黄土塬区煤田弯线地震勘探采集技术的应用     

郭良红  田小平 《中国煤田地质》2006,18(6):43-45

在黄土塬区,选择弯线地震勘探技术,相对传统的直测线地震勘探而言,可以克服由于黄土巨厚、沟谷陡峭、黄土干燥疏松且厚度横向变化剧烈等因素造成的激发、接收困难。设计弯线地震勘探观测系统,应遵循空间、时间条件来决定叠加次数;并考虑弯线叠加特点,计算弯曲测线共反射面元属性及道距、炮间距;根据动校正拉伸畸变,速度精度要求等综合因素选择炮检距。总之,弯线地震勘探技术的关键在于共反射面元属性分析,炮检中点的分散范围、分散度等参数的计算及优化。  相似文献   

多普勒天气雷达风场退模糊方法的研究   总被引：19，自引：3，他引：16       下载免费PDF全文

梁海河  张沛源等 《应用气象学报》2002,13(5):591-599

文章提出了对多普勒天气雷达的风场信息进行预处理的“K-邻域频数法”,该方法物理统计意义比较明确,能够有效地处理风场信息中的“噪声”问题。在此基础上,设计了单径向的速度扩展算法,并提出了“双径向-双切向”的方法, 其效果与美国WSR-88D。NSSL和FSL的算法相当。该文还设计了一个界面十分友好的人机交互方法,可以达到约90%以上的速度扩展正确率,是对传统的人机交互方法的极大改进。  相似文献   

纵弯褶皱叠加机制和类型的研究现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杜思清  刘援朝 《矿物岩石》1998,18(3):73-81

叠加褶皱的研究是以叠加机制和叠加类型为基础的。从变质岩构造研究中形成的叠加褶皱理论是以剪切褶皱为基础,而沉积岩的纵弯褶皱叠加机制和类型均与之不同。国外有学者分别指出再褶皱时的斜纵弯褶皱机制和早期褶皱枢纽的迁移机制以及四种基本叠加类型。我国有人论述了早期褶皱的枢纽、拐线的迁移是正纵弯再褶皱的一种机制,依此提出了正纵弯叠加褶皱的三种基本类型。本文对这些成果的主要认识和依据予以介绍。  相似文献   

川北米仓山火地垭群非共轴重褶构造研究     

吴德超  刘援朝  魏显贵  杜思清  何政伟 《矿物岩石》1997,(Z1)

川北米仓山地区褶皱基底火地垭群中普遍发育倾竖褶皱或陡倾覆褶皱，区调及构造解析表明，它们为两期褶皱叠加而成，第一期褶皱为北西－北西西向，紧闭倒转，第二期褶皱为北东向，经非共轴重褶后形成Ｕ形或Ｗ形露头干涉型式。本区非共轴重褶的首次发现，对研究其构造样式及构造演化具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

青海锡铁山铅锌矿构造控矿型式与特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

冯佐海  李少游 《大地构造与成矿学》1997,21(2):167-172

锡矿山铅锌矿受含矿岩系主褶皱和韧性剪切带的双重控制。矿体主要形成于主褶皱转折端厚层大理岩与含碳石英片岩间的构造虚脱及转折端附近。后期韧性剪切带内强弱不同的构造置换型式，是导致Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ矿带矿体规模和形态差异的主要因素。因此，矿体最终规模和形态，不但取决于主褶皱的几何形态和空间展布形式，也取决于韧性切剪带对其叠加和改造的程度。  相似文献   

中国新疆北天山的活动逆断裂褶皱带及其大地震的位置预测(英)     

杨晓平  邓起东  冯先岳  张培震  徐锡伟  李军  赵瑞斌 《内陆地震》1997,(4)

发育在北天山山麓的活动断裂褶皱带属于向前扩展的薄皮构造，且所有的背斜都是断裂扩展褶皱，主滑脱面距地表8～9km深。距今292万年以来，地壳缩短13．5～14．6km，缩短率是4.62～5．0mm／a。自30000年前至今，准噶尔南缘断裂和齐古道断裂褶皱带的活动十分微弱，而独山子和玛纳斯道断裂-褶皱带则是活动褶皱-断裂带。北天山地区普遍发育三级阶地,受活动逆断裂和褶皱的影响，均产生褶曲变形和错断。距今12000～13000年以来，吐谷鲁逆断裂-背斜的垂直滑动速率、抬升速率、缩短速率分别是0．83～0．91、3.46～3.75和1.23～1．33mm／a。1906年的玛纳斯地震发生在一条盲断坡上，但是其同震破裂和褶皱隆升却出现在玛纳斯逆断裂-褶皱带上，震中距玛纳斯逆断裂-褶皱带约40km。揭示出北天山挤压拗陷区的孕震构造是一个由深部盲断坡-滑脱断层-浅层断坡构成的复杂构造系统。通过上述活动构造和古地震研究的结果可以推测，天山北麓未来发生大震（M≥7．0）的位置可能是在呼图壁河至金沟河段和金沟河至奎屯河段的齐古道断裂-褶皱带上，其震级相当于1906年玛纳斯地震。乌鲁木齐挤压坳陷中的活动逆断裂褶皱带上只有发生M≤6．0地震的可能性。  相似文献   

阜平猴石顶太古界褶皱的岩石磁性组构   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

贺绍英  金龙国  孙世伟  孙爱秋 《地球物理学报》1988,31(6):672-677

猴石顶太古界重褶皱位于阜平太古宙穹状复合褶皱群中一个钩状褶皱的“钩子”部位。其中一层斜长角闪岩标志层的岩石磁性组构的分布情况为:1.在翼部的磁化率量值椭球是压扁形的,磁性叶理面的方向与变质层面及片麻理的方向基本一致,表现为向北西倾斜的倒转褶皱;2.在太古宙再次变形阶段所形成的转折端部位,磁性叶理面的走向变化较大,并出现拉长形的磁化率量值椭球,反映了经受过拉张作用的变形和多于一次的不同方向应力的作用;3.西翼的磁性线理值与磁性叶理值以及磁化率各向异性度都大,反映它经受过较强的剪切应力与压应力的作用;4.磁性线理主要倾向北半球,而且部分磁性线理近南北方向分布。 推测猴石顶重褶皱可能处于向北倾伏的主体构造的东侧。 上述岩石磁性是由自行设计的静态测量方法,用国产的数字式无定向磁力仪测定的。  相似文献   

The significance of scarp retreat for cenozoic landform evolution on the Colorado Plateau,U.S.A.     

Karl-Heinz Schmidt 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1989,14(2):93-105

Since the beginning of the Cenozoic period several hundreds of metres of the sedimentary cover have been removed from the Colorado Plateau. Palaeoclimatic considerations show that the Colorado Plateau has been dominated by dry climates throughout the Cenozoic with the possible exception of the early Palaeocene. Today in the still prevailing arid climate, which strongly accentuates differences in rock resistance, the relief shows a structurally controlled cuesta scarp topography in the slightly deformed strata of alternating resistance. In examining whether the denudational efficiency of scarp retreat was sufficient to account for the wide erosional gaps in the sedimentary cover, rates of scarp retreat were determined by using the information of dated volcanic material and by applying a new method, which calculates the amount of retreat from the width of beheaded valleys of known age. Rates of retreat range from 0·5 to 6·7 km my^?1. The results show that the rates of retreat are controlled by the thickness and resistance of the caprocks. A model of Cenozoic scarp retreat demonstrates that the rates of recession calculated for the scarps in Upper Cretaceous rocks were sufficient to bring them into their present positions from the centre of the Monument Uplift on the central Colorado Plateau. The late Eocene positions of the cliffs in the Early Tertiary formations give an indication of their maximal extent. After the Upper Cretaceous sediments had been removed from the uplifts, erosion cut through successively older rocks, and activated scarps in stratigraphically lower positions. Scarp retreat can operate simultaneously and independently at different levels, which enabled this erosional mechanism to remove great proportions of the sedimentary cover of the Colorado Plateau during the Cenozoic.  相似文献   

四川盆地的地震地质特征   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6  

钱洪  唐荣昌 《四川地震》1992,(3):13-18

四川盆地是我国具有代表性的中新生代沉积盆地,喜马拉雅运动使之发生褶皱变形。野外观察和深部探测资料表明,褶皱及与之相伴的断裂通常在3～5千米的深度上消失,为典型的浅层构造。上下层位构造形态的不协调现象是沿软弱层位发生滑脱作用的结果。盆地内的地震活动性比四川西部活动构造区明显减弱,仅有的几个中强地震震例表明,它们具有震源浅、震级低,烈度高且震中位置与背斜构造关系密切的特点。本文旨在通过盆地内盖层滑动及其与盖层沼皱、断裂的成因机制的讨论,探索导致盆地内地震活动特殊现象的原因。并预测盆地内未来地震的可能强度。  相似文献   

Evolution of the Komiji Syncline in the North Fossa Magna, central Japan: Paleomagnetic and K–Ar age insights     

Sachiko Niitsuma  Nobuaki Niitsuma  Kazuo Saito 《Island Arc》2003,12(3):310-323

Abstract We carried out paleomagnetic measurements and K–Ar dating on Neogene andesitic lavas and sills of the Shigarami Formation in North Fossa Magna, central Japan. The Shigarami Formation is distributed in the axial part of the Komiji Syncline in the folding zone of the southwestern North Fossa Magna. Results of the present study indicate that the Komiji Syncline was formed shortly after 4.42 ± 0.12 Ma during the Pliocene. The sedimentary rocks of the Shigarami Formation consist of shallow marine and fluvial deposits. Intrusions of andesitic sills are found in the shallow marine deposits and two andesitic lava flows are present in the fluvial deposits. Oriented samples were taken from the sills at four sites and from the lavas at three sites. The samples produced stable remanent magnetization through stepwise alternating field and thermal demagnetizations. Results of a positive fold test indicate that the stable remanent magnetizations concentrate around a mean reversed polarity of declination = 169.0°, inclination = ?58.5° and 95% confidence limit = 9.0° after corrections have been made according to the direction of the bedding of the sedimentary rocks. Four fresh samples were selected for K–Ar dating from the samples used for paleomagnetic measurements. The groundmass of three samples taken from the sills yield ages of 4.42 ± 0.12, 4.49 ± 0.22 and 4.69 ± 0.13 Ma, whereas the one taken from the lower lava has an age of 5.91 ± 0.26 Ma. We believe that the Komiji Syncline was formed after the emplacement of lavas and sills in the area, because the descending Miocene strata were folded concordantly with the Shigarami Formation. The Pliocene and Pleistocene strata rest unconformably on the folded strata. The deformation might have progressed during the Pliocene, then slowed down in the Early Pleistocene. Our results suggest that the northwestward motion of the Philippine Sea Plate and the collision of the Tanzawa Block affected not only the South Fossa Magna, but also the North Fossa Magna.  相似文献