Climate forcing due to the 8200 cal yr BP event observed at Early Neolithic sites in the eastern Mediterranean     

Bernhard Weninger  Eva Alram-Stern  Eva Bauer  Lee Clare  Uwe Danzeglocke  Olaf Jris  Claudia Kubatzki  Gary Rollefson  Henrieta Todorova  Tjeerd van Andel 《Quaternary Research》2006,66(3):401-420

We explore the hypothesis that the abrupt drainage of Laurentide lakes and associated rapid switch of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation 8200 yr ago had a catastrophic influence on Neolithic civilisation in large parts of southeastern Europe, Anatolia, Cyprus, and the Near East. The event at 8200 cal yr BP is observed in a large number of high-resolution climate proxies in the Northern Hemisphere, and in many cases corresponds to markedly cold and arid conditions. We identify the relevant archaeological levels of major Neolithic settlements in Central Anatolia, Cyprus, Greece and Bulgaria, and examine published stratigraphic, architectural, cultural and geoarchaeological studies for these sites. The specific archaeological events and processes we observe at a number of these sites during the study interval 8400–8000 cal yr BP lead us to refine some previously established Neolithisation models. The introduction of farming to South-East Europe occurs in all study regions (Thrace, Macedonia, Thessaly, Bulgaria) near 8200 cal yr BP. We observe major disruptions of Neolithic cultures in the Levant, North Syria, South-East Anatolia, Central Anatolia and Cyprus, at the same time. We conclude that the 8200 cal yr BP aridity event triggered the spread of early farmers, by different routes, out of West Asia and the Near East into Greece and Bulgaria.  相似文献   

Geochronological and isotopical review of pre-Devonian crustal basement of the Colombian Andes     

Oswaldo Ordez-Carmona  Jorge Julin Restrepo lvarez  Mrcio Martins Pimentel 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2006,21(4):372

Under the flatlands east of the Andes, the crustal basement is exposed in a few places, composed mainly of the Mitú migmatitic complex and the Parguaza granite, whose ages range between 1.78 and 1.45 Ga. Extensive outcrops of high-grade metamorphic rocks are found in several places. Two metamorphisms are dated between 1.2–1.1 and 1.0–0.9 Ga. They are considered blocks that formed during the Grenville orogeny and have Sm–Nd T_DM model ages of 1.87–1.47. The Andaquí terrane is formed mainly by the Garzón Massif, composed of granulites, migmatites, and granites, and the metamorphic rocks of the Sierra de la Macarena, which are covered by undeformed Cambrian sediments. It is believed that after the Grenville orogeny, this unit remained attached to the Amazonic Craton. All the other areas grouped in the Chibcha terrane, though they formed during the Grenville orogeny, are believed to have remained either as part of another continental block or dispersed islands to be amalgamated to the Amazonic Craton during the Lower Paleozoic orogeny, which in the Quetame Massif is dated between the Silurian and Devonian and is named the Quetame orogenic event.  相似文献   

Relation entre évolution de la matière organique et caractéristiques géostructurales : exemple du bassin yprésien en Tunisie centro-septentrionale     

Adel Arfaoui  Mabrouk Montacer 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2006,338(10):683-692

The geochemical analysis of the organic-rich facies from the Ypresian basin in central–northern Tunisia shows that the organic matter is marine originated (type II) and displays a low thermal maturity level in outcropping samples. This study proves that the distribution, conservation and, therefore, the composition of the organic matter have been controlled by the dynamic of the Ypresian basin. The Ypresian period corresponds to an anoxic event, which led to the accumulation and preservation of good quantities of organic matter derived from a high primary production. To cite this article: A. Arfaoui, M. Montacer, C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).  相似文献   

Speleology and magnetobiostratigraphic chronology of the Buffalo Cave fossil site, Makapansgat, South Africa     

Andy I.R. Herries  Kaye E. Reed 《Quaternary Research》2006,66(2):233-245

Speleological, stratigraphic, paleomagnetic and faunal data is presented for the Buffalo Cave fossil site in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. Speleothems and clastic deposits were sampled for paleomagnetic and mineral magnetic analysis from the northern part of the site, where stratigraphic relationships could be more easily defined and a magnetostratigraphy could therefore be developed for the site. This is also where excavations recovered the fossil material described. A comparison of the east and South African first and last appearance data with the Buffalo Cave fauna was then used to constrain the magnetostratigraphy to produce a more secure age for the site. The magnetostratigraphy showed a change from normal to reversed polarity in the basal speleothems followed by a short normal polarity period in the base of the clastic deposits and a slow change to reversed directions for the remainder of the sequence. The biochronology suggested an optimal age range of between 1.0 Ma and 600,000 yr based on faunal correlation with eastern and southern Africa. A comparison of the magnetobiostratigraphy with the GPTS suggests that the sequence covers the time period from the Olduvai event between 1.95 and 1.78 Ma, through the Jaramillo event at 1.07 Ma to 990,000 yr, until the Bruhnes-Matuyama boundary at 780,000 yr. The faunal-bearing clastic deposits are thus dated between 1.07 Ma and 780,000 yr with the main faunal remains occurring in sediments dated to just after the end of the Jaramillo Event at 990,000 yr.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地中新生代构造事件的峰值年龄及其沉积响应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙建博  陈刚  章辉若  白国绢  李向东  李向平 《西北地质》2006,39(3):91-96

通过锆石-磷灰石裂变径迹的峰值年龄与地层不整合事件的综合分析,提供了鄂尔多斯盆地中新生代构造事件的年代学约束及其沉积响应特点。印支期构造事件主要发生在230~190Ma,包含215Ma±和195Ma±两个峰值年龄,在盆地西南缘发育晚3叠世粗碎屑类磨拉石建造。燕山期构造事件主要发生在燕山中晚期的150~85Ma,包含145Ma±、120Ma±和95Ma±3个峰值年龄,在盆地西南缘发育燕山中期的芬芳河组和志丹群的粗碎屑类磨拉石建造。喜山期构造事件主要发生在65~5Ma,包含55Ma±、25Ma±和5Ma±3个峰值年龄。其中,锆石和磷灰石叠合分布的峰值年龄(145Ma±),指示了鄂尔多斯盆地中新生代的一次关键性构造变革事件。  相似文献   

西藏东南雅鲁藏布大峡谷入口处 第四纪多次冰川阻江事件^*   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

刘宇平  D.R.Montgomery  B.Hallet  唐文清  张建龙  张选阳 《第四纪研究》2006,26(1):52-62

在第四纪的末次冰期、新冰期和小冰期期间,位于大峡谷入口处的则隆弄跃动冰川发生多次的快速前进,多次发生阻塞雅鲁藏布江事件,在大峡谷以上河段形成4期(Ⅳ~Ⅰ)的林芝古堰塞湖。¹⁴ C测年结果指示第2次、第3次和第4次堰塞湖分别发生在9760~11300aB.P.,1220±40~1660±40aB.P.和287±93~394±83aB.P.。估计Ⅳ~Ⅱ期堰塞湖库容量约2150km³,835km³和81km³。冰川阻塞湖坝的溃决释放突发性洪水,对下游的雅鲁藏布大峡谷河段及下游地区的环境产生巨大的影响。  相似文献   

贵州早寒武世的缺氧事件沉积   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

肖加飞  胡瑞忠  宋谢炎  陈兰 《矿产与地质》2006,20(4):366-373

贵州早寒武世的黑色岩系属中国南方该时期缺氧事件沉积的一部分,为一套沉积速率低的海侵体系域沉积.主要为黑色页岩,发育水平纹理,主要含浮游生物,其中产钼、钒等矿床.其具有独特的元素地球化学特征SiO2、TiO2、Al2O3的含量相对较高;富集Mo、V、Ba、Ag、Au、U等元素,而Co、Sr、Ta等元素却亏损;稀土总量不高,为130×10-5～226×10-6,稀土配分曲线形态近于水平或略向右倾,具弱的负Ce异常和正Eu异常.地层特征、元素地球化学特征及特征元素比值所反映的是早寒武世黑色岩系形成于缺氧的还原环境,而缺氧沉积中有热水沉积的加入.  相似文献   

平均螺旋度在强降水过程中的诊断分析   总被引：5，自引：6，他引：5  

黄勇  张晓芳  陆汉城 《气象科学》2006,26(2):171-176

本文引入按高度平均的螺旋度-ASRH(Average Storm-Relative Helicity)的概念,为了在螺旋度的诊断分析中,同时考虑高低层效应。利用ASRH分析了2003年6、7月江淮地区、河南和陕西一带的一次大暴雨过程,结果表明,当高低层ASRH匹配较好时,ASRH的大值中心及其演变较好地对应了暴雨中心的位置及演变,ASRH的变化和暴雨演变有一定的因果关系,较大的ASRH可能是暴雨及中尺度系统发生发展的机制之一。  相似文献   

内蒙古东部近54年气候变化对生态环境演变的影响   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14  

白美兰  郝润全  邸瑞琦  高建国 《气象》2006,32(6):31-36

利用4个代表站1951—2004年温度和降水资料，通过气候统计诊断分析方法，从气候要素变化趋势、基本气候状态特征以及生态环境演化趋势等方面，研究气候变化对生态环境演变的影响。结果表明：（1）近54年来东部区温度呈显著的升高态势。降水量波动性较大，总体上呈缓慢的增加趋势，但趋势不明显，属于气候自然波动的范围，而1998年至本世纪降水量呈下降趋势，并存在11年和22年的周期性变化。（2）无论是温度还是降水，目前都处于高的气候基本态和高气候变率时期，致使极端气候事件呈增加趋势。气候的变干、变暖以及变率的增大，加剧了内蒙古东部地区干旱化的程度。由此引起一系列生态环境问题，如湿地萎缩、草场退化等。（3）从示范区卫星遥感资料获悉，固定沙地面积的增加，说明科尔沁沙地沙漠化整体出现生态良性好转，但各类沙地图斑数的增加，表明在目前的气候条件下，沙地破碎化程度加剧，沙漠化局部有所恶化。  相似文献   

A possible Younger Dryas-type event during Asian monsoonal Termination 3   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

CHEN Shitao  WANG Yongjin  KONG Xinggong  LIU Dianbing  CHENG Hai & R.L. Edwards . College of Geography Science  Nanjing Normal University  Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change  Ecological Construction  Nanjing  China  . Department of Geology  Geophysics  University of Minnesota  Minneapolis MN  USA 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(9):982-990

1 Introduction The Younger Dryas (YD) cold spell is one of the most prominent abrupt climate change events in the past and a key feature of the last glacial termination. A great agreement has been attained in terms of the tim- ing and geographic extent of…  相似文献