硫含量对煤直接液化性能的影响     

田新娟  杨平平  李育辉  李小彦  晋香兰 《煤田地质与勘探》2009,37(6):19-21

利用实验室高压反应釜,研究了榆林横山樊河长焰煤中硫含量对煤直接加氢液化反应的影响。结果表明:随着煤中硫含量的增加,油产率和总转化率均先增加再减小;当硫的质量分数为6.65%和4.37%时,油产率和总转化率分别达到最大值49.79%和86.38%;水产率无明显变化规律;除1号煤样,气产率和氢耗量随硫含量的增加而增加;煤中硫、矿物质及体系中氢共同作用催化了煤的加氢液化反应。   相似文献   

Distribution and characteristics of gravelly soil liquefaction in the Wenchuan <Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis><Subscript>s</Subscript> 8.0 earthquake     

Zhenzhong Cao  Longqing Hou  Hongmei Xu  Xiaoming Yuan 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2010,9(2):167-175

In this paper,a distribution map of gravelly soil liquefaction that was caused by the Wenchuan M_s 8.0 earthquake in China is proposed based on a detailed field investigation and an analysis of geological soil profiles. The geological background of the earthquake disaster region is summarized by compiling geological cross sections and borehole logs. Meanwhile,four typical liquefied sites were selected to conduct sample drillings,dynamic penetration tests (DPT),and shear wave velocity tests,to understand the features of liquefied gravelly soil. One hundred and eighteen (118) liquefied sites were investigated shortly after the earthquake. The field investigation showed:(1) sandboils and waterspouts occurred extensively,involving thousands of miles of farmland,120 villages,eight schools and five factories,which caused damage to some rural houses,schools,manufacturing facilities and wells,etc.; (2) the Chengdu plain is covered by a gravelly soil layer with a thickness of 0 m to 541 m according to the geological cross sections; (3) there were 80 gravelly soil liquefied sites in the Chengdu plain,shaped as five belt areas that varied from 20 km to 40 km in length,and about ten gravelly soil liquefied sites distributed within Mianyang area; and (4) the grain sizes of the sampled soil were relative larger than the ejected soil on the ground,thus the type of liquefied soil cannot be determined by the ejected soil. The gravelly soil liquefied sites are helpful in enriching the global database of gravelly soil liquefaction and developing a corresponding evaluation method in further research efforts.  相似文献   

A modified normalized input-output minimization （Mod-NIOM） method for seismic wave propagation modeling     

Santa Man Shrestha  Hideji Kawakami  Eric Augustus Tingatinga  Hidenori Mogi 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2010,9(4):481-491

A new method for wave propagation modeling is introduced in this paper. By using the constraint optimization (Lagrange multiplier) method, the sum of weighted squared Fourier amplitudes is minimized when subjected to a constraint. The sum of the maximum amplitudes obtained from all output models is normalized to unity and is taken as a constraint. In this method, all the actual time histories are considered as outputs and dealt with equally. Independently of the combinations of time histories (or the first ...  相似文献   

新疆巴楚地震液化宏观现象的对比分析     

董林  胡伟华  曹振中  袁晓铭 《地震工程与工程振动》2010,30(6)

2003年2月24日新疆巴楚-伽师地区发生6.8级地震,出现了唐山、海城地震后近30年我国最具规模的砂土液化现象。本文通过现场调查和资料分析,并与以往大地震液化比较,提出了此次地震液化宏观现象的认识,包括液化分布特征、喷水冒砂形态、液化震害和工程地质条件等几个方面。结果表明,此次地震液化宏观现象与我国以往几次大地震有很多不同,具有很大的研究价值。  相似文献   

Characteristics of vibration liquefaction of saturated medium sandy soil with silt     

HUANG Rui  ZHANG Yanjun  GONG Liliang 《世界地质(英文版)》2010,13(2):90-93

In order to understand and master the dynamic characteristics of sandy soil with different silt contents, the authors carried out many indoor dynamic triaxial tests for five groups of sandy with silt which took from Panjin and Xiamen. Under the conditions of consolidation pressure of 100 kPa, 200 kPa, 300 kPa, stationary vibration frequency H=1 and cyclic loading, the authors found that the effective cohesion increases and the effective internal friction angle decreases with the increase of the silt contents. During the liquefied scope, the cementation and the strength have been increased with the increase of the silt contents.  相似文献   

砂性地基中防波堤地震残余变形机制分析与液化度预测法     

王丽艳  姜朋明  刘汉龙 《岩土力学》2010,31(11):3556-3562

海港工程中防波堤地震残余变形的预测以及震损机制的分析是较复杂的问题。采用定义在应变空间中考虑土体动主应力轴方向偏转影响的多重剪切机构塑性模型,分别从砂性土的黏粒含量和标贯击数2个主要影响因素对防波堤地震变形的变化机制进行了有效应力分析,得出防波堤较大的残余变形是由于地震作用下土体中孔隙水压力的升高致使土体软化而产生的。然后,采用液化度单一指标从物理本质上来间接表征防波堤的残余变形,得到防波堤残余变形与液化度之间的函数预测关系,预测值与震害调查值以及数值分析值基本相符,表明所得液化度预测公式具有一定的可靠性。残余变形的液化度预测法可为类似防波堤地震灾害设计与评价提供参考依据。  相似文献   

水库围堤地基液化有效应力动力分析     

邓益兵  周健  刘文白  孔戈 《岩土力学》2010,31(Z2):292-296

利用基于Biot方程耦合场分割算法的ANSYS有限元软件二次开发形成的岩土工程有效应力分析模块,对某水库围堤坝基进行了液化震陷分析。计算中选取具有代表性的堤坝断面建立二维有限元模型,并采用上海50 a超越概率10％的人造地震波加速度-时程作为基底输入地震。计算得到围堤孔隙水压力与有效应力比的分布情况以及震陷分布情况。分析结果表明,坝基中心部位的孔隙水压力比要比坝脚两侧的孔隙水压力比小,坝基中心部位可以不进行地基处理。该方法可为今后其他类似工程的设计和施工提供参考。  相似文献   

Effects of cross-correlated multiple spatially random soil properties on wave-induced oscillatory seabed response     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

The evaluation of seabed response under wave loading is important for prediction of stability of foundations of offshore structures. In this study, a stochastic finite element model which integrates the Karhunen-Loève expansion random field simulation and finite element modeling of wave-induced seabed response is established. The wave-induced oscillatory response in a spatially random heterogeneous porous seabed considering cross-correlated multiple soil properties is investigated. The effects of multiple spatial random soil properties, correlation length and the trend function (the relation of the mean value versus depth) on oscillatory pore water pressure and momentary liquefaction are discussed. The stochastic analyses show that the uncertainty bounds of oscillatory pore water pressure are wider for the case with multiple spatially random soil properties compared with those with the single random soil property. The mean pore water pressure of the stochastic analysis is greater than the one obtained by the deterministic analysis. Therefore, the average momentary liquefaction zone in the stochastic analysis is shallower than the deterministic one. The median of momentary liquefaction depth generally decreases with the increase of vertical correlation length. When the slope of the trend function increases, the uncertainty of pore water pressure is greatly reduced at deeper depth of the seabed. Without considering the trend of soil properties, the wave-induced momentary liquefaction potential may be underestimated.  相似文献   

波浪作用下粉质土海床液化界面波压力的研究     

任宇鹏  房虹汝  许国辉  许兴北 《海洋学报》2017,39(1):89-95

波浪作用下粉质土海床的液化是影响海上平台、海底管线等海洋构筑物安全的灾害之一。在进行构筑物设计中应考虑海床液化的深度问题,而液化土体对下部海床的界面波压力是计算海床孔隙水压力增长以及液化深度的重要参量。本文基于波致粉土海床自上而下的渐进液化模式,利用双层流体波动理论,推导了考虑海床土体黏性的海床界面波压力表达式,并与不考虑黏性时的界面波压力进行了比较分析。结果表明,计算液化后土体界面波压力时,是否考虑液化土体的黏性对结果影响较大,进而可能影响粉质土海床液化深度的确定。  相似文献   

基于动三轴试验和土层地震反应对地震液化的判别     

胡庆  李恒  张祎 《大地测量与地球动力学》2017,37(5):531-535

以汉口某场地典型钻孔剖面为研究对象,结合动三轴试验成果,采用等效线性化方法考虑土层的非线性特征,利用一维波动方法进行场地土层地震反应分析,探讨场地内埋深10~36 m范围内的各土层在不同地震作用下的液化可能性。结果表明,汉口地区埋深超过20 m的砂土层在Ⅶ度、Ⅷ度地震作用下有液化的可能性;土层液化的可能性随着埋深的增大而减小;输入地震动的频谱特性及平稳段持续时间等因素可影响液化判别结果。该方法可为深层液化判别提供参考。  相似文献