岷江上游第四纪叠溪古堰塞湖的演化   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

杨文光  朱利东  郑洪波  向芳  阚瑷珂  罗丽萍 《地质通报》2008,27(5):605-610

采用岩性相和沉积体系的分析方法对岷江上游流域的阶地进行了研究．发现叠溪较场到太平村以北约28km的沿江河段内断续分布有湖相沉积。对太平村一带的三级阶地沉积识别出冲积扇沉积体系、湖泊沉积体系、河流沉积体系和风成、表生沉积体系。认为古堰塞湖发育2期高湖平面,其间存在低湖面期形成的古土壤层。根据最高湖泊沉积与堵江滑坡体的顶部高度对比和堰塞湖发育的时间计算,太平村地区相对叠溪校场地区存在着平均3．18m／ka的抬升运动。  相似文献   

上扬子区(四川盆地)寒武系的含盐性与地质背景          下载免费PDF全文

黄建国 《沉积与特提斯地质》1993,(5):44-56

据记载,分布于上扬子区寒武系的石膏岩仅有零星资料。如今,大量蒸发岩如溶蚀角砾岩、硬石膏、石盐岩及富钾卤水等已被发现。沉积相经历了从盆地相、台地相到蒸发岩相的演化过程。在中、下寒武统中找到海退沉积序列。古构造-古地理背景是蒸发岩沉积的重要控矿条件之一。周边板块运动及塑性基底的褶皱,导致台缘隆起及台内坳陷的形成。岩相古地理图展示从碳酸盐、硫酸盐到氯化物盐类的“泪滴式”沉积相带。蒸发岩沉积于台缘隆起及礁生长进入堰塞潟湖至盐湖阶段。在稳定坳陷区沉积盆地中蒸发岩系发育;石盐岩较厚,其溴氯比值为0.2—0.4;古气候炎热、干燥;在蒸发岩体周围有沉积(封层)水及溶滤水,其含钾(K~+)量为0.10—4.76g/L;水文地球化学比值(如钾氯比值、钾盐比值及钾溴比值等)指示含钾异常;盐湖浓缩卤水达到氯化物盐类沉积阶段及相应的构造封闭程度;含盐地质标志广泛分布等等。鉴于上述,估计该区可能具备钾盐成矿条件。然而目的层埋藏太深,因此笔者建议,应在浅埋部位进行有效的成矿预测,为普查指出远景区。  相似文献   

相律的应用:蒸发结晶过程自由度          下载免费PDF全文

房春晖  宋彭生 《盐湖研究》1993,(1)

在连续原理和浓度限制条件的基础上,分析了卤水蒸发过程的自由度,提出了“蒸发结晶过程自由度”这一概念。发现蒸发结晶过程自由度在整个过程中不是1便是0,在1和0之间交替变化,与选择的组分数和析出固相数目无关。蒸发结晶过程自由度为1,物理意义是在不引起新相产生旧相不消失的前提下过程连续地变化(水分的连续蒸失),几何意义是指在适当的坐标系中的一条线,一条直线或曲线;0的物理意义是指新相的产生和旧相的即将消失或者前一段的连续变化过渡到后一段的连续变化,几何意义是指一点,两蒸发阶段的交点或者过程的终点。简单地讨论了过程的单向性和连续件。  相似文献   

扬子区石炭纪黄龙期沉积相   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

陈宗清 《沉积学报》1990,8(2):23-31

扬子区石炭纪黄龙期海侵主要由南而北,晚时海水北来明显。早、中时扬子海实为一东西向狭长形海湾,地形西高东低,低潮线约在皖南铜陵、巢县向;海水除由下扬子湾可随潮而溯流入中扬子湾外,并可由荆江潮口随潮而进入中扬子湾,再西而入上扬子湾,此即早、中时潮坪沉积分布特宽的原因。晚时江南古陆下沉,南北海水大侵,使海侵达到高潮,改早、中时局限海为正常浅海沉积,岩性单一,生物繁茂,厚度较大。早、中时中、上扬子区潮间带准同生白云岩发育,易为后期淡水溶蚀而多孔,是有利于油气储集的沉积相。  相似文献   

青藏高原腹地湖泊沉积对第四纪晚期古季风变化的响应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

胡东生  张华京  徐冰  李炳元  孔照辰  温景春 《干旱区地理》2006,29(4):483-489

通过对青藏高原腹地的综合科学考察和对中心钻孔岩芯剖面的最新研究,用层序地层学与年代地层学和气候地层学相结合的方法,分辨出可可西里地区湖泊沉积记录(孔深7.25 m)的第四纪晚期距今3万余年以来的古气候变化,沉积物磁化率等因子综合表征的高原古季风变化是波动发展的,发生在仙女木期地质环境事件中的季风活动具有强烈暴发的特点,是高原季风发展中的突变事件,而且地表热点效应对其起到了激发作用。综合分析的研究成果表明,它的变化频谱与激变因子及其运行机制是伴随着青藏高原地质效应的演变而发展的,为研究第四纪冰消期以来的气候变化提供了新的信息。  相似文献   

Exploding lakes in Vanuatu ＂Surtseyan-style＂ eruptions witnessed on Ambae Island   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K&#;roly N&#;meth Shane J. Cronin Douglas Charley Morris Harrison Esline Garae 《《幕》》2006,29(2):87-92

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Weathering and climate change since l820 AD in Hoh Xil, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, China——Evidence from element geochemistry of lake sediments of Gulug Co Lake     

吴艳宏李世杰  夏威岚 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(1):56-61

Element geochemistry of lake sediments has been widely used to detect climate change because element composition and ratios can reflect the weathering degree in the source area. Given the dement composition of lake sediments from Gulug Co Lake, Hoh Xil, Qing- hai-Xizang Plateau, chemical index of alteration （CIA）, index of composition variability （ICV） and other element ratios have been used to establish the weathering sequence of this area since 1820 AD. The weathering is so weak that the element composition change is more sensitive to climate change and autochthonous processes. From 1820 to 1984 AD, there were two drier periods with a wetter interval from 1870 to 1945 AD. After 1984 the weather showed a tendency of becoming wet.  相似文献   

Measurement of the total nitrogen in lake sediments： Comparison and its environmental significance     

Wei JIANG Xinqing LEE 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):12-12

Nitrogen cycle is an important bio-geochemical process in the environment. Measurement of the total nitrogen （TN） is a routine experiment in agriculture, biology and environmental sciences. The Kjeldahl method （KM） and elemental analyzer method （EA） are both commonly used to determine TN. Total nitrogen by EA is the sum of nitrate （NO3）, nitrite （NO2）, organic nitrogen and ammonia. Total nitrogen by KM （TKN） is made up of both organic nitrogen and ammonia. A comparative study focused on the two methods is conducted by analysis of TN in 97 samples from the sediment sequence of Gouchi, a salt lake in North China. KM presents a higher degree of accuracy than EA with a standard deviation of 0.007 vs. 0.024. With the presence of nitrate and/or nitrite nitrogen, however, measurement by KM is considerably lower than that by EA. Therefore, for samples from lake sediment sequences or soils in North China, KM is inapplicable to determining TN because of usually high contents of nitrous salt. Despite the inconsistency, use of both methods to the same samples makes sense in reconstructions of climatic and environmental changes from lake sediments. In Lake Gouchi, the contents of nitrate and nitrite nitrogen vary from 1.40% in the lower part of the sequence to 14.77% in the uppermost part, suggesting a gradual evolution process from a fresh water lake to the present-day salt lake.  相似文献   

The concentration and distribution of different mercury species in the water columns and sediment of Aha Lake     

Weiyang BAI Xinbin FENG Xuewu FU Tianrong HE Guangle QIU 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):154-154

In order to find out whether Aha Lake was polluted by the acid mining waste water or not, the concentration and distribution of different mercuryspecies in the water columns and sediment profile collected from Aha Lake were investigated. It was found that discernible seasonal variation of different mercury species in water body were obtained in the Aha Reservoir. With regards to the whole sampling periods, the concentrations of HgP in the Aha Reservoir water body were evidently correlated to the concentrations of total mercury, showing that total mercury was mostly associated with particle mercury. The concentrations of methylmercury in water body were also evidently correlated to the concentrations of dissolved mercury. The dissolved mercury evidently affects the distribution and transportation of methylmercury. However, there is no correlation between methylmercury and total mercury. The dissolved mercury, reactive mercury, dissolved methylmercury levels in the water body of high flow period were much higher than those in low flow period. The distribution, speciation and levels of mercury within the Aha Reservoir water body were governed by several factors, such as the output of river, the release of sediment . Discernible seasonal variation of total mercury and methylmercury in porewater was described during the sampling periods, with the concentrations in high flow period generally higher than those in low flow period. The methylmercury in pore water column was evidently correlated to that of the sediment. The results indicated that highly elevated MeHgD concentrations in the porewater were produced at the depths from 2 to 5 cm in the sediment profile, and decreased sharply with depth. A positive correlation has been found between MeHgD formation and sulfate reducing bacterial activity. These highly elevated concentrations of MeHgD at the intersurface between waters and sediments suggest a favorable methylation condition. Moreover,  相似文献   

重力取样器取样技术研究          下载免费PDF全文

毛志新  刘宝林  夏柏如 《探矿工程》2006,33(2):52-53,62

在湖泊环境研究中，淤泥质沉积物取样是一项很重要的工作，样品的取心率和原状性直接影响了环境研究的结果。重力取样器是获取湖泊、水库等水域浅层湖泊沉积物的一种经济有效、操作简单的常用工具。因此研究重力取样器的取样技术对环境研究具有积极的意义。研究了重力取样器的取样技术，并在此基础上成功设计了一种便携式的重力式取样器，非常适合环境研究机构的沉积物取样工作。  相似文献