩类岩石的纵波和横波压力系数分别是0.1568~0.4078 km/（s·GPa）和0.0722~0.3271 km/（s·GPa）,V_P0和V_S0分别是5.62~6.47 km·s^-1和3.15~3.75 km·s^-1.恒压1.0 GPa、室温到700℃条件下,花岗岩类岩石的V_P和V_S均随温度的升高呈线性降低,温度系数分别为（-3.41~-4.96）×10^-4 km/（s·℃）和（-0.88~-3.22）×10^-4 km/（s·℃）.利用实验获得的花岗岩类岩石的V_P0、V_S0及温度系数和压力系数,结合东准噶尔地区的地热资料,建立了V_P和V_S随深度变化的剖面.将获得的V_P和V_S-深度剖面与该区地球物理探测结果对比,发现东准噶尔地区的碱长花岗岩、碱性花岗岩、二长花岗岩和部分花岗闪长岩的V_P和V_S与该区上地壳速度吻合很好,同时这几种岩石的平均泊松比也与上地壳泊松比一致,因此我们认为这几种类型的岩石是该区上地壳的重要组成部分.另外,石英闪长岩的V_P和V_S均符合中地壳的速度,可能为中地壳中的一种岩石.  相似文献   

介观尺度孔隙流体流动作用对纵波传播特征的影响研究——以周期性层状孔隙介质为例   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

邓继新  王尚旭  杜伟 《地球物理学报》2012,55(8):2716-2727

介观尺度孔隙流体流动是地震频段岩石表现出较强速度频散与衰减的主要作用.利用周期性层状孔隙介质模型,基于准静态孔弹性理论给出了模型中孔隙压力、孔隙流体相对运动速度以及固体骨架位移等物理量的数学解析表达式,同时利用Biot理论将其扩展至全频段条件下,克服了传统White模型中介质分界面处流体压力不连续的假设. 在此基础上对准静态与全频段下模型介质中孔隙压力、孔隙流体相对运动速度变化形式及其对弹性波传播特征的影响进行了讨论,为更有效理解介观尺度下流体流动耗散和频散机制提供物理依据.研究结果表明,低频条件下快纵波孔压在介质层内近于定值,慢纵波通过流体扩散改变总孔隙压力, 随频率的增加慢波所形成的流体扩散作用逐渐减弱致使介质中总孔压逐渐接近于快纵波孔压,在较高频率下孔压与应力的二次耦合作用使总孔压超过快纵波孔压.介质中孔隙流体相对运动速度与慢纵波形成的流体相对运动速度变化形式一致;随频率的增加孔隙流体逐渐从排水的弛豫状态过渡到非弛豫状态,其纵波速度-含水饱和度变化形式也从符合孔隙流体均匀分布模式过渡到斑块分布模式,同时介质在不同含水饱和度下的衰减峰值与慢纵波所形成的孔隙流体相对流动速度具有明显的相关性.  相似文献   

含气介质临界点、流体和骨架弹性参数的数值计算方法   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

牛滨华  孙春岩  闫国英  杨维  刘畅 《地球物理学报》2010,53(6):1495-1501

目前临界孔隙度及孔隙介质的研究主要为测试分析的实验方法,如何运用数值计算方法求取孔隙流体介质临界点和组分弹性参数一直是备受关注的课题.本文提出了求取孔隙介质临界点、孔隙内流体和骨架弹性参数的数值计算公式及方法,并结合含气样品测试数据实现了这种数值计算.文章首先给出了3个包含孔隙度的线性方程,通过有机组合每个线性方程中的两个系数得到求取有关弹性参数的数值计算公式.然后,详细阐述了计算的方法和步骤以及需要注意的问题,把室内含气砂岩样品实测的综合介质密度、纵波速度和横波速度作为数值计算的输入数据,求得了临界点和流体及骨架等相关弹性参数的具体数值.通过比较分析本文数学方法求得的计算数据与实验方法测得的实测数据,表明了该数值计算公式的正确性和数值实现方法的有效性.  相似文献   

Acoustic full waveform inversion of synthetic land and marine data in the Laplace domain     

Wansoo Ha  Sukjoon Pyun  Jewoo Yoo  Changsoo Shin 《Geophysical Prospecting》2010,58(6):1033-1048

Elastic waves, such as Rayleigh and mode‐converted waves, together with amplitude versus offset variations, serve as noise in full waveform inversion using the acoustic approximation. Heavy preprocessing must be applied to remove elastic effects to invert land or marine data using the acoustic inversion method in the time or frequency domains. Full waveform inversion using the elastic wave equation should be one alternative; however, multi‐parameter inversion is expensive and sensitive to the starting velocity model. We implement full acoustic waveform inversion of synthetic land and marine data in the Laplace domain with minimum preprocessing (i.e., muting) to remove elastic effects. The damping in the Laplace transform can be thought of as an automatic time windowing. Numerical examples show that Laplace‐domain acoustic inversion can yield correct smooth velocity models even with the noise originating from elastic waves. This offers the opportunity to develop an accurate smooth starting model for subsequent inversion in the frequency domain.  相似文献   

Study on elastic response of structures to near-fault ground motions through record decomposition   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

S. Farid Ghahari  Hossein JahankhahM. Ali Ghannad 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2010

Accelerograms recorded near active faults have some important characteristics that make them different from those recorded in far-fault regions. High-frequency components in acceleration records and long-period velocity pulses are among notable specifications of such ground motions. In this paper, a moving average filtering with appropriate cut-off frequency has been used to decompose the near-fault ground motions into two components having different frequency contents: first, Pulse-Type Record (PTR) that possesses long-period pulses; second, the relatively high-frequency BackGround Record (BGR), which does not include large velocity pulses. Comparing the results with those extracted through wavelet analysis shows that moving average filter is an appropriate and efficient tool for near-fault records decomposition. The method is applied to decompose a suite of 91 selected near-fault records and the elastic response of structures is examined through their response to the decomposed parts. The results emphasizes that in contrast with ordinary far-fault earthquake records, response spectra of near-fault ground motions typically have two distinct local peaks, which are representatives of the high- and low-frequency components, i.e., BGR and PTR, respectively. Moreover, a threshold period is identified below which the response of structures is dominated by BGR while PTR controls the response of structures with periods longer than this period.  相似文献   

地形对地震烈度衰减的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

田家勇  兰晓雯  谢周敏  陆鸣  时振梁 《震灾防御技术》2010,5(3):281-287

本文采用阶跃截面固体的一维弹性波传播模型,研究了地形对地震烈度衰减的影响。采用固体入射纵波来模拟无地形影响的地震烈度衰减;采用固体透射波来模拟有地形影响的地震烈度衰减。利用阶跃截面处的放松连续条件,得出了烈度与高度差的近似定量关系。同时,以新疆地区逆冲走滑型地震为例,讨论了烈度与高度差的近似定量关系描述地形对地震烈度衰减影响的有效性。  相似文献   

A new series solution method for two-dimensional elastic wave scattering along a canyon in half-space     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2016

This paper presents a semi-analytical method for studying the two-dimensional problem of elastic wave scattering by surface irregularities in a half-space. The new method makes use of the member of a c-completeness family of wave functions to construct the scattering fields, and then applies equal but opposite tractions to those of the foregoing constructed scattering fields on the horizontal surface of the half-space to produce additional scattering fields. These additional scattering fields are a series of Lamb's solutions. Thus the whole scattering field constructed in the series automatically satisfies the Navier equations, the condition of zero traction on the half-space surface, and the radiation boundary conditions at infinity. Using the traction-free conditions along the canyon surface, the coefficients of the series solutions are determined via a least-squares method. For incident P, SV, and Rayleigh waves, the numerical results are presented for the scattering displacements in the vicinity of a semi-circular canyon in the half-space.  相似文献   

Dynamic factor analysis considering elastic boom effects in heavy lifting operations     

Kwang-Phil Park  Ju-Hwan Cha  Kyu-Yeul Lee 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(10):1100-1113

The dynamic factor is the ratio of the maximum dynamic load to the static load acting on the wire ropes between the boom of a floating crane and a cargo. In this paper, the dynamic factor is analyzed based on dynamic simulations of a floating crane and a cargo, considering an elastic boom. For the simulation, we designed a multibody system that consists of a floating crane barge, an elastic boom, and a cargo connected to the boom through wire ropes. The dynamic equations of motion of the system are based on flexible multibody system dynamics. Six-degree-of-freedom motions are considered for the floating crane and for the cargo, and three-dimensional deformations for the elastic boom. The hydrostatic force, the hydrodynamic force, the gravitational force, and the wire rope forces are considered as external forces. The dynamic factor is obtained by numerically solving the equation. The effects of the elastic boom on heavy cargo lifting are discussed by comparing the simulation results of an elastic boom and a rigid boom.  相似文献